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Hon. ASA <;. ANDKKVVS. Mayor, IH'.lli. 



MEMORIAL 



CELEBRATION OF THE TWO HUNDRED AND 
FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 




Incorporation 

OF THE 

Town of Gloucester, Mass, 



AUGUST, 1892. 



' O single roses sweet that lured 
These sailing men to land, — 
These men with sight and will to see 
With hope in either hand, — 

' We thank thee for the men who threw 
Their idle anchor down, — 
Who felt thee as a breath of home, — 
Whose love begat our town." 



Rich. 



BOSTON: 

PRINTED BY ALFRED MUDGE & SON. 

1901. 



U(:> 



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0\. 



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CONTENTS. 



Introduction . . . • • 

Action oi Fourth of July Committee . 
Mass Meeting, Morgan Hall 
Adjourned Meeting, List of Officers . 
Action of the City Government, 1891, 1892 
The Executive Committee . 
Program of Celebration 

Sunday, August 21, Religious Observances 
The First Church 
The Independent Christian Church 
The Trinity Congregational Church 
The Prospect Street Methodist Church 
The McClure Chapel . 
The St. Anne's Catholic Church . 
The Portuguese Catholic Church . 
At the other Churches . 
The West Gloucester Congregational Church 
The Annisquam Universalist Church 
The First Church, Rockport 

Tuesday Evening, August 23. 

Reunion Absent Sons and Daughters 

Wednesday, August 24. 

Firemen's Parade and Banquet 
Roll of Fire Department, 1892 
Literary Exercises 

Invocation, Rev. James C. Parsons 

Ode, James Davis 

Oration, Rev. John L. R. Trask, D. D. 

Anniversary Poem, Hiram Rich 

Ode, Henry C. L. Haskell 

Benediction, Rev. Francis Parker 
Athletic Events . 
Anniversary Banquet 
^ James R. Soley 

WiUiam E. Russell 

William Cogswell 

Henry Cabot Lodge 

Asa G. Andrews 



3 

5 
6 

9 
25 
30 
33 

37 
55 
61 
62 
63 
63 
63 
63 
64 
68 
71 



87 
93 
95 
95 
96 
103 
136 
142 
142 

143 
149 
149 
152 
157 

159 
161 



CONTENTS. 



John Corliss 
Bancroft Gherardi 
Benjamin F. Butler . 
George S. Boutwell . 
Charles Levi Woodbury 

Thursday, August 25. 

Military, Civic, and Trades Parade 
Roster of the Parade 
First Division, Military 
Second Division, Veterans 
Third Division, Red Men . 
Fourth Division, Local Organizations 
Fifth Division, Foresters . 
Sixth Division, Tableaux . 
Seventh Division, Trades . 

The Historical Tableaux 

The School Children .... 

The Mayor's Luncheon 

Reception and Ball .... 

Friday, August 26. 

The Fishermen's Race 

The Yacht Races .... 

Fireworks Display .... 



In General. 

Interchange of Greetings 

Visit of the Warships . 

Art and Loan Exhibition 

Decorations . 

Historical Places . 

Letters from Distinguished Guests 

Why Gloucester ought to Celebrate 

What the Newspapers said . 

From the Magazines . 

The Police Arrangements . 

Other Committees. 

Bonfire, Salutes, and Decorations 

Flower Committee 

Press Arrangements 

Invitation Committee . 

Other Committees 

The Permanent Memorial Committee 
The Finances of the Celebration . 
The Final Word 



FAGB 
161 
164 
166 
167 
169 



175 
177 

178 
182 

187 
188 
189 

196 
197 



205 
220 
230 

235 
241 
247 
267 
275 
279 
293 
303 

333 
341 

347 
347 
347 
348 
349 
349 
355 
369 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Hon. Asa G. Andrews, Mayor, i^ 



Frontispiece 



Gloucester, 1892 ....... 

William H. Jordan, Chairman Executive Committee 
^Francis Procter, Secretary . 
Charles S. Tappan 
The Executive Committee (i) 
The Executive Committee (2) 
The Executive Committee (3) 
The Executive Committee (4) 
The Executive Committee (5) 
The Executive Committee (6) 
City Officials, 1892 
First Parish Church (Unitarian) 
St. Anne's Church (Catholic) 
Portuguese Catholic Church 
First Baptist Church . 
McClure Chapel, Fishermen's Institute 
Independent Christian Church (Universalist) 
Trinity Congregational Church . 
Prospect Street Methodist Church 
Second Parish Church, West Gloucester 
St. John's Episcopal Church 
Third Parish Church, Annisquam 
Fifth Parish Church, Rockport . 
Riverdale Methodist Church 
City Hall, High School, oldest School-house 
Charles S. Marchant, Chief Engineer, Fire Department, 1892 
Stage Fort, Roger Conant House 
John L. R. Trask, D. D., Orator 
Hiram Rich, Poet 
Literary Exercises, Portraits 
Banquet Speakers, Portraits 
Banquet Speakers, Portraits 
Grand Parade, Chief Marshal and Staff 
Historical Tableaux .... 



Facing 
Page 

3 

8 



14 
16 
18 



24 
28 

38 

42 

46 

so 
54 
S6 
60 
62 
64 
66 
68 
72 
76 
82 
88 

94 
102 
136 
142 
ISO 
168 
176 
190 



X ILL USTRA TIONS. 

Floats, School Children 

Album, Gloucester, England 

Fishermen's Race, Winner Hovey Cup, Sch. " Harry L. Balden" 
Fishermen's Race, Winner Second Prize, Sch. " Nannie C. Bohlin " 
Fishermen's Race, Winner First Prize, Second Class, Sch. "Lottie S 

Haskins " 

The Old and the New, Fishing Schooners 

Address, Gloucester, England 

Officials, Gloucester, England 

Rare Views of Gloucester . 

Rare Views of Gloucester . 

The Memorial Arch . 

Historic Places .... 

Publication Committee, Portraits 

Collector, Postmaster, Historian . 

Old Gloucester Houses, Middle Street 

Old Gloucester Houses 

Gloucester Scenery 

Ye Ancient Skipper 

Old Gloucester Houses, up in Town 

Copy Guest Invitation 

Sawyer Library and other Houses 

Old Houses, West Gloucester 

Main Street Views 

Gloucester Scenery 

Gloucester Industries . 



Facing 
Page 

192 
198 

206 



212 
216 
236 
238 
248 
252 
268 
274 
280 
296 
316 
320 
322 
326 

334 
348 
35° 
358 
362 
366 
368 



gMication. 



I 



^^TT is both natural and wise to ask whence came 
wc? Let this story of old Gloucester's past 
on Sea and Land excite pride in its Two Hundred 
and Fiftieth Anniversary, and increase a generous 
loyalty toward her. These pages can give us noth- 
ing better/' 
^ W. H. R. 



Olommitte^ on guMication. 



DANIEL O. MARSHALL, Chairman. 

ARCHIE J. MOORE, Secretary. 

FRED. W. TIBBETS. 



INTRODUCTION 



THE CELEBRATION 

OF THE 

Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary 

OF THE INCORPORATION OF THE 

TOWN OF GLOUCESTER 



INTRODUCTION. 



THE Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the incorporation 
of the town of Gloucester was fittingly observed during the days 
of Aug. 24, 25, 26, 1892. 

Agitation and the appeal to public spirit through the press and in 
mass meeting ; the selection of a representative Executive Committee 
and the choice of competent sub-committees; a variety of features 
planned to interest all classes ; generous gifts of money, time, and labor 
without stint, — these, with the enthusiasm of our people, were the 
agencies which insured the success of the great celebration. 

In the beginning no other feature was reckoned of more import- 
ance than the publication of a book which should give a true and 
detailed account of the anniversary observance. With this in view a 
Publication Committee was chosen, consisting of 

Alfred F. Stickney. Freeman Putney. 

Isaac N. Story. Robert F. Leighton. 

Archie J. Moore. Miss Lucy S. Tappan. 

Miss Sarah G. Duley. 

As early as March 20, 1891, the City Council voted to ask the 
State Legislature to pass the following bill : 

"The City of Gloucester is hereby authorized to raise by taxation 
a sum not exceeding five thousand dollars for the purpose of celebrating 
the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of its incorporation as a town 



4 TIVO HUXDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

and of publishing an account of the proceedings of such celebration," 
and on the 13th of May, following, the same became an act by the 
approval of the Governor. 

One of the first appropriations made by the Executive Committee 
was the sum of one hundred and fifty dollars voted on the sixth day of 
April, 1892, for the use of the Publication Committee. nd on Sept. 
28, five hundred dollars was appropriated. 

It was decided by the original Committee on Publication to assign 
the work of collecting the material, and of preparing the manuscript 
for the printer, to Mr. Alfred F. Stickney, a man whose ability as a 
journalist, whose instinct for gathering news, and whose methodical 
habits eminently fitted him for such a task. But by reason of the 
exacting duties of his profession as editor, and on account of his sick- 
ness and death, the purpose of the committee was not realized. 

It is unfortunate that the book was not issued at the appropriate 
time, when the events of the anniversary were fresh and vivid in the 
minds of the people ; but, in the lapse of years, the original purpose 
has not been overlooked, nor the obligation to the citizens forgotten. 

The permanent memorial, prolific in suggestion and discussion, 
had well nigh absorbed all other interests for a time, but after a hearing 
before the Executive Committee, the issues were separated, and the 
present committee appointed in August, 189S, with full power to publish 
the Anniversary Proceedings. 

To take up the work begun by other hands, six years before, is not 
an easy or satisfactory task ; but the members of this committee, not 
unmindful of difficulties and disadvantages, entered upon their work 
with united purpose, and have diligently labored to give to the public 
a reliable record of the Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary Pro- 
ceedings. 

With great care and foresight Mr. Stickney had collected a large 
amount of matter touching the celebration which we have found 
invaluable. 

We have also sought from all available sources everything of 
interest concerning the Anniversary, yet we regret that our most 
diligent search has failed to find some data and a few pictures that 
would have been of considerable value. 

The committee have endeavored to bring together in one volume, 
without pretence to literary adornment, a thorough and consecutive 
account of events in respect to the celebration as they happened. 

We believe our readers will estimate the book for its value in 
keeping alive in memory the stirring experiences of Anniversary Week. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 5 

They will again share in the happy reunion of sons and daughters in 
City Hall, or call to mind the vast audience in the mammoth tent 
listening to the masterly oration, the inspired poem, the thrilling odes, 
and the stirring song. 

They will see again the white battleships in the harbor ; or watch 
the fishing vessels racing over the stormy sea. 

The school children will once more pass by in gay procession. 
Marines and soldiers step again to martial music, and the brave firemen 
stir anew the pride of the people. 

The banquet and the speeches, the life and the beauty of the ball, 
will seem like the joys of yesterday. 

We trust as well that those coming after us will prize the volume 
for what it reveals concerning the patriotic spirit of a people living in 
the quarter-millennial period after the founding of this ancient town. 

They will say of us, our fathers were careful to keep the precepts. 

'•' Look unto the rock whence ye are hewn." 

" Remove not the ancient landmark which thy fathers have set." 

We are persuaded, also, that the book will be valued by those who 
study our local history ; the comprehensive historical address by Dr. 
Trask, and the illustrations of the early and later Gloucester, contained 
in this volume, give to it a value which will increase as years go by. 



ACTION OF THE FOURTH OF JULY COMMITTEE. 



The earliest definite action looking to the suitable observance 
of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of 
Gloucester as a town was that taken by the Fourth of July Committee 
at the office of Hon. William W. French, in Rogers Block, Main Street, 
on Wednesday evening, June 17, 189 1. 

At this meeting the following resolutions were unanimously 
adopted : — 

Voted, That it is the sense of this meeting that the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of the town of Gloucester should be 
appropriately celebrated. 

Voted, That this committee propose to take hold of this celebration with 
the earnest cooperation of the City Government, the citizens of Gloucester, 
and the absent sons and daughters, and carry it through to a successful con- 
summation. 



6 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Voted, That the secretary of this meeting be authorized to issue circulars 
to the business men and the public spirited ladies, inviting them to meet with 
this committee at the adjourned meeting. 

Voted, That the City Government be requested to appoint a joint special 
committee to meet with this committee and represent the city in whatever 
arrangements are made for the celebration. 

Voted, That the secretary be authorized to notify the City Government of 
the action of this meeting. 

Voted, That when this meeting adjourns it be to Wednesday evening, 
June 24, 1891, at 8 o'clock, at Morgan's Academy Hall, in Rogers stone block 
(now the Cape Ann Savings Bank building). 

At this meeting Mr. French presided and Mr. George H. Procter 
was secretary. The initiative steps were then taken which led up to 
the successful celebration in August, 1892. 



MASS MEETING, MORGAN'S ACADEMY HALL. 



In response to the circulars issued by the Fourth of July Com- 
mittee, a large number of prominent men and women gathered at 
Morgan's Academy Hall, Rogers Block, Main Street, Wednesday even- 
ing, June 24, 1891. Hon. William W. French called the meeting to 
order, at eight o'clock, and Mr. George H. Procter was chosen secretary. 

Mr. French made a ringing speech, in which he paid a well 
merited compliment to Gloucester's patriotism from the very foundation 
of the town. From the great interest manifested at this meeting by 
the presence of so many men and women, he believed that the celebra- 
tion would now go forward to a triumphant success. 

Letters were then read from Hiram Rich, Prof. Robert F. Leigh- 
ton, David S. Presson, David I. Robinson, Michael J. McNeirney, 
Charles A. Russell, His Excellency William E. Russell, Governor, Col. 
Charles G. Thornton, Freeman Putney, Rev. F. Barrows Makepeace, 
Mrs. Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward, Miss Marion Hovey, Rev. Herbert 
D. VVard, and Rev. Thomas J. Villers ; all of these were strongly in 
favor of a suitable observance of the anniversary. 

Alderman D. Somes Watson moved, that " It be the sense of this 
meeting that a suitable celebration be held.'' 

This motion provoked able discussion, the telling points in favor 
being received with great applause. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. / 

Rev. William H. Rider said, " It will be fifty years before 
another opportunity will present itself for such a celebration. Our city 
can take a just pride in her history, her growth, and the position she 
has always maintained among the cities of the Commonwealth. The 
history of Gloucester antedates much of the political history of the 
Commonwealth and the country. Its history antedates the Pilgrims ; 
for years before they landed at Plymouth Rock John Smith skirted the 
headlands of Cape Ann and gave it a name." 

Councilman George Douglass said, " While it might be a ques- 
tion as to how the money should be raised, it was not a question as to 
whether we should have a celebration." As a native of Gloucester, he 
pledged himself to do his utmost to make it a success. 

Dr. Joseph Garland believed in the celebration which should 
have the co-operation of every citizen, both native born and by 
adoption. 

Judge James Davis said, " I am the oldest person present, and 
also a native born. My ancestors came from Wales in the seventeenth 
century, two of three brothers settling at what is now Annisquam, the 
Indian name being Wonasquam. Although growing rather old to take 
an active part, I am willing to do my part, and hope that the younger 
citizens will take hold with a will and enthusiasm so that we shall all be 
proud of the occasion." 

Rev. J. J. Healey said, "While not a native of Gloucester, no 
one has a deeper interest in her welfare. In hearty sympathy with the 
celebration, the question ought to be settled by acclamation. The 
celebration should, however, be something more than fireworks. Some 
permanent industry should be established giving employment to the 
poor. We are not rich, but there are many who could give largely 
toward such an object, not looking merely for per cent on their money." 

John C. Pierce, Esq., of Rockport, speaking as native of Glouces- 
ter's daughter, advocated such a celebration as would make the city 
larger and more prosperous. 

Rev. RuFUS P. HiBBARD said, "The more the question of the 
celebration has been brought to my mind the more I am in favor of it. 
It seems impossible for a city to exist so many years without having 
the rich treasures of her history gathered up and preserved for the 
benefit of the future. I believe that the people will unite and have a 
celebration of which every one would be justly proud." 

City Clerk John J. Somes said, " As a member of the Fourth of 
July Committee, full of pyrotechnics and brass band music, I am for 
this celebration. Born in Gloucester, and identified with all her 



8 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

interests, I believe the city has a future before it second to none other. 
Putting aside all jealousies let us be determined that this celebration 
shall be the best Gloucester ever saw." 

Mayor Asa G. Andrews said, " that he beUeved that the City 
Council would do everything possible that the celebration might be a 
success." 

Dr. George Morse said, " With scenery unsurpassed along the 
New England coast, Gloucester should make the most of such a heri- 
tage and do all that she could to advertise herself. Believing in the 
celebration, I shall do all that I can that it may be a success." 

Mr. Albert W. Bachelor, Principal of the High School, spoke 
earnestly in favor, saying among other things, " The child born on the 
' Mayflower ' was twenty-two years old at the time we commemorate. 
What other city has grown from infancy to twenty-five thousand people 
on a single industry? " 

Mr. Fred. W. Tip.bets also added a few words in favor of the 
celebration. 

Alderman Watson then withdrew his original motion and offered 
the following, which was adopted without a dissenting vote : — 

Whereas, The citizens of Gloucester in mass meeting assembled, recog- 
nizing the importance of giving suitable expression to the movement looking 
to the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the town 
in 1892, 

Resolved, That the event shall be celebrated in an appropriate manner. 

Resolved, That as citizens of Gloucester we assure the committee who 
shall have charge of this celebration, that we will assist them in every possible 
way. 

Messrs. William A. Homans, Jr., Joseph Garland, and Charles E. 
Story were appointed a committee to report a list of permanent officers. 

Messrs. Fred. W. Tibbets, Asa G. Andrews, John J. Somes, 
D. Somes Watson, George Douglass, Mrs. Mary P. Lloyd, and Mrs. 
Charles Prindall were selected to report a list of all sub-committees 
required to make the celebration a success. 

Messrs. Joseph O. Procter, Benjamin H. Corliss, John K. Dus- 
tin, Jr., who were unable to be present, sent word of their hearty 
sympathy with the movement. 

The meeting then adjourned to Wednesday evening, July i, 1891, 
at eight o'clock, at the same place. 




WILLIAM II. JOKDAX, 

President of the Celebration, 

Cliairnian Kxeentive Committee, 

Chief Marshal (imnd :Milirarv, Civic and Trades I'joces.sioi 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



ADJOURNED MEETING AND LIST OF OFFICERS. 



The adjourned meeting was held Wednesday evening, July i, 189 1, 
when the following officers were elected and the work of the celebratiori 
was fairly begun : — 

PRESIDENT. 

William H. Jordan. 



SECRETARY. 

Francis Procter. 



TREASURER. 

Charles S. Tappan. 



VICE-PRESIDENTS. 



Augustus H. Wonson. 
Benjamin H. Corliss. 
James Davis. 
Robert R. Fears. 
Allan Rogers. 
Joseph Garland. 
John S. Parsons. 
William H. Wonson, 3d. 
David I. Robinson. 
William W French. 
Edgar J. Sherman. 
John S. Tappan. 
Leonard A. Eurnham. 
Daniel D. Saunders. 
William H. Nichols. 
George Dennis. 
Charles H. Boynton. 
George Garland. 
Nathaniel Webster. 
Sylvanus Smith. 
George Norwood. 
Charles Douglass. 
Charles Parkhurst. 
Charles P. Wood. 
Ignatius B. Sylvester. 
George P. Rust. 
Epes Say ward. 
David Prindall. 
John H. Stacy. 



Fitz W. Winter. 
Andrew Elwell. 
John Clark. 
John C. Calef. 
Benjamin S. Brazier. 
Charles E. Grover. 
Samuel T. Rowe. 
Francis Bennett. 
Timothy A. Langsford. 
J. Warren Wonson. 
Samuel Haskell. 
Edward Lloyd. 
Abel King. 

Nehemiah D. Cunningham. 
Charles D. Pettingell. 
Epes Davis, Jr. 
Samuel S. Thurston. 
John P. Honnors. 
Daniel Allen. 
Thomas L. Parsons. 
Thomas L. Tarr. 
Elbridge H. Friend. 
Jesper Richardson. 
Charles S. Marchant. 
Samuel Lane. 
O. Augustus Merrill. 
William Tucker. 
William Adams. 
Oliver S. Emerton. 
Frederick Gilbert. 



lO 



TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



George Douglass. 
Howard G. Lane. 
Charles P. Thompson. 
Fitz J. Babson. 
Jonas H. French. 
William E. Russell. 
Benjamin F. Cook. 
Henry S. Hovey. 
Samuel A. Stacey. 
William A. Pew. 
David Plumer. 
John Corliss. 
William Babson. 
George Steele. 
James H. Mansfield. 
William H. Haskell. 
Cyrus Story. 
Gustavus Babson. 
George Clark. 
Samuel Curtis. 
George J. Tarr. 
James G. Tarr. 
John Lloyd. 
Sargent S. Day. 
John L. Stanley. 
George R. Lane. 
William M. Gaffney. 
Jacob Tucker. 
John E. Somes. 
J. Lemuel Shepherd. 
Alfred Presson. 
John J. Somes. 
Charles H. Pew. 
Edwin O. Parsons. 
Solomon Sargent. 
Denmark Procter. 
Theodore Parsons. 
Edward S. Currier. 
Henry Friend. 
Alfred Cressy. 
Benjamin Haskell. 
John Low Babson. 
John Procter. 
Francis Procter. 
John W. Bray. 
Joseph O. Procter. 



Willard S. Griffin. 
Solomon Poole. 
Moses Tarr. 
Austin D. Elwell. 
Isaac Adams. 
F. W. A. Bergengren. 
Herbert D. Ward. 
Benjamin F. Butler. 
Benjamin S. Calef. 
George H Somes. 
Charles F. Farrington. 
Charles A. Haskell. 
T. Fletcher Oakes. 
F. Gordon Morrill. 
Edward C. Richardson. 
James Mellen. 
Bryant G. Smith. 
Francis M. Sprague. 
Daniel A. Buckley. 
Charles G. Thornton. 
Thomas J. Villers. 
Rufus P. Hibbard. 
George Dana Saunders. 
William H. Rider. 
Isaac A. S. Steele. 
David W. Low. 
Edward Dolliver. 
Edward B. Buckingham. 
Luther S. Bent. 
Samuel E. Chamberlin. 
Albert E. Carpenter. 
Louis C. Elson. 
Walter B. Gay. 
J. Theodore Heard. 
Andrew Lee. 
Thomas D. Mason. 
George E. I\Iitchell. 
William F. McDonald. 
Charles J Peters 
Henry S. Shaw. 
C. Granville Way. 
Charles H. Hull. 
Jeremiah J. Healey. 
Charles W. Regan. 
George W. Penniman. 
Albert Watkins. 




FRANCIS PROCTER, 

Secretary of the Celebration and Executive Coiimiittee. 
Chairman Press Committee 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



II 



William P. Dolliver. 
J. Everett Garland. 
Eben B. Bray. 
D. Elwell Woodbury. 
Andrew Burnham. 
Michael Gaftney. 
Simon Harraden. 
Nathaniel D. Hodgkins. 
Isaac P. Morse. 
Simeon B. Trask. 
James S. Jewett. 
David Parkhurst. 
Henry C. L. Haskell. 
Joshua Sanborn. 
Edward O. GafFney. 
Edward S. Eveleth. 
Joseph Say ward. 
Samuel N. Hardy. 
William H. Wonson. 
John Ellery. 
Barnard Stan wood. 
Lonson D. Nash. 
William Somes. 



Robert F. Leighton. 
George J. Marsh. 
Sylvester Cunningham. 
George Merchant, Jr. 
George A. Upton. 
F. Barrows Makepeace. 
Charles P. Bennett. 
Amos A. Story. 
John P. Procter. 
Calvin W. Sargent. 
Benjamin Ellery. 
Edward S. Hawkes. 
John Robinson 
George Lane. 
Charles B. Presson. 
Samuel A. Bray. 
Joseph Say ward. 
Alfred Mansfield. 
Henry A. Burnham. 
William Procter. 
Charles Marchant. 
George H. Shepherd. 
W. Frank Parsons. 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 



William H. Jordan. 
Asa G. Andrews. 
John J. Somes. 
Wilmot A. Reed. 
William D. Lufkin. 
Francis Procter. 
Erastus Howes. 
John F. Bickford. 
William W. French. 
Fitz Mcintosh. 
Henry S. Hovey. 
D. Somes Watson. 
George H. Procter. 



Mrs. Thomas Conant. 
William A. Homans, Jr. 
Joseph C. Shepherd. 
George W. Ouinn. 
David S. Presson. 
Alfred F. Stickney. 
David M. Hilton. 
Sylvester Cunningham. 
James B. Pringle. 
William Thompson. 
George Douglass. 
Mary P. Lloyd. 
Charles H. Gamage. 



FINANCE. 



Asa G. Andrews. 
Charles F. Wonson. 
William W. French. 
Charles H. Pew. 
William Thompson. 



William A. King. 
Joseph O. Procter. 
Henry H. Bennett. 
Burt Emerson. 
Maylon Watson. 



12 



TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



George A. Davis. 
William E. Dennis. 
Benjamin F. Cook. 
Martin V, Burke. 



William A. Romans, Jr. 
Gorham Davis. 
Andrew J. Rowe. 
Charles G. Thornton. 



FISHERIES EXHIBIT. 



William H. Jordan. 
David I. Robinson. 
E. Archer Bradley. 
Benjamin Low. 
David B. Smith. 
Jeremiah Foster. 
Charles F. Wonson. 
Asa G. Andrews. 
D. Somes Watson. 
William H. Pomeroy. 
Alfred F. Stickney. 
Alden O. Gilpatrick. 
Stephen J. Martin. 



Augustus F. Cunningham. 
George Dennis. 
Charles H. Gamage. 
George Douglass. 
Alfred Thurston. 
John Collins. 
Francis Procter. 
George H. Perkins. 
Mrs. Jonas H. French. 
Mrs. William W. French, 
Mrs. William H. Jordan. 
Mrs. William Thompson. 
Mrs. Asa G. Andrews. 



INVITATION OF GUESTS. 



John J. Somes. 
Asa G. Andrews. 
William W. French. 
Jonas H. French. 
John Corliss. 
Fred W. Tibbets. 
Addison P. Wonson. 



Charles P. Thompson. 
William E Russell. 
George H. Procter. 
Edward Dolliver. 
D. Somes Watson. 
Henry Center. 
William A. Pew. 



PARADE. 



William H. Jordan. 
Jonas H. French. 
Charles A. Russell. 
William H. Rider. 
Benjamin F, Cook. 
Austin B. Bray. 
Charles C. Cressy. 
David O. Frost. 
Warren A. Bennett. 
William A. Homans, Jr. 
William H. Perkins. 
Addison P. Burnham. 
William W. French. 



Herbert C. Taft. 
Charles W. Crowe. 
Joseph C. Shepherd. 
Richard P O'Reilly. 
William T. Merchant. 
Frank A. Wonson. 
Samuel W. Brown. 
John E. Thurston. 
George Morse. 
Thomas Conant. 
George H. Procter. 
David B. Smith. 
John C. Pierce. 




CHARLES S. TAITAX, 
Treasurer of the celeljratioii, and Executive Committee. 



OF THE TOWJV OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



PERMANENT MEMORIAL. 



George Douglass. 
George Morse. 
David Plumer. 
John E. Somes. 
George R. Bradford. 
Fitz H. Lane. 
Charles Babson. 
James G. Tarr. 
Albert W. Bacheler. 
Joseph Garland. 
Isaac A. S. Steele. 
Rufus P. Hibbard. 
John D. Davis. 
George W. Procter. 
Benjamin H. Corliss, Jr, 
Albert VVatkins. 
Jeremiah J. Healey. 
George D. Sanders. 
George W. Penniman. 
Francis Procter. 
Alex. Pattillo. 



Michael J, McNeirny. 

Augustus H. Wonson. 

Fitz E. Riggs. 

John A. Dennison. 

William F, Moore. 

Calvin W. Swift. 

Aaron Parsons. 
John J. Pew. 
James Davis. 
John S. Parsons. 
Daniel Bray. 
Herbert D. Ward. 
Jacob Tucker. 
Alfred Mansfield. 
William H. Rider. 
Thomas J. Villers. 
George W. Mansfield. 
Charles W. Regan. 
Sidney F. Haskell. 
Edward Dolliver. 



DECORATIONS. 



William D. Lufkin. 
Fred E. Bradstreet. 
Charles A. Mason. 
Addison Center. 
Charles S. Lloyd. 
George E. Hall. 
William S. Burnham. 
Alex. Pattillo. 
Charles L. Higgins. 
Reuben Brooks. 
Daniel H. Wallace. 



Mrs. Lizzie W. Clark. 

Mrs.' George H. Perkins. 
Mrs. Lucy E. Friend. 
Mrs. Georgie A. Center. 

Mrs. William W. French. 
Mrs. Louise P. Low. 
Miss Edith Grover. 
Miss May Pattillo. 
John W. Rowe. 
Frank R. Procter. 



William A. Homans, Jr. 
D. Somes Watson. 
Walter G. Tyzzer. 
William H. Pomeroy. 
Austin A. Spaulding. 
Fred S. Thompson. 
S. Oliver Saville. 
Arthur H. Wonson. 



MUSIC. 



Mrs. Preston Friend. 
Mrs. George H, Newell. 
Mrs. George Douglass. 
Mrs. Freeman Putney. 
Albert Center. 
Charles H. M. Hazel. 
Osborne W. Lane. 
Willard F. Collins. 



14 



TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



PRINTING. 



Joseph C. Shepherd. 
Charles H. Gamage. 
William H. Perkins. 
James H. Tarr. 
Harvey C. Smith. 



Samuel L. Merchant. 
Fred. A. Shackleford. 
George L. Jeffery. 
Benjamin F. Ellery. 



CARRIAGES AND TRANSPORTATION. 



George W. Quinn. 
Edward L. Rowe. 
William F. Hilton. 
Henry P. Dennen. 
William H. H. Davis. 
Waldo Babson. 



George K. Barnard. 
Henry S. McCulloch. 
Moses H. Cotton. 
Herbert C. Taft. 
Andrew J. Rowe. 



SCHOOL CHILDREN AND CHILDREN'S ENTERTAINMENT. 



Charles H. Gamage. 
Freeman Putney. 
Albert W. Bacheler. 
Herbert C. Taft. 
Albert W. Clarke. 
Xenephon D. Tingley. 
Miss Isabelle D. Babson. 
Miss Ida M. Upham. 
Miss Mary H. Tibbets. 
Miss Susanne S. Center. 
Miss Katie J. Fardy. 
Miss Carrie H. Sawyer. 
Miss Jennie F. Steele. 
Miss Mary F. Duffy. 
Miss Ida M. Procter. 



Miss Martha A. Morey. 
Miss Mary S. Priestly. 
Miss Honora Lane. 
Miss Hattie E. Wheeler. 
Miss Mary C. Whalen. 
Miss Bertha Lane. 
Miss Isabelle N. Kennedy. 
Miss Annie S. Millard. 
Miss Annie S. Webber. 
Miss Annie M. Lakeman. 
Miss Ida E. Wonson. 
Miss A. Maude Bray. 
Mrs. Clara Benton. 
Mrs. Mary P. Lloyd. 



FISHERMAN'S RACE. 



William Thompson. 
Roger W. Wonson. 
D. Sherman Tarr. 
Nathaniel Babson. 
William Parsons. 



Henry S. Hovey. 
John McLaughlin. 
Frank H. Gaffney. 
Thomas A. Irving. 



John E. Thurston. 
Thomas Hodge. 
Jeremiah Foster. 
William F. Moore. 
William Cronin. 



YACHTING. 



George J. Marsh. 
Asa T. Gifford. 
Frank O. Smothers. 
Bennett Griffin. 



,V-<"*'-^^\y 




»..♦••• 



William W. French, 

Banquet. 
Joseph C. Shepherd, 

Printi7ig. 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

Xenephon D. Tingley, 

School Children. 

Henry S. Hovey, 

Yachting. 

James R. Pringle, 

Historical Tableaux, 



William A. Romans, Jr., 
Music. 
George H. Procter, 
Literary Exercises. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



15 



Horatio Babson. 
Henry F. Sanford. 
Samuel D. Hildreth. 
Gilman S. Harvey. 
Alden O. Gilpatrick. 
George Douglass. 
Kilby W. Shute. 
James M. Publicover. 
James R. Pringle. 
James A. Stetson. 
Philip H. Goldthwait. 



James R. Steele. 
James D. Stacy. 
William M. McKenzie 
Loring B. Haskell. 
William H. Blatchford. 
Charles F. Young. 
Willard B. Publicover. 
James H, Brooks. 
Benjamin H. Spinney. 
John A Hawson. 
Samuel M. Shute. 



HALLS AND TENTS. 



D. Somes Watson. 
Charles Prindall. 
David L. Davis. 

Samuel Smith, 2d. 
Arthur E. Rowe. 
John D Woodbury. 
Edward E. Saville. 
William A. Procter, 



Augustus Hubbard. 
Samuel V. Colby. 
John Morgan. 
Moses S. Babson. 
James L. Shute. 
Thales Curtis. 
Aaron F. Clark. 



HISTORIC PLACES AND MEMORIAL TABLETS. 



David S. Presson. 
George J. Marsh. 
Joseph L. Stevens. 



David W. Low. 
George E. Merchant. 
Mrs. Maria H. Bray. 



PUBLICATION OF PROCEEDINGS. 

Alfred F. Stickney. Robert F. Leighton. 

Freeman Putney. Miss Lucy S. Tappan. 

Archie J. Moore. Miss Sarah G. Duley. 

Isaac N. Storv. 



RECEPTION OF THE PRESS. 



Francis Procter. 
James R. Pringle. 
Walter F. Osborne. 



Sidney F. Haskell. 
George W. Scott. 



FIREWORKS AND ILLUMINATIONS 

Fitz Mcintosh. 
Charles W. Luce. 
Joseph Parsons. 



Freeman D. Hodsdon. 
Silas S. Tarr. 
Fred L. Stacy. 



i6 



Tiro HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Everett P. Wonson. 
Addison P. Biunham. 
Patrick J. Foley. 



James R. Pringle, 
George Steele, Jr. 
Winslow L. Webber. 
Archibald N. Donahue. 
Fitz E. Oakes, Jr. 
Howard F. Ingersoll. 
James Crawley. 
John J. Somes. 



Edgar S. Taft. 
Charles S. Bott. 



TABLEAUX. 



Benjamin C. Cook. 

Chester Marr. 

Charles E. Story. 

Mrs. Eva T. Cook. 

Mrs. Charles F. Wonson. 

Mrs. Mary P. Lloyd. 

Mrs. William J. Maddocks. 



SALUTE AND BELL RINGING. 



Erastus Howes. 
Clarence E. Richardson. 
Sargent S. Day. 
William J. Maddocks. 



E. Gilbert Winchester. 
Edward A. Story. 
William F". Ireland. 
Sidney Gardner. 



SPORTS. 



Wilmot A. Reed. 
Fred A. Pearce. 
Patrick J. Foley. 
N. Maddix, Jr. 
Conrad R. Hanson. 
Charles E. Lane. 
Frank H. Shute. 
Charles A. Jacobs. 
Almon B. Cook. 
Addison P. Burnham. 
Clarence E. Wright. 
Walter F. Osborne. 
Andrew Leighton. 
Edward G. Hoda.kiss. 



George H. Newell. 
Winslow W. McMillan. 
George E. McDonald. 
John W. Thomas. 
Benjamin F. EUery. 
Finlay A. Docherty. 
Alfred Thurston. 
Gardner W. Tarr. 
Edward S. Currier. 
Edward S. Griffin. 
Archie J. Moore. 
Arthur L. Millett. 
William G. Procter. 



LITERARY EXERCISES. 



George H. ^Procter. 
William H. Rider. 
Daniel O. Marshall. 
Benjamin H. Corliss. 
Allan Rogers. 
Charles P. Thompson. 
David L Robinson. 



John K. Dustin, Jr. 
Hiram Rich, 
John C. Pierce. 
Henry A. Parmenter. 
Nathan H. Phillips. 
John J. Flaherty. 



y^^l 



,.•••••••., 




George Douglass, 
Permanent Memorial. 
D. Somes Watson, 
ifalls a7id Tents. 



EXECUTIVE COMAHTIEE. 

Mrs. Thomas Coiiant, 

Flowers. 

Horatio Balson, 

-Fishermen\s Race. 

Mrs. .John Lloyd, 

Art a7id Loan. 



George R. Jiiadfonl, 
Permanent Memorial. 
John McLaughlin, 
Ya';liti7ig. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



17 



BANQUET. 



William W. French. 
W. Frank Parsons. 
George Todd. 
John J. Stanwood. 
Joseph O. Procter, Jr. 
Charles A. Russell. 
Charles F. Wonson. 
Parker H. Burnham. 
John Lloyd. 
Fitz J. Babson, Jr. 
Asa G. Andrews. 

Sylvester Cunningham. 
Asa G. Andrews. 
John H. Dunnels. 
Howard Steele. 
Edward P. Ring. 
Preston Friend. 
John S. Presson. 
Joseph H. Rowe. 
Enoch Burnham. 
Robert T. Babson. 
Thomas L. Tarr. 
Benjamin A. Hotchkiss. 
Cornelius Coakley. 
Aaron C. Lloyd. 
Everett Babson. 



BALL. 



Abbott Coffin. 
John J. Flaherty. 
David I. Robinson. 
John Q. Bennett. 
Charles S. Marchant. 
Elias P. Burnham. 
Melvin H. Perkins. 
William T. Merchant. 
John B. Freeman. 
Charles B. Presson. 



Edward Dolliver. 
Charles S. Tappan. 
Leonard J, Presson. 
Fred A. Barker. 
Addison P. Burnham. 
Benjamin A. Smith. 
Frank F. Smith. 
Everett E. Webster. 
Albert P. Babson. 
Ralph W. Perkins. 
Frank C. Parmenter. 
Richard C. Steele. 
William T. Shute. 
William T. Cunningham, 
Wilbur F. Locke. 



NAVAL SQUADRON. 



John F. Bickford. 
William Reblin. 
' Benjamin F. Blatchford. 
Robert Tarr. 
Robert C. McKenzie. 
James T, Seaver. 
Edward E. Bowman. 
Martin V. Burke. 
Edward B. Center. 
John J. Davis. 



James R. Somes. 
Fred Allen, Jr. 
Harry F. Bray. 
Ezra L. Phillips. 
Edward C. Friend. 
Lemuel Friend. 
Joseph Green. 
Fitz E. Griffin. 
Matthias Johnson. 
John T. Russell. 



CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE. 



David M. 
Edwin L. 



Hilton. 
Lane. 



Joseph M. Marsh. 
Henry A. Spates. 



TPVO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



George W. Smith. 
Charles J. Gray. 
William H. Dennen. 
Norman Saville. 
Leverett E. Smith. 
Edward H. Griffin. 
Adam P. Stoddart. 
Frank H, Bingham. 
Addison Witham. 
Horatio N. Andrews. 
Charles H. Morrow. 
John W. Day. 



George E. Higgins. 
Walter H. Andrews. 
Calvin F. Hopkins. 
George A. Smith. 
John H. Lovett. 
George Collins. 
Charles H. Parsons. 
Walter L. Rowe. 
George H. Morton. 
John A. Coffin. 
Samuel Tarr, Jr. 
Walter Cressy. 



FLOWERS. 



Mrs. Thomas Conant. 
Mrs. Edward Dolliver. 
Mrs. William H. Jordan, 
Mrs. John E. Somes. 
Mrs. Fred A. Barker. 
Mrs. Joseph O. Procter, Jr. 
Mrs. William Thompson. 
Mrs. Francis Procter. 
Mrs. Henry H. Bennett. 
Mrs. Jonas H. French. 
Mrs. Charles B. Bresson. 
Mrs. William A. Homans, Jr, 
Mrs. James S. Jewett. 
Mrs. Abbie S. Morse. 
Mrs. Sarah F. Fisher. 
Mrs. Charles Bott. 
Mrs. Abbott Coffin. 
Mrs. William C. Dolliver. 
Mrs. Nathaniel Babson. 
Mrs. William T. Shute. 
Mrs. Warren A. Bennett. 
Mrs, George H. Procter. 
Mrs. John J. Stanwood. 
Mrs. Charles C. Cressy. 
Mrs. Gardner W. Tarr. 
Mrs, Hiram Rich. 
Mrs. Addison Burnham. 
Mrs, Burt Emerson. 
Mrs. George W. Quinn. 
Mrs. Andrew J. Rowe. 
Mrs. William H. Perkins, 



Miss Eliza Rogers. 
Miss Grace Thompson. 
Miss Nettie Parsons. 
Miss Nellie M. Davis. 
Miss Marietta Wonson. 
Miss Marion B. Presson. 
Miss Harriet Bennett. 
Miss Sarah K. Pew. 
Miss Sally Parsons. 
3Jiss Amanda Low. 
Miss Carrie F. Hopkins. 
Miss Blanche Sanford. 
Miss Amanda S. Davis. 
Miss Lottie K. Friend. 
Miss Tina Poole. 
Miss Minnie Dowdell. 
Miss Lizzie Steele. 
Miss Susie Wonson. 
Miss Alice j\L Wonson. 
Miss May Carr. 
Miss Grace Frazier. 
Miss Lottie S. Morton. 
Miss Mary P. Lloyd. 
Miss Lucy Babson. 
Miss Carrie Crane. 
Miss May Cunningham. 
Miss Kitty Perkins. 
Miss Fannie Lane. 
Miss Carrie Lane. 
Miss Maggie O'Reilly. 
Miss Flossie Wonson. 






EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 




Wilmot A. Reed, 
Sports. 


Alfred F. Stickney, 

Publication o.f Proceedings. 
John F. Bickford, 


(ieorge W. Quinn, 
Carriages. 


Fitz Mcintosh, 
Fireworks. 


Naval Committee. 
David S. Presson, 
Historic Places, 


William I). Lufkin, 
Decorations. 



OF THE TOWN Of GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



19 



Mrs. Samuel Curtis, Jr. 
Mrs. Isaac H. Higgins. 
Mrs. Edwin H. Lane. 
Mrs. Fred E. Bradstreet. 
Miss Alice C. Smith. 
Mrs. Cornelius Coakley. 
Mrs. Everett E. Webster. 
Mrs. Samuel V, Colby. 
Mrs. Abby Davis. 
Mrs. Seth L. Cole. 
Mrs. John W. C. Downes. 
Mrs. George P. Rust. 
Mrs, Sarah A. Gove. 
James Ingersoll. 
Seth L. Cole. 
John Cronin. 
James Eennie. 



Miss Eva Cook. 
Miss Carrie Lufkin. 
Miss Julia C. Marr. 
Miss M. Addie Tarr. 
Miss Cora Smith. 
Miss Grace Smith. 
Miss Alice Richardson. 
Miss Alice Jordan. 
Miss Annie Jordan. 
Miss Nannie Parker. 
Miss Nellie Perkins. 
Miss Flora Elwell. 
Miss Mary Stacy. 
Fred. B. Barrington. 
Osman O. Earle. 
George H. Pulsifer. 
James H. Tracy. 



LOAN AND ART EXHIBIT. 



Mrs. Mary P. Lloyd. Geor 

Mrs. Ellen M. Bunce. Mrs. 

Mrs. William W. French. Mrs. 

Mrs. Charles Prindall. Mrs. 

Mrs. John J. Somes. Mrs. 

Mrs. John Ellery. Mrs. 

Mrs. John S. Tappan. Mrs. 

Mrs. Charles S. Tappan. Mrs. 

Mrs. Louise P. Low. Mrs. 

Mrs. Judith M. Todd. Mrs. 

Mrs. David Plumer. Mrs. 

Mrs. D. Somes Watson. Mrs. 

Mrs. Thomas B. Ferguson. Mrs. 

Mrs. Annie W. Hapgood. Mrs. 

Mrs. Henry Center. Mrs. 

Mrs. George Steele. Mrs. 

Mrs. J. Franklin Dyer. Mrs. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Mrs. 

Ward. Mrs. 

Mrs. Asa G. Andrews. Mrs. 

Mrs. William H. Pomeroy. Mrs. 

Miss Marian Hovey. Miss 

Miss Ida Tappan. Miss 

Miss Susan Mansfield. Miss 

Miss Susie Babson. Miss 

Miss Maria Lormg. Miss 



ge H, Morse. 
Geo. Marble Wonson. 
Thomas J. Knowles. 
William G. Procter. 
William D. Lufkin. 
Sophia J. Tuck. 
Joseph O. Procter. 
Simeon A. Burnham. 
, Bennett Griffin. 
Aspacio Stripp. 
Sarah A. Sherburne. 
George H. Rogers. 
Jeremiah Foster. 
John E. Thurston. 
Sarah M. Johnson. 
Francis W. Homans. 
David S. Presson. 
Charles H. Hildreth. 
Leonard J. Presson. 
Howard Steele. 
Wilmot A. Reed. 
Lucy Burnham. 
Laura Wonson. 
Julia Babson. 
Clara Corliss. 
Josie Dolliver. 



X 



20 



TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Miss Nellie Wonson. 
Miss Annie DoUiver. 
George O. Stacy. 
Thomas Conant. 
Addison Center. 
Charles D. Brown. 
George B. Stevens. 
Alfred Brooks. 
Herbert Presson. 
J. Howard Procter. 
Charles Say ward. 
Andrew W. Dodd. 
George M. Wonson. 



Miss Georgie Parsons. 
Miss Hattie Clough. 
John J. Stanwood. 
John S. Webber. 
Edward H. Lane. 
John Anderson. 
Seymour S. Hartwell. 
George W. Harvey. 
John B. Foster. 
John Thurston. 
Addison Wonson. 
Fred G. Wonson. 
Elliott Adams. 



RECEPTION AND INFORMATION COMMITTEE. 



Asa G. Andrews. 
Francis Procter. 
Charles H. Carnage. 

D. Sonies Watson. 
Fitz Mcintosh. 
George W. Quinn. 
George Douglass. 
James W. Thomas. 
Joseph Parsons. 
William F. Moore. 
Silas S. Tarr. 

E. Gilbert Winchester. 
Henry P. Dennen. 
David L. Davis. 
Nathaniel Babson. 
Moses H. Cotton. 
Alden O. Gilpatrick. 
Charles F. Young. 
Robert R. Fears. 
Allan Rogers. 
Joseph Garland. 
William H. Wonson, 3d. 
Benj. F. Cook. 
William A. Pew. 
James H. Mansfield. 
Henry Center. 

Albert W. Bacheler. 
Thomas B. Ferguson. 
Charles A. Russell. 
Edgar S. Taft. 



E. Herman Rust. 
Fred T. Hall. 
William J. Harris. 
Sidney H. Savage. 
Charles D. Brown. 
John Favor. 
Herman E. Poole. 
Chresten Nelson. 
Frank E. Davis. 
Thomas Renton. 
Archie J. Moore. 
Samuel S. Thurston. 
William H. Gardner. 
William H. Oakes. 
Hazen L. Follansbee. 
John Cunningham. 
Adam P. Stoddart. 
George O. Tuck. 
J. Osborne Bradstreet. 
William P. Davis. 
William N. LePage. 
Edgar S. Merchant. 
Alexander Pattillo. 
A. Manton Pattillo. 
Charles Jacobs. 
John W. C. Downes. 
Daniel B. Gaffney. 
Andrew P. Lufkin. 
William R. Caig. 
George W. Scott. 




Sylvester Cunningham, 

Ball Oommittee. 
David M. Hilton, 
Construction Committee. 



EXEC UTl \ E C( )y\ .AIITTEE. 

William Thompson, Capt. Richard ]'. ( >'Rein.v. 

Fishermen's Jiace Committee. 
Maj. William A. Pew, Jr. Lieut. William J. Crawley. 

Lieut. Winfleld S. Dennison. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER. MASS. 



21 



John C. Pierce. 

Charles S. Tappan. 

Erastus Howes. 

Archibald N. Donahoe. 

Nathaniel Maddix, Jr. 

Clarence E. Richardson. 

William H. Blatchford. 

George H. Oakes. 

Samuel Smith, 2d. 

William H. Pomeroy. 

Edward A. Story. 

William H. Perkins. 

Charles E. Lane. 

B. Frank Ellery. 

Alfred Thurston. 

Edward A. Currier. 

Fred A. Shackelford. 

William F. Ireland. 

David I. Robinson. 

William W. French. 

John S. Parsons. 

Jonas H. French. 

John J. Somes. 

Edward Dolliver. 

Freeman Putney. 
Xenephon D. Tingley. 

William A. Homans, Jr. 
Fred. W. Tibbets. 
Addison P. Burnham. 
George H. Procter. 
Joseph C. Shepherd. 
Albert S. Garland. 
J. Everett Garland. 
Thomas Conant. 
Sumner F. Ouimby. 
Charles H. Morrow. 
Dr. George Morse. 
Charles W. Stockman. 
Edward B. Hallett. 
Gilbert N. Jones. 
Francis W. Homans. 
Nathan Jacobs. 
William H. Jordan. 
William A. King. 
Fitz E. Oakes. 
George Perkins. 



John J. Wilson. 

Patrick Kennedy. 

Hiram W. Buffinton. 

Charles O. Davis. 

Isaac H. Higgins. 

Samuel Rust. 

Nehemiah Procter. 

Edwin Hazel. 

Augustus E. Price. 

Fred L. Davis. 

Howard F. Smith. 

Daniel T. Babson. 

George Parsons, 2d. 

Elisha Brown. 

Frank O. Griffin. 

Addison Plumer. 

Frederick Allen. 

William Bennett. 

Moses S. Bly. 

Arthur M. Lycett. 

William E. Dennis. 

Charles M. Gilgore. 

Samuel Marston. 
Daniel Allen, Jr. 
James F. Patten. 
Arthur E. Her rick. 
Moses Barrett. 
David G. Allen. 
William G. Brown. 
Edward B. Center. 
Sidney S. Sylvester. 
Nelson M. Johnson. 
Frank Miller. 
John J. McDonald. 
Nathaniel Bartles. 
James R. Pringle. 
Henry Wilson. 
S. Walter Adams. 
T. Henry G. Douglass. 
John W. Brown. 
Joseph A. Procter. 
Benjamin R. Collins. 
Orlando Garland. 
William N. Fisher. 
Charles E. Fisher. 
Albert S. Maddocks. 



22 



7-iVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIErH ANNIVERSARY 



John T. Knight. 
Norman A, Jacobs. 
Preston O. Wass. 
Fred E. Ford. 
Enslb Smith. 
Walter W. VVonson. 
Elbridge G. Friend. 
Edward K. Burnham. 
Michael Walen. 
Charles H. Reed. 
Freeman H. Abbott. 
Fred Norwood. 
Henry R. Smith. 
Henry A. Burnham. 
Robert F. Leighton. 
John K. Dustin, Jr. 
Thomas Hodge. 
William H. Gardner. 
William Cronin. 
John J. Pew. 
Hiram Rich. 
John Gott. 
Joseph O. Procter. 
Henry A. Parmenter. 
David S. Tarr. 
Samuel G. Poole. 
Roger W. Wonson. 
Fred G. Wonson. 
John F. Wonson. 
William C. Wonson. 
George R. Bradford. 
Sidney F. Haskell. 
Henry Souther. 
Monson L. Wetherell. 
James S. Ayer. 
Benjamin Low. 
Charles Gardner. 
William Parsons. 
John J. Flaherty. 
Michael J. McNeirny. 
Patrick J. Foley. 
Edward Babson. 
J. Sidney Allen. 
Albert S. Dodge. 
Joseph Dann. 
Slade Gorton. 



Edward W Howe. 
Daniel S. Tarr. 
Peter Nichols. 
William H. Friend. 
John W. Upham. 
Charles O. Howard. 
Simeon A. Burnham. 
John Gott. 
Joseph H. Perry. 
Augustus A. White. 
Josejjh H. Perry. 
Farrell J. Duguo. 
Abraham B. Duguo. 
Duart A. Mitchell. 
Augustus S. Morehouse. 
John W. Moran. 
John Morrisc. 
John F. Holloran. 
Daniel B. Hodgkins. 
Edward T. Hodgkins. 
Emory Hodgkins. 
John P. Hodgkins. 
Edward Hearn. 
Joel R. Estabrook. 
Antoine Silva, Jr. 
David M. Simms. 
Walter F. Fuller. 
Charles Saunders. 
John Hawson. 
Edward Hodgkins. 
Ray S. Friend. 
Epes E. Friend. 
William H. O'Brien. 
James H. Richardson. 
John T. Hodge. 
Charles E. Parkhurst. 
Walter F. Osborne. 
Peter Sinclair. 
Frank R. Wonson. 
John D. Woodbury. 
Winslow L. Webber. 
William B. Coombs. 
Joseph Friend. 
Benjamin M. G rover. 
Ernest H. Wonson. 
William j;. Lufkin. 




George H. Morton. 
Nathaniel Maddix, Jr. 
Alvah Prescott. 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

Aldermen. 

Charles H. Gamage. 
Harvey C. Smith. 



Adam P. Stoddart. 

Archibald N. Donahue. 

Erastus Howes. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



23 



Fred L. Davis. 
Joseph VV. Lufkin. 
Sherman J. Carter. 
John M. Rogers. 
Edward Steele. 
Henry O. Smith. 
George A. Upton. 
John J. Kevany, 
William^Cronin. 
James C. Richardson. 
John S. Chamberline. 
George L. Garland. 
StiHman Rice. 
Wilmarth Merrill. 
Howard H. Oakes. 
Edward S. Griffin. 
James Pettigrew. 
Daniel Allen, Jr. 
Alphonso M. Burnham. 
Ira Andrews. 
John S. Dolliver. 
Charles C. Cressy. 
William C. Dolliver. 
William A. Hodgkins, 3d. 
Harvey C. Smith. 
Henry H. Bott. 
Charles Piper. 
Albert Lane. 
Benjamin F. Allen. 
Louis Saunders. 
Pindar F. Buzzell. 
Herman L. Lane. 
David W. Low. 
Peter A. Chisholm. 
Charles A. Boynton. 
Melvin Haskell. 
Howard Haskell. 
William M. Lane. 
Charles F. Lane. 
Fitz H. Lane. 
Thaddeus Griffin. 
D. Augustus White. 
John Remby. 
Samuel C. Douglass. 
Eli Jackman. 
Joseph S. Merchant. 



Charles E. Story. 
William A. Homans, Jr. 
Patrick J. Foley. 
Sidney R. Harvey. 
Alonzo F. Harvey. 
Israel C. Mayo. 
William J. Maddocks. 
William A. Maddix. 
Frank C. Pearce. 
John Parker. 
Edward A. Somes. 
Joseph D. Lloyd. 
William B. Davis. 
George O. Stacy. 
Harvey Wheeler, Jr. 
Andrew D. Wheeler. 
Otis S. Fears. 
John M. O'Reilly. 
Adolph Voss. 
John S. Correa. 
Joseph Perry. 
Benjamin Frazier. 
Manuel D. Martin. 
George D. Wharf. 
George W. Wharf. 
Jeremiah R. .Smith. 
Edward E. Saville. 
Henry H. Roberts. 
James C. Martin. 
Arthur C. Thurston. 
AVilliam Williams. 
Walter L. Rowe. 
Albert Duley. 
John M. Emerson. 
Arthur H. Rowe. 
George M. McNeal. 
John H. McDonough. 
George E. Thurston. 
Seymour A. Walen. 
Seth Stockbridge. 
William T. Wonson. 
Samuel G. Wonson. 
Henry F. Sanford. 
William H. Cross. 
Isaac D. Clough. 
Elias M. Clough. 



24 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Fitz B. Thomas. 
George Sayward. 
Samuel Montgomery, 
Epes Sayward. 
Samuel Curtis, Jr. 
James L. Bott. 
Marcellus ISunker. 
George H. Dennis. 
Charles A. Reed. 
John A. Coffin. 
Charles C. Saville. 
John S. Rogers. 
Samuel P. Smith. 
Thomas H. Hunt. 
John J. Lakeman. 
Edward L. Norris. 
James M. Allen. 
Joseph E. Allen. 
Charles E. Danforth. 
Kilby W. Elwell. 
John J. Ropper. 
Walter Cressy. 
Antoine Silva. 
John W. Moran. 
William Crawley, Jr. 
Herbert M. Fears. 
James M. Gardner. 
Charles B. Corliss. 
John McEachren. 
A. Simpson Lyle. 
Charles Marsters. 
Fred A. Kinsman. 
James E. Tolman. 
John J. Currier. 
William A. Hodgkins. 
Jonathan May. 
Levi Saunders. 
Reuben Perry. 



Eli O. Cleaves. 
Henry A. Cook. 
Benj. A. Phillips. 
S. Oscar Howland. 
George E. Merridew, 
Samuel James. 
Elbridge Knight. 
Edwin R. Wheeler. 
William P. Cressy. 
Michael Cronin. 
George E. Merchant. 
Merrit P. Alderman. 
George A. Upton. 
Francis Locke, Jr. 
E. Frank Locke. 
Francis Locke. 
Horace Haskell. 
George Lane. 
William W. Cook. 
Charles F. Pierce. 
Israel Friend. 
J. Edward Hartz. 
Alexander McCurdy. 
Charles G. Coas. 
William Tarr. 
Frank Watson, 
Henry W. Kidder. 
Philip Mooney. 
Horace B. Procter. 
Humphrey B. Procter. 
Fred. H. Wallace. 
James H. Knowles. 
Arthur L. Millett. 
Isaac J. Procter. 
Gardner W. Herrick. 
Aaron C. Perkins. 
Howard F. Low. 
James P. Nichols. 



Mr. Jordan, on accepting the presidency, thanked them for the 
great honor conferred, and assured one and all that he would do all in 
his power to make the celebration successful. Mr. Francis Procter 
and Mr. Tappan also accepted their positions with brief speeches of 
appreciation. 




Nathaniel Babson. 
Maurice F. Foley. 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

Council Members. 
Edward S. Currier. 
John A. Hanson. 



Percy W. Wheeler. 
B. Frank Ellery. 



I 



I 



^, 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 25 

It was voted to send invitations to Gloucester, England, New 
Gloucester, Maine, and Rockport, Mass., asking them to be represented 
at the anniversary. 

All committees were authorized to fill vacancies, and were re- 
quested to organize for work at an early day. Both the Secretary and 
Treasurer were added to the Executive Committee, and their first 
meeting was called for Wednesday evening, July 8, 1891, at the office 
of the City Clerk, City Hall. 



ACTION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENTS, 1891, 1892. 



In his inaugural address delivered before the City Council, Jan. 4, 
1 89 1, Mayor Asa G. Andrews said : — 

I wish to call your attention to the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary 
of the settlement of Gloucester, which occurs in 1892, and suggest that some- 
thing be done this year in order to bring it before the people in a way that 
will more fully prepare them for its observance. 

This was the first oflicial notice taken, and, acting upon the sug- 
gestion, Alderman D. Somes Watson, of Ward Three, introduced the 
following resolutions at a meeting of the Board of Aldermen, Feb. 20, 
i8gi, which were unanimously adopted, and Alderman Watson was 
placed on the committee on the part of the aldermen : — 

Whereas, His Honor Mayor Andrews took occasion on inauguration day 
to allude to the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of 
Gloucester as a town, and 

Whereas, It will require considerable time and labor to perfect arrange- 
ments for a proper observance of the same which occurs in 1S92, 

Therefore, Resolved, That his Honor Mayor Andrews, the president 
of the Common Council, and one alderman, and two common councilmen 
constitute a committee to consider and report upon the expediency of cele- 
brating the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Gloucester as a town 
in 1892, with such plans, suggestions, and recommendations for the proper 
observance of the event, as after mature deliberation may seem to them as 
suitable for the occasion, with an estimate of the expense if the same can be 
computed. 

The Common Council concurred in this at their meeting held 
Tuesday evening, March 3, 1891, and Messrs. Joseph Parsons, of 



26 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Ward One, and Nathaniel Babson, of Ward Five, were appointed on 
the part of the Council. 

The committee thus appointed reported to the Board of Aldermen 
at their meeting held Friday evening, March 20, 1891, as follows : — 

Your committee are of the opinion that the event should not go by un- 
noticed. For a full and proper observance of the same it will be necessary to 
appropriate a sum sufiicient to meet the expenses of such a celebration as may 
hereafter be determined upon by the City Council, and for this purpose the 
sanction of the General Court is needed by legislative act authorizing the 
City Council to raise money for the purposes herein named. The time being 
limited in which to arrange matters suitable to the occasion, and in order to 
save all the time possible, your committee would recommend the passage of 
the following order, viz. : — 

Ordered. That the Mayor and Aldermen petition the General Court for 
an act authorizing the City Council to raise a sum not to exceed five thousand 
dollars ($5,000) by taxation, for the purpose of celebrating the two hundred 
and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of Gloucester as a town, during 
the year 1892. the date to be hereafter determined upon, and of publishing 
an account of the proceedings of such celebration. 

The report was adopted and the petition presented to the State 
Legislature then in session at Boston. No opposition being made at 
the hearings a bill covering the request was reported, passed both 
branches of the Legislature, and was approved by the Governor, May 
13, 1 89 1. The bill was as follows : — 

Be it enacted, etc., as follows : 

Section i . The city of Gloucester is hereby authorized to raise by 
taxation a sum not exceeding five thousand dollars for the purpose of cele- 
brating the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of its incorporation as a 
town, and of publishing an account of the proceedings of such celebration. 

Sect. 2, This act shall take effect upon its passage. 

On April 17, the committee reported the following order to the 
aldermen, which they adopted, but which the council tabled at its meet- 
ing of April 21, and at its meeting held May 5 indefinitely postponed : 

In accordance with the resolution adopted by the City Council we would 
suggest that the celebration cover two days, one to be devoted to historical 
matters, an address, poem, banquet, and ball ; the other for a grand procession, 
military and civic, and which shall include tableaux of historic interest, and 
such other matters as may suggest themselves to the committee having charge. 
If it is the desire of the citizens to celebrate this event no time is to be lost in 
preparing for it as it will require at least a year's time to look over the records 



OF THE TOWN- OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 2'J 

and write up the historical address. Your committee having been requested 
to report an estimate of the cost of this undertaking beg leave to say that in 
their opinion such a celebration as our people would desire to see, and which 
would reflect credit upon our municipality and place us in the first ranks of 
our sister cities, would cost at least ten thousand dollars, and we would here 
recommend that live thousand dollars be appropriated by the city with the 
expectation that a like sum will be subscribed by the patriotic and public 
spirited citizens of Gloucester and the sons and daughters of the old town 
who are now absent in other States. In order to determine the question as 
to whether the city should celebrate this event or pass it by your committee 
offer the following resolution : — 

Resolved, A joint committee shall be appointed clothed with full power 
and authority to arrange all the details necessary for a proper observance of 
the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of Gloucester, 
said celebration to take place during the year eighteen hundred ninety-two 
and to cover two days. 

The question was again brought before the city government at a 
meeting of the Common Council, held Tuesday evening, May 26, 189 1, 
when an order was adopted for a joint select committee, consisting of 
his Honor the Mayor, one alderman, the president of the Council, 
and two councilmen, who should devise ways and means for the proper 
observance of the event, said committee to have full powers to act, 
except that they could contract no city liability, and Messrs. William 
F. Moore, of Ward Three, and Nathaniel Babson, of Ward Five, were 
appointed on the part of the Council. 

By the Aldermen, the order w^as tabled at the meeting of May 26, 
and at their next meeting, June 19, 1891, was amended by striking out 
all reference to contracting city liability, and Alderman D. Somes Wat- 
son, of Ward Three, was added to the committee. The same order as 
amended again coming before the Common Council, at its meeting of 
June 19, the whole question was again laid upon the table. 

The next action taken was with reference to the request of the 
Fourth of July Committee that a joint special committee be appointed 
to represent the city in all arrangements making for the celebration. 
The request was granted and Mayor Andrews, Aldermen Watson and 
Charles H. Gamage, President William H. Pomeroy, Councilmen 
William H. Perkins, William F, Moore, and Henry P. Dennen were 
appointed. 

At a meeting of the Council, July 7, 189 1, the following order was 
introduced, but after some discussion laid upon the table : — 

Whereas^ At a mass meeting of the citizens and taxpayers of Gloucester 



28 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

a strong sentiment was expressed in favor of tlie two hundred and fiftietli 
anniversary of the incorporation of our town, and 

Whereas, We believe that a proper observance of the same would be of 
lasting and permanent value to our city, we would recommend that an appro- 
priation be made by the City Council to help defray the expenses of carrying 
out the above, provided that an equal amount at least be raised by public sub- 
scription, provided that a surplus of money remains in the contingent account 
at the end of the present financial year after paying all obligations incurred 
by the several departments of the city which are then due. It is therefore 

Ordered, That an amount of money not exceeding five thousand dollars 
($5,000) be appropriated for a proper observance of the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of Gloucester, one half of the amount 
so raised to be expended under the direction of a joint special committee to 
consist of his Honor the Mayor and two aldermen, and the President of the 
Common Council and three councilmen, in conjunction with the permanent 
Memorial Committee appointed at the mass meeting ; the balance to be 
expended under the direction of the former and the Executive Committee 
appointed at the mass meeting ; the same to be charged to the contingent 
account, if the amount to the credit of said account amounts to said sum at the 
end of the present financial year. If the amount of money to the credit of 
said contingent account amounts to a less sum than five thousand dollars, 
then the whole of said sum so remaining to the credit of said account be 
appropriated for said purpose and charged to said account. 

The subject of the celebration did not again come before either 
board of the City Council until the closing meetings, held Monday 
evening, Dec. 28, 1S91, when the Finance Committee recommended 
that the sum of five thousand dollars be transferred and carried forward 
to the year 1892, for the purpose of celebrating the Anniversary, and 
the recommendation was adopted, and the sum carried forward. 

In his second inaugural, delivered before the City Council Mon- 
day, Jan. 4, 1892, Mayor Asa G. Andrews again referred to the 
celebration as follows : — 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 

The present year will witness the celebration of the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of Gloucester as a town, and those 
of us who have read and studied the history of its early settlers can but 
admire the pluck, heroism, and indomitable will displayed by those men and 
women who first trod our shores, and whose descendants, many of them, at 
least, are still among us. As the time approaches to commemorate this 
event, and the busy notes of preparation are heard on every hand, I have 
faith to believe that there is not a person living in this ancient and historic 




Edward DoUiver, 
Treasurer. 



Henry Center, 
Auditor. 



Crrv OFFICIALS, isicj. 



Freeman Putney, 

Superintendent of Schools 



Sidney S. Sylvester, 
City J/ars/ial. 



Jolin J. Somes, 
Citi/ Clerk, 
(Chairman Itivitation Committee.) 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 29 

place who does not desire to see this celebration, one which will reflect credit 
not only upon our citizens, but upon the municipality we represent. 

To celebrate this event properly will require money, and I have every 
assurance to believe that our public spirited citizens will respond liberallv 
when asked to do so. No man wants to see a celebration that he will 
be called upon to defend, after it has passed away, but all want to have 
such an observance of the occasion that they can speak of it with pride and 
satisfaction. 

There can be but one celebration of our two hundred and fiftieth anni- 
versary, and I hope to see displayed by every citizen and by you, gentlemen 
of the City Council, that liberality and hearty cooperation which has dis- 
tinguished the sons and daughters of old Cape Ann upon other occasions 
of a similar nature. It will be the only opportunity for some time, at least, 
to bring our merchants face to face with thousands of people from other 
places, possibly all over the nation, and from the mother country, to show to 
them our products by land and sea, our rock-bound coast, our magnificent 
harbor, with its shipping, the finest in the world ; our delightful scenery , 
which at the time of the celebration will be in its full beauty ; and, above all, 
the warm-hearted generous spirit shown by our citizens toward those who 
shall become our guests upon this occasion. Lastly, if we but do our part, 
thousands of dollars will pass into the hands of our merchants, and thousands 
of voices will, in after years, speak the praises of this, one of the best cities in 
the State: I confidently look for everyone to do what he can to push forward 
this event in our history, which many a city or town would give largely of 
their means to celebrate. It is the golden opportunity of a city two hundred 
and fifty years old. 

At a meeting of the Council, held Feb. 2, 1892, an order was 
adopted for a Joint Special Committee, which was concurred in by 
the aldermen at their meeting of Feb. 5, 1S91, the committee being 
appointed as follows : his Honor Mayor Andrews, Aldermen Charles 
H. Gamage, Erastus Howes, Adam P. Stoddart, Archibald N. Donahue, 
Harvey C. Smith, Nathaniel Maddix, Jr., Alvah Prescott, George H. 
Morton ; President Nathaniel Babson, and John A. Hawson, Percy W. 
Wheeler, B. Frank Ellery, Maurice F. Foley, and Edward S. Currier of 
the Council. 

At a meeting of both boards, held June 7, 1892, an order was 
adopted, turning over to the treasurer of the Anniversary Committee 
the sum of five thousand dollars, brought forward from 1891, for the 
purposes of the anniversary celebration, less the sum of three hundred 
dollars which was reserved for the use of the mayor. 



3© TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 



Within a week of the time the Executive Committee was selected 
and appointed, its first meeting was held at the city clerk's office, City 
Hall, Wednesday evening, July 8, 189 1, nearly every member being 
present. Then and there the active preparations were commenced 
which culminated in the successful celebration. 

The date of the celebration was fixed for Wednesday, Thursday, 
and Friday, Aug. 24, 25, 26, 1S92, with a reunion of the absent sons 
and daughters Tuesday evening, Aug. 23. at City Hall. 

The chairmen of the different committees were early at work, and 
by the middle of the summer of 1891, had organized. At the second 
meeting of the Executive Committee, steps were taken which would 
bring several of the ships of the " white squadron " to Gloucester 
Harbor during the celebration. 

It was early determined that the second day of the celebration 
should be made memorable by the civic, military, and trades procession, 
and invitations were issued to the Eighth Regiment, M. V. M., 
Massachusetts Naval Battalion, the Boston Lancers, and Battery A. 

At the seventh meeting of the committee, Nov 11, 189 r, delega- 
tions were present from the various lodges, secret and fraternal, the 
Grand Army, Sons of Veterans, and the churches, beside the different 
social organizations, who all promised cooperation and assistance. 

From time to time the Finance Committee reported, and it was 
early evident that generous subscriptions from the people of Glouces- 
ter, absent sons and daughters, and others, added to the amount which 
the city would appropriate, would in the aggregate amount to a sum 
sufficient to place the celebration on a broad financial basis. Still the 
Executive Committee were anxious that no money should be wasted, 
and no appropriation was voted without careful consideration. So 
well was the financial part managed that although the expenditures 
were heavy, after paying every bill the Committee had over two thou- 
sand dollars on hand. A full financial statement will be found in a 
subsequent chapter. 

Thirty-nine meetings of the Executive were held up to October, 
1892. For many months one was held weekly. The average attend- 
ance at these meetings was surprisingly good. The best of feeling was 
always manifest, and a determination that no effort was too great which 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 3 1 

could in any way add glory to these festal days of the old town. That 
the celebration was the great success is due, in a great measure, to the 
untiring efforts of the Executive Committee, as well as to the willing 
labor of the different sub-committees, all working with a generous 
impulse for the common cause, — the welfare of Gloucester. 

Mr. Fred W. Tibbets was added to the committee at its first 
meeting and made assistant secretary. Mr. Sylvester Cunningham 
resigned as chairman of the Ball Committee, and Mr. William A. 
Homans, Jr., was elected in his place. Mr. Charles H. Gamage 
resigned as chairman of the School Children and Children's Entertain- 
ment Committee, and Mr. Xenephon D. Tingley was elected. Mr, 
William Thompson resigned as chairman of the Fishermen's Race 
Committee, and Mr. Horatio Babson was elected. Mr. David M. 
Hilton resigned as chairman of the Construction Committee, and Mr. 
William A. Homans, Jr., was elected, and Mr. D. Somes Watson 
resigned as chairman of the Committee on Halls and Tents, and 
Mr. George Doudass was elected. 



program* 



AUGUST 21, SUNDAY. 

Morning. Commemorative Services, Churches. 

AUGUST 23, TUESDAY. 

Evening. Reunion, Absent Sons and Daughters, City Hall. 



AUGUST 24, WEDNESDAY. 

Morning. Parade, Fire Department. 

Afternoon. Literary Exercises at the Tent. 

Afternoon. Athletic Events, Bridge Street Oval. 

Evening. Banquet, City Hall. 

AUGUST 25, THURSDAY. 

Morning. Grand Military, Civic and Trades Parade. 
Afternoon. Mayor's Luncheon, City Hall. 
Evening. Reception and Ball, City Hall. 

AUGUST 26, FRIDAY. 

Morning. Fishermen's Race. 
Afternoon. Regatta of Yachts, Harbor. 
Evening. Fireworks, Western Avenue. 



J'uuclaia;, l^xigxist 21 



Religious Observances. 



OBSERVANCES OF SUNDAY. 



IT had been planned that union reUgious services should be held 
Sunday evening at City Hall. This being found impractical, each 
society held commemorative services Sunday morning. To each society 
the day brought lessons from the celebration, of peculiar significance. 
To each church came many former worshippers, journeying from their 
distant homes to join in the festivities of the anniversary. The obser- 
vances of the day may be said to have commenced the events of 
anniversary week. 

THE FIRST CHURCH. 

To the historic church of the First Parish (Unitarian), a large 
audience gathered, the occasion being the two hundred and fiftieth 
anniversary of their organization in 1642. The church was elaborately 
decorated with potted plants, flowers, and green. The music was of a 
high order and significant to the day. The sermon by the Rev. D. M. 
Wilson of Quincy was replete with historical statement and deduction. 

The order of service follows : — 

Organ Voluntary. 

Anthem. "Jubilate Deo." — Dorr. 

Invocation. 

Solo. " He maketh wars to cease." — Chadjvick. Mr. Bruce. 

Scripture Readings. 

Hymn No. 840. Congregation. 

Prayer. 

Response. " Still, still with Thee." — Gerrish. 

Motet. " Remember thy Creator." — Rhodes. 

Historical Discourse. 

Rev. Daniel Munro Wilson, of Quincy, Mass. 
Hymn. "O Lord, hear our prayer." — Harfel. 
Hymn No. 478. Congregation. 
Benediction. 



37 



38 TWO HUADKED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



DISCOURSE. 

" Zebulon shall dwell at the haven of the sea ; and he shall be for a haven 
of ships." Gen. xlix. 13. 

" It was planted in a good soil by great waters, that it might bring forth 
branches, and that it might bear fruit, that it might be a goodly vine." Ezek. 
xvii. 8. 

In any account of the institutions of Gloucester we must reckon 
with the influences of the great sea. The salt breath of it, the mystery 
and power of it, and the sadness of it have interfused themselves with 
the life of the people and are potently with us in the celebrations of 
this day and week. We can no more exclude the sea from our 
thought than we can from our sight when we walk the ways of this 
town. Was it not the far extension of this cape into the great sea, 
reaching out like a hand to welcome and harbor mariners, which led to 
its early discovery and early settlement? It enticed, it seems likely, 
the first Englishmen who set foot on the soil of Massachusetts, from 
that ship of Gosnold's which in 1602 sailed from headland to headland 
along our shores. It invited that romantic and tireless adventurer, 
Capt. John Smith, to bestow upon it the name of the Turkish lady-love 
who had so nobly befriended him, — a name to be supplanted only by 
that of his Queen at the command of Prince Charles. Later, the 
fame of its convenience for fishing made it, next to Plymouth, the 
place most thought of on our Massachusetts coast, and led to the 
enterprise of the Dorchester company, which, in the fall of 1623, left 
the fourteen men at the point now called Stage Fort, to establish a 
settlement. From the Pilgrims across the bay a party joined them the 
next spring, and this beginning led on to the planting at Salem and 
Boston. Thus a true hand of welcome Cape Ann proved to be, beck- 
oning to the multitudes of earnest men and women who sought on 
these shores liberty to worship God, and reaching out far into the sea 
to guide them into the bosom of the land. 

Then, also, with the wealth of the sea the prosperity of the town 
has ebbed and flowed. The I^ord, in this matter, took a hand, as 
Minister Chandler firmly believed. " The scaly herds and finny tribes, 
moved by God's guidance," he wrote, '"come voluntarily to the hooks 
and are drawn from their native element " This is a comforting assur- 
ance to the tender-hearted residents of this place who may be troubled 
at the thought their support is at the expense of the suffering of the 
lower creatures. 




FIRST I'AUISH (I'nitarian) CHURCH. Middle «tieet, fleeted lT:is. 

Present churcli, erected 1828. Rev. Daniel Aliinroe Wilson, I). 1)., 

jireacher of anniversary sermon, l.S".V2. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 39 

But in a more deep and subtile way has the influence of the sea 
entered into the lives of the inhabitants of Gloucester. All the perils 
of the ocean and that power the sea has to produce sadness and a 
sense of the solemn mystery of existence, has been exerted upon these 
people through the generations. 

" And though the land is thronged again, O sea ! 
Strange sadness touches all that goes with thee, — 
The small bird's plaining note, the wild sharp call, 
Share thy own spirit : it is sadness all." 

Profound reverence results from this, and a quick responsive sympathy. 
The whole character is attuned to a deeper and tenderer note. We see 
the manifestation of it especially in the history of this ancient church. 
The sad spirit of the sea early subdued the stern Calvinism of the Puri- 
tan. He was no cruel bigot here. There is not a single stain of blood 
upon the records. How could the eyes which were full of tears for 
husbands, sons, brothers, and friends, who had gone out into the deep 
never to return, gleam fierce and fatal upon witch and Quaker? Was 
there not mourning enough in the sea without causing it in a neigh- 
bor's dwelKng? A quiet, trustful piety was in their hearts, and 6ur 
Quaker poet, who knows well 

" The white-walled hamlet children of this ancient fishing town," 

can sing, with no dark memory to restrain, of their life, 

'• Inward, grand with awe and reverence." 

The worst in the way of superstitious violence they attempted was to 
shoot at spectral Frenchmen with silver buttons. 

Thus modified by the close relation of its people to the great sea, 
the history of this First Church in Gloucester is the history of religion 
in New England. Here, as in any of the other older settlements we 
may trace the development of the spiritual life of a people vigorously 
and freely manifested under the democratic form of Congregationalism. 

What other form could be so well adapted to a new endeavor to 
live the Christian life simply and directly? What other form is so 
consonant with free political aspirations ? 

This grand new Republic of ours was in that Puritan church 
which in all its activities was of and for and by the people. Congre- 
gationalism, exercised first by the Christian disciples in the simplicity 
of their earliest efforts, is, for efficiency, contesting in the realm of 
spiritual things with the clerical hierarchy which in its various forms 



40 TIFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

derived rather from Roman imperialism than origmal Christian prece- 
dents. The Reformation in England brought these two forms of 
church administration into direct opposition. State-church and sep- 
aratism, episcopacy and the congregation of equals, fought it out at 
first with words and then with arms. When the Pilgrims, most radical 
of separatists, fled to these shores in hope of establishing their church 
way unmolested, their opponents sent over ministers to " advance the 
dignity of the Church of England and the laudable use of the book of 
common prayer." Undisturbed possession of this new land by either 
faith was not to be permitted. Stage Fort, in Gloucester Harbor, was 
the scene of an early incident in this contest. 

For two years Pilgrim and prelatist worshipped there in distinct 
and separate camps. The settlers who were landed by the ship of the 
English Dorchester Company in 1623 were loyal to the established 
church. More joined them the next year, and it seemed as though a 
church with a bishop was to be established here opposite the church 
without a bishop at Plymouth. In that same year, however, the fishing 
party from the Pilgrims arrived in Gloucester Harbor. Each faction 
erected its own " great house," and when the Sabbath came there was 
exhibited for the first time on New England shores, the spectacle of 
hostile denominations, settled in the same place, engaged in separate 
and unfriendly worship. On the Sabbath the Pilgrims piously exhorted 
one another and aimed their shafts, each tipped with a text, at the 
popish practices of the English Church. Meanwhile, the churchmen 
joined in the " decent " services of the prayer-book, read fervently the 
petitions for the king, the bishop, and all in authority, and in their 
hearts desired to be delivered from the sin of fanatical separatism. 

For about two years this state of things continued, the prelatists 
in 1625 receiving for their encouragement the support of the notorious 
John Lyford. This minister, sent from England to make head against 
the Pilgrims, had just been ignominiously cast out of Plymouth. He 
not only wrote to England injurious letters about them, while pre- 
tending to be friendly, but sins done in the old world had found him 
out in the new world. However, he was considered good enough by 
the English authorities to be sent to Cape Ann to lead fishermen 
in the laudable use of the book of common prayer, and it is easy to 
imagine he made the most of his opportunity, and with a rough tongue 
girded at the party from Plymouth. At this time it seemed uncertain 
whether the origin of First Church should be in a congregation of the 
Pilgrims or a church of the English episcopacy. The withdrawal of 
all the settlers of both faiths, soon afterwards, determined that, for the 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 4 1 

present, it should be in neither. The Pilgrims returned to Plymouth, 
the others removed to Naumkeag, where, under the lead of the patient 
Conant, some held on till the arrival of Governor Endicott with that 
first division of the great Puritan immigration which secured Massachu- 
setts and New England to the churches of the Congregational order. 

After great troubles between the different religious factions Cape 
Ann was now deserted for some years, save for the presence of the agents 
of Captain Mason who claimed the territory, an occasional fisherman's 
crew, and the visit of adventurers like Morton of Merrymount. These 
nondescripts were, however, numerous enough and repugnant enough 
to the Massachusetts Colony to call forth an order m 1630 for their 
expulsion. Perhaps this was in preparation for the regular settlement 
of the place by good men and true. For tradition informs us that 
soon after 1630, a son of John Robinson, the large-hearted preacher to 
the Pilgrim congregation in Leyden, led a company to Cape Ann. 
At all events there were enough persons here by 1633, wrote Minister 
Forbes, on the authority of an ancient manuscript, " to carry on the 
worship of God among themselves — read the word of God, pray to 
him, and sing psalms."* As early as this, he says, on another occasion, 
"the first settlers of this town consecrated a house for pubUc worship." 
Here we have the beginnings of First Church. 

Properly it is as early as this that we are to seek for our religious 
and civic origins. From this time onward the occupation and growth 
of the place is steady and uninterrupted. Thomas Lechford gives us 
a glimpse of the condition of things in 1639, when he writes that "at 
Cape Ann, where fishing is set forward and some stages builded, there 
one Master Rashley is chaplain." It is evident that the place is peo- 
pled almost entirely by fishermen. There are no families ; no homes 
in the proper sense of the word. But in 1642 a change is wrought. 
The Rev. Richard Blynman arrives with several families from the 
Plymouth Colony. And now with a permanent minister they are to 
be solidified formally into a " church estate." The exact date of this 
consummation is not given, nor have we the names of those who signed 
the covenant, nor the covenant itself. All these facts are lost with the 
loss of the original records. Early in 1642 it must have been, however, 
when the church was definitely established. 

In those days it was most often the case that the church was 

* Sermon of Sept. 13, 1792, " preached at the Desire of the Committee, appointed for Repairing 
of the Meeting House, in the First Parish of Gloucester, from the Waste of Time and the wanton 
spoilations of Captain Lynzey in the Falcon Sloop of War, immediately after those Repairs were 

completed." 



42 TWO HUNDRED AND FrFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

organized before the town, and it seems that Gloucester began its career 
the 3d of May, when the General Court established its bounds. Then 
again, Blynman would probably regard it his first duty to see that the 
church was properly ordered, and he was here before May, as it was by 
him, or the friends he brought with him, that the plantation was named. 
There were here ''about fifty persons," grown persons, mostly men, 
"when this godly reverend man " was called to office, wrote Johnson 
in his " Wonder- Working Providence." A goodly number that to 
transact the business we are met this day to commemorate. They 
gathered together in a little thatched meeting-house, already some time 
built. It was situated, most likely, on the upland which seems to have 
been that alluded to in a document of 164S, as "Meeting-house Hill." 
Tradition places it near the spot where in 1644 a half acre was assigned 
for the "common burial place," that in time outgrew its primitive 
bounds, has fallen into disuse, and long been known as "the old up-in- 
town burying ground." That there was a meeting-house at this time 
we have positive evidence in the report of the commission appointed 
by the General Court, Oct. 7, 1641, to settle the bounds of Cape Ann. 
In that report they mention the "Cape Ann meeting-house." It was 
probably the one which Forbes * says, was " consecrated for public 
worship," in 1633. The second meeting house was built probably, 
within two years after Mr. Blynman gathered First Church, in 1642. 
Good authority favors its erection, about half a mile north of " the old 
meeting-house place." If so, it was the first of four successive houses 
of worship that stood there through two centuries, and from which the 
place became historic as "Meeting-house Plain," — in later days 
" Meeting-house Green." 

Blynman, the first minister, was an aggressively dogmatic Chris- 
tian, a fair type of the sterner Puritan who, "laboring much against the 
errors of the times," embroiled himself, first with his fiock in Marsh- 
field and was forced to leave, and then so stirred up the people here 
that they would not peaceably listen to him. I cannot help wondering 
if the plain, common-sense fishermen, whose minds had broadened 
with the breadth of the sea, were not too liberal and human to swal- 
low whole, as the whale swallowed Jonah, those doctrines of priestly 
authority and harsh heavenly decrees which were then preached from 
most of the pulpits. A more liberal spirit was abroad; that I know 
from the history of the Boston church and my own church of Quincy. 

* Sermon of March 5, lygs, " preached at the desire of the Selectmen, and the Committee for 
inspecting the Town Schools; occasioned by the Dedication of a new and very commodious Grammar 
School House, lately erected in the First Parish of the Town of Gloucester." 





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ST. ANXE CATHOLIC CHURCH, erected isrr.. 
Luigi Acquarone, First Rector, 1855. 



.lereiiiiali J. Healey, Rector, 18!)2. 
Charles AV. Regan, Assistant, 1892. 
Parochial House, erected 188(1. 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 43 

Let us hope it was welcomed by your predecessors in this place. On 
such an occasion as this we like to think the best we can of our ancestors. 

Blynman left Gloucester in 1649. After him the parish resorted to 
one of the characteristic principles of the Congregational polity : they 
chose one or more from among themselves to do the preaching. That, 
I take it, is a proceeding to be commended. Although the people 
of that day highly esteemed their ministers, calling them " God's 
prophets," the " annointed of God," and so on in like terms, they 
did not think he was another sort of creature from themselves, and was 
to be religious for the whole congregation and do every act of worship 
for the congregation. Such complete division of labor they did not 
grasp after. We have succeeded better in thrusting all duties upon 
the pulpit. Now, if a minister is away from a parish, the people, in 
most instances, seem helpless. There is not one among them to lead 
the worship. In the old days, however, there were many '' private 
brethren " who could preach and pray. The whole church was reli- 
gious and was competent to serve God at any time, whether a minister 
was in the pulpit or not. It was customary to elect " teaching elders,'' 
and these were quite prepared to "handle the Word" or "exhort" 
when called upon. The Gloucester church, weakened now by the 
departure of many to New London with Mr. Blynman, felt unable to 
hire a regular preacher. The Sunday services were dutifully carried 
on, however, by the "private brethren." A militia captain, one William 
Perkins, most frequently officiated, and consequently received the title 
of "teaching elder," and grants of upland and marsh that had been 
"reserved unto the use of teaching elders unto all posteritie." 

He devoted himself to his religious duties during some eight 
years, but whether he also trained the militia to fight the heathen 
Indians, and besides, like the apostles John and Peter, went a-fishing, 
history is silent. Other " teaching elders " — Thomas Millet and 
William Stevens — exercised their gifts for the edification of the 
church, and then it was determined to invite John Emerson to settle 
over them. He also was a resident of Gloucester, and it would seem, 
now that several private brethren had successfully conducted services, 
the inhabitants were so satisfied with themselves that they thought 
a " Cape Anner" could do everything and preach too. They were 
going to have no more imported ministers. " The church and the 
people," wrote Parson Forbes at a later date, " sought for one of their 
own sons to take them by the hand and lead them in this wilder- 
ness in the paths of peace and truth, but did not obtain one until 
1653, when they engaged Mr. John Emerson, who from that time 



44 ^^'^^0 HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

preached among them to good acceptance, and was ordained their pas- 
tor in 1658 and served them for more than forty years in the gospel of 
God's dear Son." Mr. Babson, Gloucester's historian, says he was 
ordained Oct. 6, 1663. However, that is a matter of no consequence. 
More interesting is it to learn that under him the people were so hun- 
gry for preaching that they would not give him increase of corn and 
fish for salary until he promised to give them a good number of 
week-day lectures in addition to the two services on Sunday. It was 
at the beginning of his ministry, that is, about 1664, that the third 
meeting-house was built for the use of the parish. " It was located 
on the Meeting-house Plain," says Babson. At the end of this min- 
istry, in December, 1700, the fourth house, that had been some time 
building, was completed. It "stood on the Meeting-house Green," 
says the historian, "a short distance, probably, from the old one." 
These earlier houses of worship were small, the last one mentioned 
being forty feet square, and were soon outgrown by a parish which 
under Mr. Emerson increased trebly. 

For a year or two after Emerson the parish was dependent upon 
occasional supplies and the services of teaching elders. Nevertheless, 
the members felt quite competent to consider and accept a new cove- 
nant. This was done Jan. 6, 1702, and might be regarded as in a way 
a preparation for a \\t\N pastor whom they had called. He will now 
introduce himself. " After almost two years spent in trouble from the 
different apprehensions concerning a minister, unworthy me, John 
White (who am less than the least of all that in a probationary way 
preached here), was pitched upon and chosen by church and town to 
be their spiritual pastor and guide, which solemn charge I had given 
me the 21st of April, 1703." His ministry covers the period in the 
history of this church in which four new parishes were formed out of it. 
The mother of churches she may be called. When Mr. White began 
his ministry there was but one congregation on Cape Ann, and it had 
connected with it a church of sixty-eight members, twenty-one being 
males. In 17 16, the westerly precinct was set off and called the Sec- 
ond Parish; in 1728, the northerly side of the Cape was set off and 
called the Third Parish; in 1742, the meeting-house on the Plain, 
which was deserted by First Church for a new edifice in the Harbor, 
was given an independent existence under the name of the Fourth 
Parish; and in 1753, the Fifth Parish was formed at Sandy Bay. Yet, 
in spite of the withdrawal of so many, Mr. White could say in 1744, 
when he had parted with the material for three of these other churches, 
that there remained in the First Parish eighty males and one hundred 
and eighty females. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 45 

All this cutting up of the old parish was done without much friction, 
except in the case of the establishment of the Fourth Church. At that 
time the old First Parish needed a new meeting-house, and the burning 
question was where it should be built. Toward the harbor, said the 
majority, for thither the population and wealth were drifting. As early 
as 1732, the decision was made, but the people at the north part 
objected so strenuously that nothing was done till 173S. Then seven 
men took the matter in hand independently, built a church and invited 
the parish to occupy it. Minister White immediately entered its pulpit. 
The dissentients to the number of about eighty remained by the old 
church on the "green" where, as the Fourth Parish, they worshipped 
for many years. But the wisdom of the majority in removing is 
seen in the fact that a church could not be maintained there, even 
though a new house was built in 1752. At last, in 1840, the situation 
was abandoned and the Fourth Parish ceased to exist. Scarcely can 
one discern where the edifice stood on that hill which is now public 
domain, but which for so many generations was the scene of the united 
worship of ihe people of Cape Ann. All that is left there to remind 
us of its ancient uses is the house built by Parson White, soon after his 
settlement in 1702, conveniently near the meeting house. 

This violent sundering of worshippers who were really of the same 
neighborhood and who should have sat side by side in the same house 
as did their ancestors for a hundred years, took place, curiously enough, 
at the very height of a religious revival. The wave of the " Great 
Awakening," which had been set in motion by Jonathan Edwards, and 
which, in i 740, was tumultuously agitated by the eloquence of Whitfield, 
was now tossing and swaying the souls of the people in New England. 
Here in Gloucester, worshippers " were impressed with deep terrors," 
and children of fire "prayed to admiration." In the uttermost stress 
of this religious commotion, when " the chief recreation was the sing- 
ing of Dr. Watts's hymns," and many were tearful and many shouted 
for joy, there was still displayed a good deal of unsanctified human 
nature. This is very likely why Minister White wrote the following 
words : " We find that strong, but short terrors, succeeded with 
ravishing joys, are no certain evidence of saving conversion " 

This great revival had a far-reaching and rather unexpected result 
throughout the churches : it stimulated the growth of liberal sentiments 
as later manifested in the outbreak of Universalists and Unitarians. 
When people saw the dogmas of Calvinism, bald and terrible as preached 
by the logical Edwards, fantastic and lurid as presented by the revival- 
ists, they did not want to think of them, and turned away from them to 



46 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

dwell upon more rational and loving aspects of religion. From this 
time onward can be noted the softening of doctrines and the gradual 
ascendency of heart and mind in things theological. The evolution of 
spiritual Christianity had begun in most of the old churches of the 
Pilgrim and the Puritan, an evolution which attained self-conscious- 
ness in the preaching of Murray and Channing and became aggres- 
sive in the withdrawal from the main body of Congregationalists 
of the churches of Bradford and Winthrop, Endicott and Dudley, of the 
Apostle Eliot, of the Mathers, of this church here, the First Church 
in Gloucester. 

Minister White did not live to see the change in any marked 
degree of it. He died Jan. i6, 1760, widely beloved. His monu- 
ment in the old burying-ground was lately repaired by members of the 
Evangelical or Trinity Congregational Society, — an act of graceful 
Christian courtesy on the part of the youngest offspring of this old 
church. 

It was left to the colleague of Minister White to see and sorrow 
over the first distinct outbreak against Calvinism. This colleague, 
Samuel Chandler, settled Nov. 13, 1751, is a marked type of the minister 
of the old time. He can do something besides preach. Indeed, your 
Cape Ann parsons have shown themselves to be unusually competent in 
handling worldly affairs as well as the Word. It was Blynman who first 
cut the beach through and made a passage from bay to bay behind the 
Cape ; Parson Emerson ran the mill for the town, and now we see 
Parson Chandler building his own house. He saws and hammers like 
a born carpenter, makes window frames and shutters, and " sets eighty 
square of glass in a day." That sounds quite secular to our nice 
modern people who cannot bear to think of a minister out of a solemn 
black coat, or touching things material other than books and pens. 
But Chandler went even beyond this, and did things which are decid- 
edly reprehensible to most Christians of the present. "My house 
raised," is an entry in his journal; "about sixty or seventy people 
treated with toddy and flip." Here is another entry : " I bought a 
Jersey girl for five years ; gave ^50 for her." Some time later he sold 
her for forty pounds. He seems also to have dealt cruelly with the king's 
English, for he not only speaks of a certain convulsion of nature being 
very truly a "shocking earthquake," but in another place describes it 
as "an ingeminated concussion." It is not to be wondered at that a 
revival followed, and that " after meeting came in Peter Severy, aged 
eight years, under conviction," and that " Alice Messerve was brought 
into lisfht last night as she was seeking Christ in the cellar." 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 47 

But really our smile at the quaint doings of those days is almost 
exchanged for tears when we think of their hard lot. How often the 
minister is called upon to break the news of a husband lost at sea, or 
to condole with a family for the shipwreck of its stalwart sons. And 
then, oh, the sorrow of it, was the dying of little children in great num- 
bers, and continually, from hideous diseases which touch us of these 
days only occasionally. Do not speak of the " good old days." They 
were days of hardship, want, cold, sickness, untimely death. Religion 
was the one source of comfort. Out of the dreary present they looked 
into the brightness and peace and home-gathering of God's heaven. 

To be sure, the terrors of the Almighty were too often preached, 
but this was less frequently done as the years passed. Minister Chand- 
ler seems to have been guided by a kindly common sense. He began 
his ministry here with the avowal that he " adheres to the church plat- 
form for substance," and "so far as agreeable to Scripture." This is 
the way those affected with liberal tendencies express themselves in all 
ages. You will hear it to-day from " progressive orthodoxy " as it was 
heard over a hundred years ago from those equally weary of Calvinism. 
First Church has had no minister with so much of pathos in his life as 
Mr. Chandler. He had domestic trials such as fall to the lot of few. 
His long ministry, though for the most part peaceful and successful, 
was laborious and ended in tribulation. There came into it a sad dis- 
turbance while his life was ebbing away in mortal illness. At the urgent 
invitation of a member of First Church, visiting Boston, the Rev. John 
Murray went to Gloucester, Nov. 3, 1774. He was received, he writes, 
by a few very warm-hearted Christians. The deacons and elders of the 
church, he adds, called upon him, and by them he was conducted to 
the house of the sick minister. Readily, we may believe, he accepted 
Mr. Murray's offer to preach in his pulpit. On a longer stay, some 
weeks later, he preached there again, but after a few Sundays the 
pulpit was denied him. The heresy hunters were alert, and had dis- 
covered grievous errors in his discourses. Then, in " much soreness of 
heart," harassed Mr. Chandler wrote an address for delivery from the 
pulpit to his people, after which, at the desire of many of them, he 
sent it to the Essex Gazette, at Salem, for publication. "As one draw- 
ing near the eternal world," he warned his flock against the pernicious 
teachings of " one who calls himself John Murray, who has declared 
the following things to be his settled opinion : That the whole human 
race, every one of Adam's posterity, have an interest in Christ, and are 
God's beloved ones ; that the whole human race, every individual of 
mankind, shall finally be saved." 



48 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFriETH ANNIVERSARY 

The majority of this church at that time considered it a calamity 
that ideas like these should be proclaimed. They thought it almost as 
dreadful a visitation as the Revolutionary War, then beginning. Indeed, 
while this controversy was being waged, it is a little hard to tell whether 
the references in the records to "the enemy" mean the UniversaUsts 
or the British. But to-day the members of First Church consider it 
an honor that principles so sublime, so honorable to thoughts of God, 
should have been first promulgated in its meeting-house and by a 
reformer so gentle, unselfish, and high-minded. 

The followers of Murray, although they assiduously attended his 
services, continued to be members of First Church until 1878, when 
they were suspended. Then, on the first day of January, 1779, they 
organized the First Universalist Church in America, under what their 
opponents called " the unheard of name of Christian Independents, a 
solecism in nature." 

The Rev. Mr. Chandler's struggle against the earliest doctrinal 
disruption in his ancient church was short. The end came March 16, 
1779. Full of years was he, and infirm, when suddenly was brought 
about the first dislocation incident to that deep cleavage in religious 
thought which now for more than a hundred years has divided the old 
New England churches. Neither time nor strength was allotted him 
to effect readjustment, and, weary with controversy, he fell asleep. Of 
him, as of many another servant of God, whose faithfuUest efforts 
proved futile, it may be said, " he entered into his rest." 

The successor of Mr. Chandler, the Rev. Eli Forbes, who entered 
upon his work here June 5, 1776, had a great deal to contend with. 
In addition to the division in his church were the troubles brought upon 
the community by the war for Independence. Few places in New 
England suffered as much as Gloucester. Fishing was almost entirely 
cut off and there was nothing left for the inhabitants to engage in nor 
sufficient land among their rocks to maintain them. Many of the men 
enlisted, many went privateering, and the women and the children 
were left at home to suffer from want and disease. So bad was the 
state of things that it was feared the parish would be broken up. 

It was set down in the call given to Mr. Forbes that if this event 
should occur " by reason of any inroads that may be made upon us by 
our unnatural enemies, then said salary to cease." Exposed as they were 
by their situation on the shore they already had had an intimation of what 
might befall them. The affair of the sloop-of-war " Falcon," Capt. 
Lindsay, commander, is so well known to the residents of Gloucester 
that it is almost needless to mention it. How often they have gloried 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



49 



in the defeat wrought upon him ! How carefully this church preserves 
the cannon ball as evidence of the peril of those days, and of the rage 
of the British captain against the meeting house whose bell would not 
cease its clangor of alarm arousing the neighborhood to be up and 
doing ! What Minister Forbes says about it, however, is so full of the 
spirit of the time that it should be quoted. " Has not God wonderfully 
preserved this house," he wrote, "when in imminent danger by a sacri- 
legious attack made upon it by the ' Falcon ' sloop-of-war, commanded 
by Capt. John Lynzey, who, without orders, just provocation, or previous 
notice, cannonaded this defenceless place from i o'clock till 5 in the 
afternoon, directing the weight of his fire at this house of God, Aug. 8, 

I775-" 

Forbes was just the man for those days. Kind and wise, he did 
not go with his parishioners in their ingenious persecutions of Murray 
and his followers, and in the confusion and sorrow of the times he 
proved a true counsellor and comforter. His parish did not break up. 
He held it together and strengthened it. Pews now gradually took the 
place of the benches upon which the men and women sat separate, and 
families worshipped together. The singing was improved by trained 
singers leading the psalmody, and it was voted to read the Scriptures 
in meeting. It is important also to note that in Mr. Forbes' day it 
was decided to do away with the relation of religious experiences in 
public. At the same time, a new, probably the third, church covenant 
was adopted, also "the Covenant, called the Baptismal," and so First 
Church, recovering from the effects of the war, floated into the wider 
waters and increasing light of the nineteenth century. 

Great, however, has been its vicissitudes in this century. The 
waters were not smooth waters upon which it sailed, but troubled 
waters, heaving in swells from greater deeps of thought, and lashed to 
foam by winds of theological disputation. Throughout New England, 
at the beginning of the century, there was a remarkable quickening of 
intelligence and spiritual aspiration. Modern ideas were beginning to 
shape themselves. In their studies the ministers were talking about new 
interpretations of the Scriptures and new thoughts of the fatherhood 
of God and of the salvation of all men. And the pews, conscious 
that something was in the air, listened eagerly for every fresh utterance. 
An indication that Gloucester First Church had its face to the future 
and its soul awake is afforded in the choice of minister it made upon 
the death of Mr. Forbes. Perez Lincoln, of Hingham, was called to 
that office, Aug. 7, 1805. Bred in the church of Dr. Gay, of Hing- 
ham, the earliest of the Unitarians, he was one of the young and 



50 l^JVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

growing minds of the time. At his ordination, the Rev. Peter Whit- 
ney, of my own church in Quincy, preached the sermon. I count Mr. 
Whitney among the liberals, and his being chosen to take the most 
prominent part in the ordination is additional indication of the modern 
tendencies of Mr. Lincoln. But in the minister who followed him the 
liberals received a distinct setback. Mr. Levi Hartshorn, ordained 
Oct. i8, 1815, is described as one who dwelt much upon the awful 
degeneracy and ruin of man. He did not succeed, however, in bring- 
ing the congregation back to the old standards. Indeed, the effect of 
his preaching was just the opposite of this. The old doctrines were 
presented in such a terrible light that most of the people were con- 
firmed in their dislike of them. One of the older ladies of the parish 
says she remembers when Mr. Hartshorn chose a hymn with this verse 

in it : — 

" Down in the deep, where darkness dwells, 

A land of horror and despair, 

Justice has fixed a dreadful hell, 

And thousands walk together there." 

The choir refused to sing it, and so persisted in its refusal that the 
minister was forced to select another hymn. Mr. Hartshorn, on 
account of illness, did not remain here long enough to witness the 
utter futility of his preaching. His last sermon was delivered Sept. 5, 
18 19, the year of Channing's famous Baltimore sermon, which sum- 
moned so many of the old parishes to range themselves as Unitarians 
on the side of rational Christianity. 

With the departure of Hartshorn went forever, as we trust, the 
preaching of Calvinism in the pulpit of this ancient church. The 
people were determined they would have no more of it. As a conse- 
quence there ensued the clashing of opinions, and for about six years 
the church and congregation failed to call a minister. That the 
liberals were in the ascendency seems likely from the character of the 
ministers who most frequently supplied the pulpit. The Rev. Orville 
Dewey, the famous Unitarian divine, preached here some twenty months, 
and it was only by a small adverse majority that a parish call to the pas- 
torate failed. There is no evidence of any action by " the church." 
Dewey's first ministerial experience was here, and it is said, that while 
here he became conscious his views were the same as Channing's. 

At last, in 1825, the church and parish united in extending a call 
to the Rev. Hosea Hildreth, and he was ordained the 3d of August. 
This was a distinct advance toward pure and undogmatic Christianity, 
for Mr. Hildreth was of the new school which emphasized conduct in 






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OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 51 

religion and contemned the creeds. He called himself a Bible Chris- 
tian, and gave the strength of mind and heart to the advancement of 
education, temperance, and righteousness. One of his first acts was to 
prepare a new and simpler covenant, which the church unanimously 
accepted. He made no radical changes, however, being a quiet, schol- 
arly man with no taste for controversy. The entire body of worship- 
pers seemed united under him, and drifted calmly onward toward more 
bright and roomy latitudes. And it was a prosperous body, numbering 
about six hundred members, despite the fact that many Gloucester men 
would persist in fishing on Sunday, and that some had been drawn away 
by the Baptists and Methodists, then newly in town and busy proselyt- 
ing. Evidence of their prosperity is that a new meeting-house, the one 
we are now occupying, was built for the use of First Church, and was 
dedicated Dec. 25, 1828. 

It was shortly after this, in May of 1829, that the first indication 
was discovered of the existence of dissatisfaction in the church. The 
pastor stated to a church meeting that he had learned with surprise 
that the two deacons had complained to the Salem Association that 
they were not satisfied with their minister. Whereupon " it was voted 
unanimously that it is disorderly for a member, or members, of the 
church to go abroad and make complaints of dilificulties in the church 
or with the pastor, instead of first endeavoring for a reconciliation at 
home." But the deacons would not be brought to countenance any 
latitudinarianism in their minister, and six months afterward, with five 
women of the church, asked to be dismissed. Mr. Hildreth, who was 
a very sensitive man, was much hurt by this request and in an affec- 
tionate manner tried to turn them from their purpose. None of them 
would avow that the minister had changed his sentiments since they 
called him. The fact seems to be that these seven had been toned up 
in their orthodoxy, and that they had changed and were siding with 
those in New England, who, under the lead of men like Dr. Lyman 
Beecher, were arraying themselves against the liberal thought of the 
times. The dissentients were finally dismissed, and with Christian 
courtesy commended by First Church " to the grace of our Lord Jesus 
Christ, in the hope that they will be united with some other church in 
which they may be edified, happy and useful." But instead of joining 
some other church they organized a church of their own six days after- 
ward, on the 17th of November, 1829, and called it the " Evangelical 
Congregational Church." 

This defection did not much trouble First Church, and its pastor, 
at the end of his fifth year of service, Aug. 8, 1830, could reckon five 



52 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

hundred and eighty-two souls belonging to his congregation, of whom 
sixty-five were resident members of the church. 

Mr. Hildreth resigned in 1833. His successor, the Rev. Luther 
Hamilton, a more aggressive Unitarian, was installed Nov. 12, 1834. 
The congregation was so sure of its theological position that it gave 
him a call in parish meeting without first receiving the concurrence 
of the church members. Indeed, things had come to such a curious 
pass that five men could prevent concurrence, and it was very likely 
that the knowledge of this led the parish to ignore the inner circle 

of the church. 

It would be an interesting matter to go into the details of this 
affair and show how it has been misrepresented to the disadvantage of 
First Church, but this already has been done so dispassionately, thor- 
oughly and scholarly, by your esteemed fellow-parishioner, Mr. Joseph 
L Stevens, that nothing further need be said. I will simply remind 
you of the absurdity of the position of the five church members who 
tried to divert the stream of our history into the backward-trending 
channel which had been newly dug and named the " Evangehcal 
Congregational Church." 

That inner circle of covenanted members, called the church, was 
fast becoming a close and obstructive corporation. It did not repre- 
sent the strength, wealth, or the religion of the worshippers of First 
Church. Although more women than men composed the membership 
of it it was customary when any important business was to be done 
for the "males" to meet alone. So it was a meeting of "the male 
members of First Church" which voted "that it was a departure from 
immemorial usage" for the parish to call Mr. Hamilton without first 
asking the concurrence of the church. And it was another meeting 
of "the male members," five in number, which voted, Nov. 8, 1834, 
"that all connection between this church and the First Parish in 
Gloucester be now dissolved." 

To be sure there were sixteen women, to say nothing of one or 
two men, who were members of the church, and who were clothed with 
equal rights by law, and who would not have upheld the actions of the 
five dissentients. No matter, these five, who said imperiously, "We are 
the church," considered they had done all that religious controversy 
required, when they merely ordered their transactions to be com- 
municated to the sisters. Furthermore, by their vote severing them- 
selves from this church, they had cut;themselves off like a branch from 
the tree which gave them life, and were in the eye of the law dead as 
to church relationship, yet they went on in their absurd course, pre- 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 53 

senting the interest of the church fund to the EvangeHcal Congrega- 
tional Church, distributing the fund itself, and borrowing the church 
records wiih no thought of returning them. And this exercise of 
sectarian prerogative is put forth as ground why the EvangeHcal church 
" has some claim to the history and the records of the mother church ! " 
The records have been returned, and it is to be hoped, that in further 
acknowledgment that a false position was taken, nothing more will ever 
be said about a just claim to the history of the First Church. 

From this controversy your church would have emerged uninjured 
but for still another and deeper cutting conflict. Your unity in the 
liberal faith was enough to carry you triumphantly over differences in 
theology; but what can suffice to bear any organization successfully 
through a political wrangle? You could, without serious hurt, part 
with such as felt they would be better pleased with the ministry of Mr. 
Nickels, who "commended himself to his people from the beginning 
by his evangelical preaching, for his first sermon was on total deprav- 
ity." But it was hard to lose those of the same faith with you who felt 
compelled to leave on account of the political partisanship of this same 
Mr. Hamilton, in calling whom you had stirred up the five zealous church 
members. This minister stayed with you only a year, but the church 
was shaken to its foundations. A lower point it had never reached. 
Still you did not lose heart. And though for two years without a set- 
tled minister, you carried on the appointed work of a religious organi- 
zation, and the sixteen women and one man maintained the existence 
of the inner church which the five male members who withdrew declared 
had died by their fiat. The records had not yet been returned, and 
you were under the necessity of framing a new covenant. 

In 1836 you took a new start under Rev. Josiah K. Waite, who 
was installed July 19, 1837, none but Unitarians taking part in the ser- 
vices. He reanimated you. His earnestness, faithfulness, and public 
spirit exerted an influence for good which was felt beyond First Church. 
He it was who in 1836 framed the organization of the Female Charitable 
Association, whose membership was almost wholly within this church, 
and whose first secretary was Mrs. Lucy D. Rogers. You began to 
prosper once more. Steadily you made progress, instructed at a later 
day by that rare student, the Rev. WilHani Mountford, and were carried 
still further on by the wise ministry of the Rev. R. P. Rogers, the quiet 
cheer and inspiration of the Rev. Minot G. Gage, the eloquence of 
the Rev. J. S. Thomson, and the practical leading and sound common 
sense of my good friend, the Rev. J. B. Green. 

So comes this church to the end of its quarter millennial, its his- 



54 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

tory during this period that of earnest, sensible people, honestly striv- 
ing to live with God and to fashion their lives according to his laws. 
We gratefully remember them ; we think of those of them we ourselves 
knew, gone now forevermore. How sturdily they labored in the times 
of their poverty and peril ! How faithful to the light in hours of theo- 
logical perplexity ! Their influence for good in this community is not 
to be measured. All things pure and noble, patriotic and charitable, — 
the cause of education, of temperance, of good citizenship, of spiritual 
religion, have been supported by the people of this dear old First 
Church of Christ in Gloucester. The mother of six other churches, she 
is yet the youngest in spirit of them all. She is full of hope, her soul is 
open to new truths, she trusts the freedom of thought, her face is turned 
to where the daylight springs. As a Puritan she welcomed what was 
newest and grandest in that age ; as a rational Christian she now wel- 
comes the latest revelations of spiritual love and far-reaching science. 

In the two hundred and fifty years or more of her history what 
changes in thought, in population, in social circumstances, have taken 
place. You have been affected by these changes. Some five different 
covenants have been considered and accepted. This does not prove 
that you have been unstable, but that you have been afloat as every 
good ship should be. It is evidence that you have met storms, that 
you have sailed into new latitudes, and with the intelligence of those 
accustomed to the great deep have adapted yourself to your place and 
the high purpose of your voyage. Beneath you now there is a strange 
and wide unrest. It is the movement of a vaster ocean of human life 
with its profounder mysteries, its wilder perils, its unaccountable sorrows. 
Fear not. Sail on as bravely as your captains have sailed the salt sea, 
the sound of whose breakers we may hear in the pauses of our worship. 
You cannot miss God. He holds also this troubled deep of human life 
in the hollow of his hands. Shape your course sympathetic to every 
aspiration of humanity. Employ new models and methods. Take your 
bearings by the central and eternal lights. Work hard ; work together ; 
love much ; live in God ; be obedient to the '• captain of your salvation." 
So shall you prosper in your voyage, and having come thus far with 
safety and rejoicing, you shall go on and the desired haven in God's 
good time be reached. 

[Note. In writing this liistoiical discourse I received valuable assistance 
from Mr. Joseph L. Stevens, and in preparing it for the press I have been aided 
by his careful revision of it. This acknowledgment I make with pleasure to 
one who was long a member of First Church, and a citizen of Gloucester, and who 
affectionately cherishes the noble traditions of both. — Daniel M. Wilson.] 




McCLLRE CHAl'EL, 1 ISHERMt.N S liETHKL. 



Eminaimel O. Charlton, 
Chaplain, 1892. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 55 

At six o'clock in the afternoon, a vesper service was conducted, 
with the following program : — 

Voluntary. 

Anthem. " Father in Heaven." — Dorr. 

(Tenor Solo and Quartette.) Mr. Noble. 
Service. 
Duet. '■' It is of the Lord's great mercies." — Noligne. 

Mr. Williams and Mr. Bruce. 
Prayer. 
Response. 

Scripture Reading. 

Motet. " I cannot always trace the way." — Dorr. 
Prayer. 

Hymn. "Nearer, my God, to Thee." — Johjison. 
Hymn No. 149. 
Benediction. 

The musical part of these programs was given by Mrs. Preston 
Friend, organist ; Mr. Robert Bruce, director; and the Apollo Quar- 
tette of Boston, Messrs. B. E. Noble, first tenor; T. H. Williams, 
second tenor; Robert Bruce, baritone; G. A. Bunton, bass. 



INDEPENDENT CHRISTIAN CHURCH. 

At the Independent Christian Church (Universalist), elaborate 
preparations had also been made. The pulpit platform was a mass of 
green and cut flowers. The musical program was of a high order, and 
the beautiful church was crowded with attentive listeners. 

The program was as follows : — 

Prelude. Will A. Robinson. 

Hymn. "Come, thou Almighty King." Congregation. 

Anthem. 

Quartette — Miss Hussey, Miss Pew, Mr. Cowen, Mr. Pugh. 
Invocation. 
Solo. Miss Hussey. 
Scripture Reading. Pastor. 
Anthem. 
Prayer. 

Solo. Mr. Pugh. 

Hymn. "In pleasant lands have fallen the lines." 
Sermon. 

Duet. Messrs. Pugh and Cowen. 
Hymn. " Long be our Father's temple ours." 
doxology. 
Benediction. 



56 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The pastor, Rev. William H. Rider, preached the following 
historical sermon : — 

"The Lord our God be with us, as He was with our fathers: let Him not 
leave us nor forsake us." — i Kings viii. 57. 

With becoming gratitude Gloucester begins at the altars of God 
the celebration of her two hundred and fiftieth anniversary. 

Anniversaries of early New England events are almost always 
closely related to religious movements; indeed, religion was the very 
mother, nursing the civil polity and rearing the institutions which dis- 
tinguished this section of our grand republic ; her enterprises would 
neither have been undertaken, nor persisted in, nor led on to success, 
had not religion furnished the mainspring, the guiding motive, and the 
end aimed at. 

Well then may the Lord's day usher in the gladness of the week 
set apart for the honoring of Gloucester's portion in our New England 
heritage, — a portion as honorable at home and abroad, on land and sea, 
as truly American as that of any section, and eminently as Christian, in 
one regard pre-eminently so. 

If other towns and cities justly celebrate their contributions in 
the formative periods of national life, Gloucester, with exceptional 
pride, may point to her historic struggle for the right of the individual 
to exercise the dictates of conscience, — her championship for all the 
religious denominations of the Commonwealth. 

In this grand battle her sons and daughters gave a love as gen- 
erous as their wide Atlantic, a loyalty as steadfast as their granite 
headlands, supplementing their devotion to America by rearing this 
altar to the " One God and Father of all," bequeathing unto us a 
princely heritage charged with profound obligation to carry on in the 
spirit of love to God and man whatever is helpful and Christlike. 

Rejoicing then with all of our city's history, her advance in com- 
mercial interests, her growth and prosperity ; glad with the First 
Church in all its eventful history ; with the several denominations in 
their relations to this community, we, as children of this society, cele- 
brate to-day the one hundredth anniversary of the incorporation of this, 
the First Universalist Society in America, a fact which makes our city 
the Mecca of our faith, and which made her the battleground of the 
grandest struggle in the religious life of our country, her sons winning 
fullest freedom for every really devout spirit. 

The impartial student of the events which led to the settlement of 
our colonies by our English ancestors can only wonder at the temper 
which occasioned the act over which we thus so proudly rejoice. 



i 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 57 

The very womb of the free institutions, the life and history of New 
England, was evidently in the religious dissensions following the earlier 
stages of the Protestant reformation in the mother country. The asser- 
tion there in England of dissent from ecclesiastical authority was the 
mighty lever which has done such effective work on this Continent. 
" The northern half of America, as to government, owes its origin and 
•development to those agencies in which the English colonists had 
leading part." (Ellis.) 

It would thus seem that from the time when Bonner, in the reign 
of Queen Mary, burned alive John Rough, the minister, and Cuthbert 
Symson, the deacon of the first Separatist or Independent Church, of 
.all religious people the outlawed and exiled Puritans would be the most 
tolerant and sympathetic of seekers after Christian life. 

When, too, we review the intense earnestness which stimulated 
the founders of the colonies at Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay, we 
are led to expect from such souls a catholic reception to any sincere 
view of God, especially when one reads in John Robinson's farewell at 
Leyden that the Lord has more truths yet to break forth out of his 
Holy Word. 

Surely among the descendants of such a class any theological con- 
ception, honoring to the Father and hopeful for man, would be hailed 
as the fulfilment of that early expectation of Robinson. 

Alas, that the record reads otherwise ; that the very bigotry which 
-drove them across the then hardly-known ocean to plant on these 
shores freedom and the right to worship God, found room to poison 
their minds and bar their hearts against any who in that freedom dif- 
fered from them. A jealous, selfish regard for their own belief made 
them as intolerant and bitter toward other Separatists or Independents 
as their English relatives of centuries before had been to their 
forefathers. 

When, in 1774, some few residents of Gloucester, who had read 
the writings of Rev. John Relly, of England, heard that one John 
Murray was preaching in Boston the doctrines they had come to love, 
they selected Winthrop Sargent, a representative citizen, to induce 
Mr. Murray to visit them and instruct them in the promise of God's 
love unto all men. Accordingly, on the third of November of that year, 
he came to this neighborhood, preaching, on account of the illness of the 
pastor, to the then recognized First Parish, and occasionally expound- 
ing the Word at meetings held in the residence of Mr. Sargent, 
standing in the rear of where now may be seen the First National 
Bank, corner of Main and Duncan streets. 

Soon partisan temper, which from the very first has sapped the 



58 TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Otherwise fair growth of the church, awoke unchristian strife. The 
First Parish, more anxious for converts to their cause than for truth, to 
tag men with some ecclesiastical mark than to enthuse them with filial 
love for the All Father, to enroll them as members than to fire them 
with the glow of noble living, regardless of what name or system, began 
a bitter social, civil, and religious persecution. 

But why dwell on what is so familiar to you, as descendants of 
those outraged families, and what has quite passed away from the 
disposition of to-day? 

Enough that the patriotic and moral character of the founders of 
Universalism in our country and the revered names of the original 
compacters of this society have come down, all the more illustrious 
because of the struggle in which they proved themselves to be of ster- 
ling stuff. Enough that after serving as chaplain in the Continental 
Army by direct commission from General Washington ; after bringing 
substantial aid to Gloucester from the leading spirits of the Revolution? 
thus manifesting a fraternal regard for the whole community ; after, 
indeed, a vote of the town in 1776, expressing its thanks to the donors 
and Mr. Murray, public sentiment, forgetful of past favors, became so 
warped by partisan ambition that, in February of the following year, it 
demanded their benefactor to quit the town, and publicly suspended 
from the church his followers, annoying in every possible way the 
adherents to the doctrine of Divine paternity and human brotherhood. 

Forced to organization, the stalwart defenders of the gospel of God's 
love bound themselves, on Jan. i, 1779, "as an Independent Church of 
Christ, resolved by God's grace whether blest with the public preach- 
ing of the Word or not, to meet together to supplicate the divine favor, 
to praise our redeeming God, to hear his most Holy Word." 

This society of sixty-one persons was destined to an exceptionally 
brave and Christian conflict, — the real separation of State and Church, 
a recognition of the individual right to worship. Such was the grand 
struggle which in this Commonwealth was to settle the question of 
centuries, and the men and women who under God were set apart for 
so noble a battle were your fathers and mothers. 

Under the Bill of Rights of Massachusetts, that First Independent 
Church of Gloucester contended for freedom from parish rule and eccle- 
siastical control. The defenders of the arbitrary and dogmatic position 
of the territorial or recognized church assumed authority to decide by 
their little standard what was and was not a religious body, who was 
and was not a religious teacher. In this pharisaical conceit Uni- 
versalists were held as irreligious, and Murray, their teacher, equally 
beyond Christian standing. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 59 

In this very modest temper the established First Parish levied a 
tax upon the leading Independents. 

This might have been avoided, by applying to the Legislature, but 
such recourse seemed both contrary to the inalienable rights of man 
and to the catholic spirit of the gospel of Jesus Christ. The society 
appealed rather to an impartial public in an address as dignified, rea- 
sonable, and full of gallant argument as of Christian purpose, as any 
found in the religious history of America. 

" We should feel ourselves highly criminal," they wrote, " in 
making the application. Providence has so ordered it that we should 
in the first instance be called upon to contend for those religious liber- 
ties preserved by our excellent Constitution, and should we fly to the 
law maker instead of that great law made by the people to govern 
Legislature itself, we should in our apprehension betray our country's 
freedom and act a cowardly part. We should feel very unhappy if there 
was no other security in these matters than acts of legislation, which 
might be repealed at any time when a particular party should prevail." 

An open field and a fair fight those valiant soldiers of the cross 
asked for, but this manly appeal only pricked on to cunning effort their 
adversaries, who hired counsellors and by force would cause the great 
work to cease. The parish with all the violence of the law seized and 
sold at auction in 1782, the goods of three members of the Independent 
or Universalist Church ; from Winthrop Sargent, some English goods ; 
from Epes Sargent, silver plate ; from David Pearce, the anchor of his 
vessel about to sail, while William Pearce was lodged in Salem jail 
because of his refusal to pay the tax. 

At length in 1786, the courts were compelled to side with justice, 
and Judge Dana ruled that the Constitution was meant for a liberal 
purpose applied to all religious societies, and under it Mr. Murray was 
a teacher of piety, religion, and morality. 

Thus seemingly the battle ended in triumphant vindication of the 
champions for religious freedom, the First Universalist Church of 
America. This Gloucester Society of Independents gained the victory 
for every sect in our Commonwealth. It overthrew parish persecution 
and made room for light and life. 

Galled by the decision, the defeated parish sought some new 
legality to defeat the evident spirit of American toleration, and again, 
in 1790, brought action because the society was not incorporated. 

Akin with every mean, selfish, and criminal intent, it sought, 
under cover of what might be legal, to draw the knife and plunge it to 
the very hilt into the bleeding heart of the unprotected. Oh, lovers 
of the law, how in all time your class has ranked the cruel and the 



6o TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

murderous ! Well did the great dramatist outline in Shylock the most 
inhuman and crafty temper, which by reason of its legal bond would 
kill if only it could feed fat its grudge. 

This action compelled petition, and on June 28, 1792, the Legis- 
lature granted the act of incorporation to this society, under the name 
of the Independent Christian Church in Gloucester. 

Since then a century has passed, and to-day in the quiet posses- 
sion of church and of religious freedom, we come to do honor to that 
brave, persistent love, and to that continued loyalty which has enabled 
the descendants of these founders to uphold the faith transmitted by 
such Christian valor and such American regard for the eternal right. 

From being an ostracised body seeking to practise piety, morality, 
and to live in the blessed promise of triumphant love, the hope of 
"That one far off divine event toward which the whole creation tends," 
" One family in heaven and earth named in the Lord Jesus," we have 
seven distinct societies on the territory originally embraced by Glouces- 
ter, having five ministering pastors and a following unequalled by that 
of any Protestant denomination on the Cape. 

Were we not so strong on this famous battlefield ; had we less 
following abroad ; were our faith not the very hope of the world leaven- 
ing the loaf of religious belief, and echoing low and sweet in the deep 
confidence that feeds the hearts of all worshippers, yet this day would 
fill our souls with joy, as it repeats the denial and heroism of those who 
dared to champion the love of God and the rights of man. Had we 
no colleges ; no theological schools ; no academies ; no representative 
men, nor eloquent advocates in nearly every sect ; no seers ; no poets 
in attractive lines telling of the eternal goodness ; if literature was not 
full of happy expectation when God and man shall be at one, a divine 
unity still that this single society had stood out for, a truly American 
and democratic faith, would be glory enough for one denomination. 

A truly American faith the democracy of religion, for while I 
honor all the divisions of the church of Christ, and am glad at their 
every advance since it means victory to the cause of God and man ; 
while 1 hail in joyful comradeship every soldier of the cross, yet am I 
proud to belong to a section of the army of the Lord that was organized 
in the spirit of human brotherhood wide as the race of man, and in the 
love of God that shall at last sound the trumpet that declares harmony 
throughout the united universe. 

I am proud to count myself one of this catholic body who have 
from the first asked that our religious liberties be as broad as our polit- 
ical freedom, and in almost presumptuous faith has lifted the democracy 
of earth into unity with the saints ever with God. 




TRINITY CONGREGATIONAL CHl'RCH, erected 18.,4. 
Rufus P. Hibbard, Christopher M. Nickels, I). l». 

Pastor, 1892. Pastor, 1835. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 6 1 

To do adequate honor to the remembrance of our fathers, and the 
obUgation of this day, what earnest endeavor, what fideUty, what 
advance, we must put into our day and generation. 

Inheritance is awful. To know one's ancestors is to feel the 
seriousness of living, the intensi y of effort, the weight of responsible 
work left for our fulfilling. 

Yes, if Emerson is just, and to be the equals of our fathers we 
must be their superiors, then you and I are under the tremendous 
obligation of putting grand conduct, helpful organization, Christlike 
association, into all we do. 

Performance, not preservation, is our word. Not to keep, but to 
grow, our duty. In something done, something lived, some wider 
thought, some Christlike atmosphere, made so by our presence, lies 
true honor to the past. 

It is no service of congratulation merely, no praising of our fathers' 
deeds, but a most prayerful and aspiring hour, when in consciousness 
of the living God we ask for His favor, and pledge ourselves, under 
•Him, to successful advance. 



THE TRINITY CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

At the Trinity Church, also, the same elaborate preparations had 
been made. Beautiful floral decorations, an elaborate musical program, 
and a powerful sermon by the pastor, Rev. Rufus P. Hibbard, served 
to make the exercises memorable to the large audience gathered within 
the spacious edifice. The following is a very brief summary of the 
discourse of Mr. Hibbard, the text being, i Samuel xv. 22: "To 
obey is better than to sacrifice." The first part of the sermon was 
devoted to explaining the meaning of "To obey." 

" To obey," said he, " means, I think, to listen, to hearken. It is 
to subject our will to the will of another, not because we see the reason, 
but because we have faith. God gives commands, sometimes giving 
explanations, but often he does not. This church has several times 
had trials under circumstances reasons for which were not easily 
understood. Theirs was true obedience. 

" Coming here, as I did," said he, " but a few years ago, my 
knowledge of the past history of the church, previous to the anniversary 
in 1879, ^s well as the local sentiments, has been obtained by reading 
and talking with others familiar with the subject. God in the past has 
come to this church and has tested it. In other words, there have 
been crises in the history of the church. 

" There came a time when a few members of the old church 



62 ry/O HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

decided to establish themselves separately. For years they endured 
the sneers and ridicule of others who asked what could this little band 
of two men and five women be doing, standing alone and apart, leaving 
the mother church and all its memories and surroundings. But they 
triumphed, and after years of struggle, after being tried by God, they 
prospered. 

" Another crisis came on the question, What was a Christian and 
Christian conduct? There was danger of a division and many went 
out, but the church stood and triumphed, although sorely tried and 
troubled. Christ has been here and the prosperity this church has had 
is the result." 



PROSPECT STREET METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

At this church, also, a special service had been prepared, and a 
large audience had gathered to take part in the exercise. Flowers 
adorned the rostrum, and a choice musical program was rendered. 
Rev. William F. Cook, the pastor, preached an eloquent sermon, of 
which the following brief extract is given : — 

His subject was " Lessons from the Past," and although it touched 
but little upon the history of Gloucester, it was made interesting by his 
able argument upon what the churches of the city should do and their 
conditions. 

"In 1824," he said, "George Pickering preached in Gloucester, 
and organized a society composed of eight Methodists. The selectmen 
of the town, who were also members of the First Parish, called upon 
him about this time and ordered him to leave the town, charging him 
with disturbing the religious peace. He was considered quite danger- 
ous, though not for any evil deed he had done. Pickering, who was a 
powerful man, simply replied that as long as he could see any benefits 
from his labors he would remain. After that he was never disturbed. 

"The church was organized in 1826 with twenty-eight members, 
and in 1839 had grown to one hundred and ninety-two members, when 
the Riverdale Church was set off, and its present membership is three 
hundred and eleven. The church has had thirty-four pastors, all of 
whom were godly men." 

He claimed that the churches of the city are behind the people 
and merely hold their own, while the people are steadily increasing and 
more wealth is coming to them. What does all this mean? It means 
that the churches are in ruts too narrow for the accomplishment of 
much, and are engaged in saving themselves instead of the people 
In fact, they are agleep while their children have wandered away. No , 




^Vi.Ha.uK.C-ook,l^:;:::^"Sj "^''''^'' ^'ETHODIST church. :ssx 

Aaron Waite, First Past. 



1X2G. 



i 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 63 

the churches have not kept pace with the city's growth. They must 
get out from those ruts, throw aside all prejudices and unite in the 
work. In closing, he urged his people to stand by him in this new 
movement of enlivening church work. 



McCLURE CHAPEL, FISHERMEN'S INSTITUTE. 

For the Fishermen's Institute, the day was singularly memorable. 
The new building purchased only a few months before for their use on 
Duncan Street was occupied for the first time, and a large audience 
gathered in the afternoon at the dedicatory exercises in McClure Chapel. 
Many of the city pastors were present and took part in the exercises. 
Here, too, flowers made the place beautiful, and a special musical 
program was rendered. Rev. Emmanuel C. Charlton, the pastor, 
delivered the address and spoke feelingly of the Institute, its work 
among the fishermen, its hopes for the future. A gift of five thousand 
dollars was announced from Mrs. Maria T. McClure, a summer resident 
at Magnolia, a long-time friend of the Institute, and for whom the 
chapel was named. 

ST. ANNE'S CATHOLIC CHURCH. 

Of peculiar appropriateness were the exercises at this church. 
The floral decorations were simple, but very beautiful. The music was 
especially adapted to the day, and the sermon by the venerable pastor, 
Rev. Jeremiah J. Healey, was a strong plea in behalf of his beloved 
church. To the several services of the morning crowds came, limited 
only by the seating capacity of the spacious edifice. 



THE PORTUGUESE CATHOLIC CHURCH. 

Rev. Francis U. De Bem, pastor of this church (the Church of the 
Lady of the Good Voyage), preached an appropriate sermon, and 
flowers decked the altars. The music, of a high order, was beautifully 
rendered, and crowds of devoted worshippers were present. 



AT THE OTHER CHURCHES. 



At the First Baptist Church, Rev. Dr. W. T. Chase, of Philadelphia, 
preached upon " The Possible God, the Ideal Force and Foundation of 
Character," and a special musical program was given. At St. John's 
Episcopal Church, Rev. Dr. Lobdell, of Buffalo, officiated, his sermon 



64 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

being from the text, " Be ye perfect even as your Father who is ii> 
heaven is perfect." Flowers were placed on the altar and the music 
was fitting to the day. At the Chapel Street Baptist Church, Rev. T. E. 
Busfield, of Bangor, Me., preached. At one of the Rockport churches. 
Rev. Mr. Small, the pastor, preached on "The celebration, or God 
pleased with the prosperity of the people." And at all the other 
churches on the Cape, special sermons had been prepared, the music 
was particularly appropriate, and crowded houses attested the interest 
of all the people in the opening religious observances of the celebra- 
tion. It has been impossible to gather the manuscript of all these 
sermons for publication, much as the committee wished. The lapse 
of years, the changes in pastorates, and the occupying of some of the 
pulpits by ministers from afar have made the completeness of this part 
of our record impossible. 



WEST GLOUCESTER CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

At the West Gloucester Congregational Church, the exercises were 
appropriate to the day and the occasion. As the representative society 
of the Second Parish of the old town, it was fitting that a special 
program should be offered. Here, too, flowers decked the pulpit 
platform . 

The Rev. George O. Jenness, a former pastor, preached an inter- 
esting sermon, of which the following brief abstract is given : — 

Deut. iv. 32, and Job viii. 8. You ask now of the days that are past. 
Inquire, I pray thee, of the former age. 

The charm of history, it is said, lies largely in its contrasts. 

To-day, on the eve of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of 
the city of Gloucester, it seems appropriate that the pulpits of the city 
should be leaders in the search for such contrasts in connection with 
the history of the city, as will lend additional interest to this important 
approaching event. 

Within the limits of a single half-hour's discourse, it will be impos- 
sible to enter largely into interesting details of our history. It is not 
necessary, and we will not, therefore, attempt it. 

If any of my hearers wish to pursue further the history of the city 
in detail, and thus glean many other charms than those possible for me 
to mention within the limits of this discourse, I refer you to the printed 
history of the city, just issued by Mr. Pringle. 

The first interesting contrast I would submit for your contempla- 




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OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 65 

tion is discovered only by a glance backward two hundred and seventy- 
eight years over the history of this region, away back to 16 14. 

I. I refer to the existing state of things at that period when that 
intrepid explorer, Capt. John Smith, secured from Prince Charles the 
re-naming of all this locality in honor of his mother, Anne of Denmark 
which subsequently came to be the Cape Ann of to-day. 

Most of you may not suspect it, but it seems to be a fact, neverthe- 
less, that in that far-off period, piracy was regarded by the inhabitants 
of this coast generally as a more honorable and dignified occupation 
than the industry of fishing. And according to a very recent writer, 
" it required a very fierce and valorous fight, by such a no less impor- 
tant historic person than Capt. John Smith himself, to win the sturdy 
inhabitants of this coast over to an acceptance of the fishing business 
as equal even in dignity Xo piracy T 

Now contemplate with me, just a moment, if you please, the 
amazing contrast which two hundred and fifty years have wrought. 

Piracy, once almost universal, has ceased, because the armed 
vessels of nominally Christian nations are floating their heavy batteries 
in almost every nook and corner of the navigable world. And what of 
the once despised fishing vessel? No longer in the background, cower- 
ing in fear and shame behind the black standard of piracy, she boldly 
and beautifully stretches her white wings toward every breeze, and 
glides with conscious superior dignity and honor into every important 
part of the world. 

In the torrid, temperate, and arctic seas she sails, carrying the 
products of these vast waters to millions who cannot themselves go 
down to the sea in great ships, and yet who relish her bountiful prod- 
ucts as good food for body and brain. 

II. The second interesting contrast worthy of note is in relation 
to the many rugged rocks and caverns within the limits of the city. 

According to an article in one of the August magazines there was 
much vexation of spirit among our superstitious Puritan ancestry, — 
and " marvellous tales " of diabolism and infernal revellings among 
these dark and deep recesses and caverns of the Cape were supposed 
to be constantly transpiring. These tales have been preserved by 
Cotton Mather in the " Magnalia Christi," and which Whittier has told 
in the poem beginning with this fine description of the Cape : — 

" From the hills of home forth looking, far beneath the tent-like span 
Of the sky, I see the white gleam of the headland of Cape Ann, 
Well I know its coves and beaches to the ebb-tide glimmering down, 
And the white walled hamlet children of its ancient fishing town." 



66 TWO HUNDRED AMD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The story of the mysterious beings called the " Warlocks," "who," 
it is said, " were finally driven away by the prayers of the godly garrison 
of the block-house," you may not all have read ; but can readily con- 
ceive how easily a superstitious fancy might conjure up a very formida- 
ble and even fearful body of evil spirits among such places as Ralf's 
Chasm and other less conspicuous caverns. 

But, lo ! how changed the present condition of things ! These 
rocky caverns and indentures are now studded with clusters of living 
and curious searchers, not after spirits, for they are already filled with 
another kind of spirit — the spirit of adventure ; and yearly, in the 
balmy summer-time, while old ocean breathes inspiriting zephyrs upon 
them, thousands from East, West, North, and South, with cheerful 
voice and elastic step, go skipping from rock to rock, from cave to 
cave, seeking only for some new and charming impression of the mar- 
vellous display of skill in the handiwork of the Christian's God. And, 
verily, could some of those superstitious inhabitants of these parts two 
hundred and fifty years ago visit our world now and enjoy a trip along 
the North Shore, how keenly would they relish the transformation from 
imaginary imps to modern belles hovering around the entrances to 
these quaint caverns. 

III. The third and last, but by no means the least, contrast 
•worthy of mention in connection with my subject is in relation to the 
bitterness of the religious denominational spirit. 

I suppose no one of ordinary intelligence, who has read carefully, 
will attempt to deny that from the advent of John Murray, the first 
Universalist preacher, into the city of Gloucester, for quite a number 
of years there was a very bitter, and perhaps unchristian, spirit shown 
between Universalism and Orthodoxy. The practical duties and bless- 
ings of the Christian life were remanded largely to the background, 
and the supreme effort of those mighty intellectual giant preachers of 
the times was directed too frequently toward the mere discussion of 
purely theological or doctrinal dogmas. The struggle in this particular, 
■we have reason to believe, was a long, animated, yea, even fierce one 
at times. No one was made any better for it, but much bitterness of 
feeling and sentiment engendered, and multitudes of grand opportuni- 
ties for combined religious, benevolent, and philanthropic work were 
forever lost. 

Many a poor fisherman's family no doubt suffered the pangs of 
hunger and distress, while these giants of the pulpit were occupying 
their fertile minds about the limitations of God's plans for punishing 
sin. Doubtless, in many instances, the thought of the misery of living 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 6/ 

human bodies was completely buried beneath the overwhelming ava- 
lanche of belligerent thought concerning the departed spirits of a 
billion years to come. 

Now, if you please, mark the agreeable contrast in Gloucester at 
the present time. So far as I know, there have been no acrimonious 
dogmatic discussions between UniversaUsm and Orthodoxy for quite a 
number of years. 

The theological barriers between the two may be just the same as 
ever, but they do not prevent the frequent coming together of their 
leaders to work heartily and vigorously with each other for the pushing 
of many much-needed practical reforms. 

And now, I know you will pardon me and overlook my seeming 
egotism when I, at the close of this part of my subject, place before 
you an incident from real life, illustrative in some measure of my last 
thought. 

I will, however, by way of a preface, invite you to submit to a 
considerable stretch of your imagination. We will draw upon the 
imagination to suppose the existence, as far back as the historic period 
of about the year 1780 of a veritable steamer, the " City of Gloucester," 
plying daily, as now, between Boston and Gloucester. Seated within 
the cabin of that vessel is the great exponent of Universalism, Rev. 
John Murray, conversing familiarly with an acquaintance. Scarcely is 
the vessel out of sight of the harbor, before I see entering that narrow 
cabin door the form of the Rev. Dr. Eli Forbes, called to the First 
Parish in '76, the great and earnest defender of pure and unadulterated 
orthodoxy. 

Do these two great champions greet each other cordially, with the 
love of Christ filling their hearts and controlling their lips? 

Far be it from my purpose to dare to breathe aught of disrespect 
to the blessed memory of these good men in the picture I am sketch- 
ing, but I venture to conclude them both to be altogether too full of 
the denominational spirit. And so the result of our imagination tends 
to picture them as greeting each other rather stiffly, if not defiantly, 
and then spending the rest of the voyage in a heated controversy over 
the Bible teaching as to the duration of punishment for transgression. 

Now, in contrast to this picture, let me tell you that on Friday last 
as I really entered the cabin of the real " City of Gloucester," on my 
way here to fill my weekly appointment, the very first man I met was the 
Rev. W. H. Rider, pastor of the First Universalist parish, where the 
Rev. John Murray used to expound the doctrines of Universalism. I 
had met him before. We had talked together at a temperance meeting 



68 TfVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

on the same platform. We had both stood together on another occa- 
sion and raised our voices in eulogy of the same starry flag at a modern 
school-house flag raising. Did we greet each other icily or in any 
measure under restraint, because of our denominational differences? 
There was not the least occasion for that. Did we discuss theology at 
all? We both knew that would be a simple waste of time, for both of 
us, thank God, are honestly established, and have not the least desire 
to disturb each other's moorings. 

What did we do? Why, Mr. Rider sat down by my side and, in 
his genial way, called me brother, — and assuredly, not living in 1780, 
but in 1892, and sincerely believing that Christian brotherhood must 
not of necessity imply theological harmony, though it must invariably 
mean Christian affection, I took no exception to the greeting, and we 
had a real pleasant chat, in which many of the practical phases of the 
workings of the Christianity of the present day were discussed to our 
advantage and mutual satisfaction. 

Now, then, closing my words upon this part of my subject, which 
this great and interesting event just before us suggests, let me do it 
with the single remark that, in inquiry of the past and of the former 
age, as our text suggests, the results, in many other ways|than these few 
I have mentioned, lead me to rejoice with inexpressible delight that I 
live in the present rather than in the past conditions of our great and 
important city. 



THE ANNISQUAM UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. 

At this historic church, the third parish in the town's history, a 
large audience gathered to participate in the special services prepared 
for the day. Rev. George W. Penniman, the pastor, spoke eloquently 
of the anniversary and the lessons of the past in the following sermon : 

THE PURITAN INFLUENCE. 

Extract from a Sermon Preached by Rev. G. W. Penniman in the 
Third Parish Church (Annisquam Universalist), Sunday, Aug. 
21, 1892. 

John x. 10. I am come that they might have life, and that they might have 
it more abundantly. 

With the possible exception of the early apostolic church, there 
has never been a band of Christian disciples who have more faithfully 
and efficiently worked out this purpose of the Master than the Puritans 
of New England. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 69 

It is harder for us to appreciate the Puritan's best than his worst 
side ; harder to appreciate his strong, edifying nation-building and 
democracy-founding faith, than it is to see the narrow and petty faults 
and foibles which attached to his character, which the last generation 
or two have bitterly struggled against, and which the present generation 
laughs at. Nevertheless, hard to appreciate as it is the force and vital 
influence of New England, Puritanism was the most potent influence 
in the making of America. We all feel this somewhat vaguely. 

Though in the apparently revolutionized nature of our institutions 
and life, the distinct Puritan element may be hard to see, I am sure we 
shall not go far astray in claiming that no more marked and true 
characteristic of the Puritan can be made out than his thorough venera- 
tion for truth, and his abhorrence of shams. Veritas, truth, was the 
motto of the college which he planted at Cambridge, when it would 
seem that he might easily have excused his conscience from undertak- 
ing such a burden, when the eminently practical question of bread and 
butter and home building upon these rugged shores made such a stern 
demand upon his energies and resources. For truth and sincerity had 
been his contest in England, against what he had felt to be the empty 
forms and barren life of the church, and when nicknamed Puritan by 
the scorn of his enemies, he had come to glory in the name, as, after 
all, but a true expression of his aims. 

This intense zeal for truth and abhorrence of shams finds expres- 
sion in two quaUties which the true Puritan always exhibited, and 
which his true children have always manifested — stability and earnest- 
ness. A stability of character which could not satisfy itself with any- 
thing but what seemed the most solid foundations, the only real basis 
for a true and sincere life. This he, of course, thought was the relig- 
ious foundation. All else was as the house built upon the sands. 
Therefore, his first care in the establishment of any community, in the 
settling of any plantation, was the school and the church. If the little 
hamlet was too small to support two men, a schoolmaster and a min- 
ister, then the two functions must be combined in one ; it must be a 
layman who could preach as well as teach, or a minister who would 
teach as well as preach. Such was the first arrangement on this Cape, 
before ,the incorporation of the First Parish, in 1642. Religion and 
education, a thoughtful ministry and a thoughtful people, — such was 
the basis of the Puritan's society. So radically did he push this prin- 
ciple that none but church-members were permitted a share in the 
government, though everyone must be taxed for support of the church 
as well as all other public institutions. 



70 TIFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The earnestness of the Puritan made him a radical of radicals, a 
democrat of democrats, a protestant of protestants, in spite of himself. 
He did not dream of the result to which his religious philosophy was 
carrying him. He could not predict the outcome of it which we see 
to-day. He would have shuddered at the thought of it; but the result 
was inevitable and could not help working itself out. Worldly distinc- 
tions faded away and disappeared in his sight, holding as he did to 
direct relations between every man and his Maker, that every man 
might hold communion with God, that every man was directly respon- 
sible to his God. He found man's highest glory, not in the distinctions 
of the world, not in rank and insignia, but in his manhood and in his 
accountability. He therefore became a philosophical democrat, and 
their Puritan training was the best conceivable preparation for the 
Adamses and the Quincys, for Otis and Gerry, to produce their clear 
and cogent arguments for insisting, at whatever cost, for representation 
and rights, and for spurning the dictation of any power beyond the sea 
which did not fully recognize the privileges of colonial citizenship. The 
Puritan was the protestant of protestants. His protest was no mere 
outcry against forms and ceremonies. Much as these troubled him 
and bitterly as he condemned them, his protest went deeper and 
assailed the principle that in any way hampered or seemed to interfere 
with man's direct relations to God and his individual accountability 
and individual judgment. His zeal for truth and his earnest search for 
its guidance brought him logically to be his own religious interpreter, 
to insist on the use of his reason in spiritual matters, and, finally, to be 
content with no faith and interpretation which does not give ample 
recognition to the reason, and find ample scope for the use of man's 
thought and his conscience, his sense of moral fitness as well as his 
awe and reverence. 

We think, to-day, that great has been the change from New England 
Puritanism, and we are all prone to deplore some marks of change 
which seem to indicate degeneration, a falling away from the stern and 
lofty standards of our fathers. Do we love truth as they loved it? 
Would we sacrifice for it as they sacrificed for it? Do we abhor shams 
and wrongs as they abhorred them, and would we fight them as valiantly 
as they fought them ? Sometimes we think not. The outward marks 
of our religion and devotion are certainly somewhat lacking. Our 
churches are not crowded as they used to be, nor in proportion to our 
increased resources are they so well supported by our contributions as 
they were. The New England Sabbath is not wholly departed, but a 
good deal of its strictness has vanished, while there is a rapidly increas- 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS, yi 

ing patronage for the Sunday excursion or for the overwhelming non- 
sense of the Sunday papers or for any of the helps to laziness and 
thoughtlessness. 

And yet there are encouraging considerations which show that the 
influence of Puritanism has not wholly departed. There was consecra- 
tion, patriotism, true religion, enough manifested in this land a genera- 
tion ago to reassure us, and convince us that in the crisis, the hour of 
supreme trial, there is Puritan virtue and heroism left yet. 

Notwithstanding all we hear about the lack of interest in the 
church and in religion, no novels, short stories, essays, and newspaper 
editorials are read with such avidity, and win for their writers and 
publishers such a good financial return, as those which deal with either 
the fundamental doctrines of religion, or the work of applied Chris- 
tianity. Both these discussions of religious doctrine and religious life 
are perused with the utmost eagerness. Is it not because the children 
of the Puritan are very shy of the ex parte claims of the churches, but 
really desirous to get at the truth, and that they want to know how 
men really think, and want to think the right thoughts, and do the 
right things themselves? 

There is somewhat yet of the stability and earnestness of our 
Puritan forefathers. Let us thank God, and take courage ! 



THE FIRST CHURCH, ROCKPORT (FIFTH PARISH). 

At the First Church, Rockport (Congregational), the day was full 
of historical significance. Flowers and music, a crowded church, and 
a powerful sermon by the Rev. Israel Ainsworth, made the day memo- 
rable. From the historical discourse we are permitted to print the 
following brief extract : — 

From 1697 to 1840 the inhabitants of what is now the town of 
Rockport were citizens of Gloucester, their religious, social, and politi- 
cal life was identified with that community. For many years the 
population of this part of Cape Ann was very small, making it neces- 
sary for our Puritan fathers and mothers to worship with the First 
Church at Gloucester. They went over the bridle paths, some on 
horseback, some on foot, but we may be sure that most of those who 
were able were constant at meeting. In the year 1737, a petition was 
presented to the First Parish for assistance to support preaching ; with 
the increase in the number of settlers and their children the distance 
between them and the meeting-house became a very serious matter. 



72 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

They erected a school-house, in 1725, "to keep a good school in for 
the godly instruction of children, and teaching of them to read and 
write good English." The First Parish refused their request for a 
remission of a part of their parish rates, but the General Court ordered 
the granting of the request in 1740, so that they could sustain 
preaching. 

Rev. Moses Parsons was employed during the winter ; and several 
others whose names have not been preserved, contributed to the 
spiritual cultivation of what was soon to be the Fifth Parish in Glouces- 
ter. The people of " Sandy Bay " had been without a place of worship, 
except their log school-house; but in 1753, owing 1^0 doubt to the 
presence of Mr. Ebenezer Cleveland among them, they began to hope 
and plan for a meeting-house and a settled ministry. 

The act for the incorporation of the " Fifth " or "Sandy Bay" 
Parish of the town of Gloucester was approved by the Governor, Jan. t, 
1754. The new meeting house was erected about this time, on what 
is now known as Mount Pleasant Square and stood there for more 
than fifty years. It was about thirty-six feet square, two stories high, 
fronting towards the South with an entrance porch, and like all the 
early Puritan places of worship in New England, without a steeple. It 
contained eighteen pews and three long seats in a space each side of 
the middle aisle, near the pulpit. In the porch was the stairway lead- 
ing to the gallery, where the singers faced the minister, and led the 
people in the singing of Watts' Psalms and Hymns after the deacon 
who sat under the pulpit had lined them off. 

The church was organized Feb. 13, 1755, with ten members who 
had been dismissed from the First Church for the purpose of per- 
fecting the organization of the new church. The first ordination in 
the new parish took place in December, 1755, when Rev. Ebenezer 
Cleveland became the first pastor and teacher. His salary was fixed 
at sixty pounds a year, which was four times the amount of their town 
tax for the same year. Mr. Cleveland was born in Canterbury, Conn., 
Jan. 5, 1725, and was a graduate of Yale College. He was away from 
the parish at intervals during the years 1758-68, performing the duties 
of chaplain in the army, in connection with the French and Indian 
wars. In 1775, after twenty years of pastoral service, he obtained the 
consent of his church to become chaplain in the Revolutionary army. 
When he returned home, the parish was so desolated by the ravages of 
war, — some having fallen in battle, others having died on board of 
prison ships, or perished at sea (most of the male members had taken 
some part in the struggle for independence, either on land or on the 



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Israel Ainswortli, I'astor, l.sii'J. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 73 

sea), — that it was impossible for the depleted church to render their 
beloved pastor an adequate support. So in June, 1780, with deep 
regret, they consented to his resignation, with the understanding that 
arrangements would be made for his dismission when he should ask for 
it. He was formally dismissed in 1784. 

The succeeding twenty years record only occasional preaching 
services. The lack of pastoral oversight and care for so many years, 
produced its effect in the spiritual demoralization of the parish. But 
the return of the old pastor, in 1798, from his labors in New Hamp- 
shire, to reside once more in his old home, quickened the religious 
interest, and led to the consideration of the necessity of erecting a 
new meeting-house, which is the one at present occupied by the 
society. The work was begnn in 1803, and completed in 1804. The 
service of dedication took place in October. The new building cost 
nine thousand dollars. Before the second pastor began his work, the 
Rev. Mr; Cleveland preached in the new place of worship, as did also 
the Rev. Elisha Williams, a Baptist minister from Beverly. Rev. Mr. 
Cleveland died July 4, 1805, and his remains were interred in the Old 
Parish burying ground. To the end he trusted " in the same God 
who had protected him when the bullets were flying about his head, 
and he rested on the doctrine of free grace his hope of immortal 
glory." 

The old pastor had gone and the old meeting-house was taken 
down and sold at auction. The people now turned to the new meet- 
ing-house and looked forward to the induction of a new minister. 
Mr. David Jewett was their choice, and he was ordained Oct. 30, 1805. 
He was born in Hollis, N. H., July 16, 1773, graduated from Dart- 
mouth College in 1801. There were but thirteen of the eighty-six 
members who had united with the church since its organization left 
when he began his labors here, — two males and eleven females. But 
gracious seasons of revival soon brought joy and strength to the feeble 
church. Jan. i, 1827, the membership was sixty-seven, and during 
that year fifty more were admitted on confession of faith, while in the 
next year the accessions were eighty-nine, making a total for two years 
of one hundred and thirty-nine. 

The church, which at the beginning of this pastorate numbered only 
thirteen, was at the time of the dissolution of the pastoral relation two 
hundred and fifteen. A growing interest in the children of the church 
is apparent from the fact that they were catechised and instructed in 
the Word of God from the very commencement of Mr. Jewett's min- 
istry. The Sunday school was organized May 23, 1S18, with about one 



74 '^^^O HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

hundred and fifty members. Owing to failing health, Mr. Jewett was 
compelled to resign in 1836, and was dismissed by council May 4 of 
that year. " He had sought the best good of all around him, and made 
the doing of good the great business for which he lived. His home 
was the bosom of hospitality and friendship, of peace and love. As a 
preacher he was bold and energetic. His statements of divine truth 
were full, clear, and impressive. In the early part of his ministry he 
acquired the habit of extemporaneous preaching. This habit he main- 
tained through his ministry, though occasionally using written sermons. 
It was evident that his strength as a preacher lay in his extemporaneous 
deliverances, in which he could arouse as well as instruct, and impress 
and move as well as convince. It was remarked by many, in the latter 
part of his ministry, with what animation and energy, with what life and 
spirit, he addressed a religious assembly, exhibiting in old age, and 
under many bodily infirmities, all the fire of youth." 

It was well said by the Gloucester Telegraph and News : " During 
his ministry he saw all of the older societies of Gloucester depart from 
the faith handed down from the Puritans, either carried away by the 
tide of Universalisni that swept over the Cape, or by the later or 
more general flow of Unitarianism, which extended through this and 
neighboring States. Yet, nothing daunted, he steered his own bark in 
safety through the storm, and gathered from the wrecks around him 
enough to reorganize and reconstruct. And it is to his perseverance 
and devotedness that Gloucester now owes, under Providence, her 
three, and Rockport two, Orthodox churches." And, vve may add, 
at the present time, Gloucester, her four, and Rockport, her three. 
Orthodox Congregational churches, containing the largest organized 
Protestant force on Cape Ann. Mr. Jewett died in Waltham, July 14, 
1 84 1, in the home of his son-in-law. It was the desire of the whole 
parish that his remains should be brought to Rockport, and this desire 
was met when, on July 13, 1856, the interment was made in the old 
burying-ground. A fine monument of Rockport granite marks the 
spot. The successor of the Rev. David Jewett was the Rev. Wakefield 
Gale, who was born in Pembroke, N. H., Jan. 18, 1797; graduated 
from Dartmouth College in 1822, and from Andover Theological 
Seminary in 1825. His first pastorate was in Eastport, Me., where 
he remained ten years, when he received a call to become pastor of 
this church. He accepted the call, and was installed May 4, 1836. 

An historical sketch of the Essex South Conference contains the 
following: "The name of the Rev. Wakefield Gale, of Rockport, 
brings singular suggestions of heavenly breezes, refreshing the souls of 



OF^THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 75 

men. During the year 1837, fifty-two were received, and the church 
numbered two hundred and eighty-four. Jan. i, 1840, the record of 
faithful toil was evident again. Fifty-seven had been received, and 
that wonderful church, which numbered only sixty-seven, in 1827 
attained a total of tJu-ee hundred and thirty-four, a five-fold increase in 
membership in thirteen years." The meeting-house, the erection of 
which was completed in 1804, was altered and improved, inside and 
Out, at an expense of eight thousand dollars, in 1839. Re-opening 
services were held in it, Jan. i, 1840, when an appropriate sermon was 
preached by the pastor. The church reported the largest membership 
in its history, Jan. i, 1844, three hundred and eighty-nine. Mr. Gale 
resigned his pastorate early in 1863, and he was dismissed by council, 
Feb. 10, 1864. His ministry made an impression upon the life of 
Rockport that can never be effaced. The spirituality of the man may^ 
in a measure, be judged by the many beautiful revival scenes which 
the church enjoyed'under his leadership. After leaving Rockport, he 
resided in Easthampton, acting as pastor in West Granville, from 1867 
to 1870. He died Oct. 3, 188 1. His remains were interred in Beech 
Grove Cemetery. 

Rev. William H. Dunning was the next pastor. He was born in 
Mobile, Ala., Nov. 12, 1836. Graduated from Harvard University in 
1858, and from Andover Theological Seminary in 1863. He was 
ordained pastor of this church, Feb. 10, 1864. His health was imper- 
fect from the first and the cares of so large a parish were too great a 
burden for him, with his declining strength. After a pastorate of three 
and a half years, he was compelled to resign, and was dismissed by 
Council, Sept. 6, 1867. But, though short, his ministry was an earnest 
and successful one, resulting in the addition to the church of fifty new 
members. He died suddenly at Faribault, Minn., Sept. 10, 1868, in 
the place to which he had gone with the hope of recovering his lost 
health. 

Rev. James W. Cooper was ordained the fifth pastor of this 
church, Sept. 10, 1868. He was born in New Haven, Conn., Oct. 2, 
1842, graduated from Yale College in the class of 1865, and from 
Andover Theological Seminary, in 1868. Mr. Cooper's pastorate was 
of short duration, but durmg his term of service the church was very 
prosperous, the membership was over three hundred and the Sunday 
school at one time numbered four hundred and sixteen, with an average 
attendance of three hundred. Sixty-three united with the church. On 
account of the health of his family, after a ministry here of twenty-six 
months, he resigned his office, and was dismissed by Council, June 6^ 



'j6 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

1871. Dr. Cooper is the only ex-pastor of this church now living; he 
has been in charge of the South Congregational Church, New Britain, 
Conn., since 1878. 

The Rev. Charles C. Mclntire became the next pastor by instal- 
lation Dec. 28, 1871. He was born in Feeding Hills, Agawam, Mass., 
May 14, 1830, graduated from Auburn Theological Seminary in i86i» 
and was ordained September 17 of the same year at Greene, N. Y. 
He came here from a pastorate in Pontiac, Mich. During a period of 
nearly eight years he endeared himself to the community, notwith- 
standing the fact that he was here during the most trying years in the 
history of the parish. The number received into the church while he 
was in service here was fifty-seven. The work of enlarging and remod- 
eUing the church and chapel buildings, which was begun just before 
Mr. Mclntire came, was completed during his ministry, and cost 
twenty-eight thousand dollars. The expense resulting from these 
alterations, owing to depression in business and financial failures, 
greatly embarrassed the church society. He resigned his pastorate 
July, 1879, but was not regularly dismissed by council until Sept. 3, 
1880. He died at Pittsford, Vt., May 19, 1890, 

Rev. Rowland B. Howard was installed as his successor, Sept. 3, 
1880. He was born in Leeds, Me., Oct. 17, 1834, graduated from 
Bowdoin College in 1856, and from Bangor Theological Seminary in 
i860. He was ordained at Farmington, Me., Oct. 11, i860. During 
his pastorate here, the financial condition of the church society was 
put on a substantial basis, and the historic meeting-house was saved to 
the church through his wise and laborious efforts. There was also a 
deepening of the spiritual life of the church, and thirty-six members 
were added. Being called to the secretaryship of the American Peace 
Society, Mr. Howard resigned his pastorate June i, 1884, and was 
dismissed Feb. 13, 1885. He died in Rome, Italy, Jan. 25, 1892. 

The Rev. Albert F. Norcross was installed by council on the date 
of Mr. Howard's dismissal. He was born in Rindge, N. H., April 11, 
1853, graduated from Dartmouth College in 1878, and from Andover 
Theological Seminary in 188 r. He was ordained at Shirley, Mass., 
Aug. 31, 188 1, from whence he was called to Rockport. Mr. Norcross 
was a most devoted and faithful pastor. While not very robust in 
health, he never spared himself. He loved his work, and was greatly 
beloved while he was engaged in it. During his labors in Rockport, 
seventy were added to the church, forty-two of them on one occasion. 
He resigned his office to accept a call to the Congregational Church 
in Sherburne, N. Y., February, 1891, and preached his last pastoral 




RIVERDALE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHrU( U, ch;clc.1 l.sas. 
George O. Crosby, Pastor, 1892. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. yj 

sermon here the first Sunday in March, when he welcomed into the 
church the fruits of a recent revival. He died while pastor in Sher- 
burne, Nov. 28, 1893. 

Rev. Israel Ainsworth, the present pastor, was installed April 30, 
1 89 1, by the same council which dismissed Mr. Norcross. He was 
called from the Second Congregational Church in Peabody During 
this pastorate the parsonage has come fully into the possession of the 
society, the last shares which had divided the ownership having been 
purchased. Many needed improvements have also been made in the 
church property, the introduction of electric lights into the church and 
chapel buildings being among them. But no debts have been con- 
tracted ; every improvement has been provided for beforehand. The 
church came into possession of five thousand dollars Jan. 30, 1895, 
this sum having been bequeathed by Miss Elizabeth Jewett, daughter 
of the Rev. Uavid Jewett. the interest of which is to be used for the 
benefit of the poor connected with the church and congregation. 
There has been a good degree of spiritual growth and prosperity, 
resulting in aggressive work and the admission of quite a number of 
new members into church fellowship. The Sunday school is in a more 
prosperous condition than for a decade past, and the two Christian 
Endeavor Societies are doing good work "for Christ and the church." 
This church has been for nearly one hundred and forty-five years a 
potent influence for good, not only in Rockport and the adjoining 
city, but throughout the country, where many of its former members 
may be found. 

During the past few years of business depression, this church has 
suffered with the other churches of this town, by the departure of a 
number of adherents to other places, and especially by the absence of 
young people who have been obliged to leave for larger business 
centres. But the old church has a future as well as a past. Full of 
faith in the God of the fathers, with a clear vision of what ought to be 
done, it sees new opportunities for usefulness as it approaches changed 
conditions which will result from a revival of business interests ; and 
under the guidance of the spirit of Christ will not be unprepared for 
the new ethical and spiritual revival for which all devout Christians 
hope and pray. 



^ncsdu^ %vaxxnQ, ^UQUst 23. 



Reunion, Absent Sons and Daughters, City Hall. 



REUNION. 



THE formal exercises in connection with the anniversary began 
on Tuesday evening with the reunion of the absent sons and 
daughters at City Hall. Especial efforts had been made by the Invita- 
tion Committee to reach these absent sons and daughters, and over 
three thousand invitations had been sent, urging them to return for 
this celebration. Hundreds, an unusually large number, did return, 
and to them the anniversary days were full of intense pleasure. On 
the occasion of the reunion City Hall was crowded, most of those 
present being former residents at home again. 

On the platform were seated Mayor Andrews ; George H. Procter, 
chairman of the committee on literary exercises ; D. O. Marshall, sec- 
retary ; Francis Procter, secretary executive committee ; City Treas- 
urer Edward Dolliver, ex- Mayor Rogers, City Clerk Somes, Alderman 
Harvey C. Smith, Acting President of the Council Percy W. Wheeler, 
Major John S. Calef, and many others. 

The hall was elaborately and beautifully decorated for the occa- 
sion. The front of the platform was a mass of flowers, evergreen, and 
tropical plants. Below were folds of bunting, in the centre being, in 
letters of gold on background of black, the word " Welcome." Over- 
head were streamers of bunting, and the same material radiated from 
two central points on the ceiling to various points of the walls. The 
walls were decorated with Japanese panel screens as well as festoons of 
flags. The balcony railing was hidden by white lace, and underneath 
were flags and festoons, tastily arranged. 

The evening's ceremonies were opened by a selection, overture 
to "Era Diavolo," by the Lynn Brass Band. The second number was 
an overture for violin and piano by Prof. J. Jay Watson and Miss Annie 
A. Watson, of New York, both children of Gloucester. Professor 
Watson performed on a violin which was presented to him by Ole Bull 
and which was made in 1616 by the famous Amati Brothers of Cremona. 

His Honor Mayor Andrews then welcomed those present with 
the following well chosen words : — 

Ladies and Gentlemen, Sons and Daughters of old Cape Attn, — I am 
pleased to-night to stand before this audience, composed as it is largely of 
Gloucester's home-coming sons and daughters. Of course, many of you are 



82 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



strangers to me, coming as you have from distants parts of the States to 
visit the home of your childhood. Certainly we feel pleased, as citizens of 
Gloucester, to bid you welcome. 

When we look over this vast audience, and consider that there are in 
this hall to-night about fifteen hundred people, and then compare this with 
the invitations sent out to the absent sons and daughters of the Cape, num- 
bering thirty-four hundred, remembering that this large audience numbers 
only about one half as many as the absent sons and daughters we have 
enrolled and invited to be present this evening, we cannot fail to be impressed. 

This is the opening incident of the celebration of the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of the town of Gloucester. Looking 
backward two and a half centuries, we recall the many struggles, incident to 
the new settlement on these shores. Certainly in none were they more 
marked than here on the rugged coast of Cape Ann, in consequence of the 
industry which Gloucester has always had to resort to for a livelihood for 
her hardy population. So, with reverent memory, we recall to-night the 
many absent sons who have given up their lives, that we might at this time 
celebrate this event, and making it possible for us, in this year 1892, to enjoy 
the privileges we do in this good old town. 

For certainly, there is no town that I know of anywhere in the State, 
which one can look upon with more pleasure, or where there is more to please 
the eye of the stranger, than this rugged old town which we regard with so 
much affection. 

We have here on Cape Ann, as everyone knows who is familiar with the 
surroundings, attractions which few cities can present. We have the sea- 
coast, with its refreshing breezes ; we have the inland, studded with natural 
attractions, which make our picturesque old town attractive, and attract here 
many summer visitors from all parts of our broad land, and we all feel pleased 
to have them come here and mingle with the sons and daughters of our 
native city. 

To-night, as we gather to celebrate our two hundred and fiftieth anni- 
versary, an honor to which very few cities in the Commonwealth have attained, 
we feel proud of all achievements of our fathers, and all that they have 
wrested from the sea, to make our homes comfortable, and to build up such a 
contented and peaceful community. 

And as I welcome its sons and daughters to-night, I feel a regret that 
there are not more of you present with us on this happy occasion. As in 
their distant homes they take up the papers and read over the program, as 
they will, they cannot fail to wish that they were present in body, as they 
undoubtedly are in spirit, wishing that they might take part in the exercises 
of the week. 

But as from force of circumstances, or through being so far away, they 
are unable to join with us in this celebration, we ought to do everything in 
our power to give them all the information possible pertaining to the event, 
and the committee will endeavor, through the papers or otherwise, to convey 
to them such information, so that they can enjoy the narrative, thinking if 



51^ 




2 ci 



5 o 



o -^ 
2 ^ 



1 



OF THE TOWN- OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 83 

they only could have been here how they would have enjoyed meeting many 
of their friends and acquaintances. 

And this, perhaps, will be to many the most interesting feature of the 
anniversary, — the opportunity of those who have been separated for years 
to meet one another once more, this meeting of old schoolmates, boys and 
girls who met, perhaps, the last time when they left school, and for years 
have been separated in distant parts of the country. 

These absent sons and daughters, who have journeyed home long dis- 
tances, will note numerous changes and improvements which do not attract 
the attention of those of us who have witnessed their progress. But strano-ers, 
who have not been in our city for years, can see changes which we at home 
hardly realize. 

And now, sons and daughters of old Cape Ann, — I cannot address you 
as absent sons and daughters, since you are here, — I welcome you to this 
two hundred and fiftieth anniversary, hoping that wherever your lot in life 
may place you, you will always prosper, and always have that loving regard 
for dear old Cape Ann which you cherish in your hearts to-day as one of the 
most precious spots on earth. 

So, as the chief magistrate of the city, I extend to you, one and all, a 
hearty welcome home, and offer you the freedom of the city, hoping you may 
enjoy every moment of your visit here, and may be able to extend your visit 
here beyond these days of festivities, and that at any future time, when you 
can make it convenient, you will come to see us again. 

Thanking you for your kind indulgence in listening to me, I now wel- 
come you to old Gloucester. 

The next number was two selections by the Watsons. Professor 
Watson prefaced the playing of " Hymn of Praise " by a few remarks, in 
which he told of how he came by the Ole Bull violin and gave the his- 
tory of the violin he used in this selection, which was made from wood 
from the pulpit of the old Brattle Street Church in Boston. Then 
came a selection, " Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary Waltz," 
composed by Professor Watson for this occasion, rendered by the Pro- 
fessor and Miss Annie A. Watson. 

Professor Watson was received with an ovation of cheers which 
were long continued. Each number was encored, and he fairly electri- 
fied the audience by his marvellous performance. 

One of the most interesting features of the occasion was the 
announcement by Chairman George H. Procter, which was an inter- 
mission, in which he invited the visiting sons and daughters to get 
acquainted with those who had remained here at home and helped to 
make the Gloucester of to-day. He also invited all to come forward 
and be introduced to Mayor Andrews, whom he conducted to the front 
of the rostrum. 

Then followed a most refreshing season. All was sociability, and 



84 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 

as the absent sons and daughters came forward and their names were 
announced, many were the old acquaintances and the old friendships 
renewed. 

The half hour proved to be one of the most enjoyed features of 
the greatest success of the kind ever known in Gloucester. 

After a selection from the opera of " Faust" by the band, Prof. L. 
C. Elson favored and entertained the audience with a song, "The 
Banner of the Sea." with original words by himself, which resulted in 
his receiving an encore. Following are the words : — 

Old Gloucester bids a hearty welcome here 

To sons from every sea, 
And bids them swell the hearty cheer 

Of our festivity. 
The centuries have passed away, 
And still old Gloucester crowns the bay, 
And still there floats in proud array 

Our banner of the sea. 

When Revolution brought its storm of war, 

And the "Falcon" sailed the sea, 
The sons of Gloucester manned the shore, 

And old Cape Ann was free. 
That freedom never shall be lost 
While old Cape Ann such sons can boast, 
While mans the sea and guards the coast. 

Our Gloucester by the sea. 
Shout loud and free, three times three, 

For Gloucester by the sea. 

Mr. Elson sang two sea songs in response to the encore, which 
were received with shouts of applause by the vast audience. 

Professor and Miss Watson then gave " Variations upon an 
old Scotch Melody," which closed the program. Professor Watson 
responded to an encore with some ingenious variations on " Yankee 
Doodle," which were quite pleasing. 

The singing of " Auld Lang Syne " by the audience concluded 
the formal exercises, but a large part of those present remained for 
social reunion, and it was evident that the evening had been one long 
to be remembered by those privileged to be present. 

Eight members of the High School battalion acted as ushers, 
including Capt. William K. Dustin, Capt. Cecil H. Low, Lieut. Clarence 
Brainerd, Adj. Herbert Smith, Private Babson, Private Ellery, and 
Ezra L. Phillips of the Naval Battalion. 



^ctlmsamj, ^xxQxxst 24. 



Morning. Firemen's Parade and Banquet. 

Afternoon. Literary Exercises at Stage Fort. 

Afternoon. Athletic Events, Bridge Street Oval. 

Evening. Anniversary Banquet, at City Hall. 



I 



PARADE, TRIAL, AND BANQUET 

ON THE OCCASION OF THE TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 
OF THE INCORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER. 



IT was fitting that one day of the celebration of the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of the town of Gloucester 
should be set apart for the firemen who have borne their part so well 
in the history of the old town and city. 

The executive committee, at one of their first meetings, set apart 
Wednesday morning as the most appropriate time, and subscribed a 
goodly sum of money, to which the city government added five hun- 
dred dollars, and generous amounts were received from many people 
beside. Early that day crowds lined our streets, and enthusiasm ran 
high. The firemen were greeted with cheers on every side, as they 
marched through the crowded streets. 

Wednesday, Aug. 24, 1892, the day thus set apart, was a red-letter 
day in the annals of the department. The preparations, which had 
been going on for months, were perfect in their way ; the weather was 
perfect, too, and with the exception of an alarm occasioned by a brush 
fire, as the dinner was about to be served, there was nothing to mar 
the pleasure of the occasion. 

The grand firemen's parade was the principal feature of the day. 
The line was formed on Pleasant and Middle streets and Dale Avenue, 
and at 10.40 A. M., two strokes of the fire alarm gave the signal for 
starting, in the following order : — 

ROSTER OF THE PARADE. 

Platoon of mounted police, consisting of Capt, George B. McKennv, 

Officers Alonzo B. Chapman, John Karcher, David E. Mehlman, 

and Frank M. Marsh. 

Platoon of Police. 

Gloucester City Band. 

Board of Engineers, — Charles S. Marchant, Chief: Joseph M. Marsh, 
Calvin F. Hopkins, Samuel Montgomery, and William L. Allen. 

Bucket Brigade. 

Well Curb, representing the ancient method of water supply. 

87 



88 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Hand Engine, No. i, from Defiance House, thirteen boys. 

Hand Engine, No. 2, from School Street House, fifteen boys. 

Deluge Engine Company, No. 8, Capt. Elias Davis, thirty men ; Charles 

A. Harvey, driver. 

Bunker Hill Engine Company, No. 4, Capt. Alden O. Gilpatrick, thirty 
men ; F. E. Harvey, driver. 

Lynn Brass Band, twenty-five pieces, E. L. Hatch, leader; George D. 
Concord, drum-major. 

Chemical Engine, No. i, Capt. George E. Harraden, six men; Dwinal 

Grant, driver. 

Col. Allen Hook and Ladder, No. i, Capt. Chester P. Poland, twelve 
men ; Samuel Ingersoll, driver. 

Steamer W. H. T. Jameson, No. i, Capt. Edward A. Hearn, twelve 
men ; James P. Nichols, driver. 

Hose Wagon, Samuel L. Clark, driver. 

Steamer N. M. Jackman, No. 2, Capt. Augustus S. Morehouse, twelve 
men ; Fred Sawyer, driver. 

N. M. Jackman Supply Wagon, James Martin, driver. 

Eighth Regiment Band, twenty-four pieces ; R. N. Reinewald, leader. 

Steamer Bay View, No. 3, Capt. Fitz E. Oakes, Jr., twelve men ; 
Frank Griffin, driver. 

Hose Wagon, Walter Collins, driver. 

Guests of School Street Fire Association in carriage, Arthur H. Rowe, 
driver; William H. Perkins, honorary member; John J. Reed, 
selectman of Waterville, Me. ; Seth Wetherbee, electrician, of 
Boston ; George Sanborn, R. Frank Tibbets. 

Steamer Defiance, No. 5, Capt. George H. Friend, twelve men; John 

Haskell, driver. 

Defiance Hook and Ladder, No. 5, Capt. Charles A. Marr, twelve men ; 
William H. Robinson, driver. 





CHAULES S. MARCHAXT, 
Chief Engineer Fire Dei)artnient, Isii'J 



xr^' 



I 

V 

I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 89 

Gloucester National Band, twenty-four pieces; A. C. Homans, leader. 

Chemical Engine, No. 2, Capt. Miller C. Foster, ten men; James 

May, driver. 

Water Supply, 1892, — Hydrant, George Reed, driver. Wagon with 
nozzle attached, manned by Fred Varney, Forrest Walen, Herbert 
Colby, and Charles Douglass. 

Fire Boat, Abbott Coffin, Two-horse team in imitation of boat, driven 
by George F. Sawyer; Raymond Lyle, captain; Oscar Calder, 
Thomas McDonald, and Ray Corliss. 

Patriarchs Militant Band. 

Steamer Sandy Bay, No. r, Rockport, Capt. Andrew Robb, fifteen men. 

Speedwell Engine Company, No. 2, Pigeon Cove, Capt. C. N. Morgan, 

fifteen men. 

Ipswich Hand Engine Warren, Captain Barton, seventy-five men ; 
J. W. Carlyle, driver. 

Essex Hand Engine Amazon, forty-five men, Epes Sargent, foreman; 
Albert F. Nichols, driver. 

Ex-Chiefs and Chiefs of Out-of-Town Departments, and Invited 
Guests in Carriages. 

Mayor Asa G. Andrews, Chief Marshall William H. Jordan, Rev. 

William H. Rider. 
Ex-Chief Thomas M. Proctor, of Essex, George Todd, Simeon A. Burn- 

ham, Edwin L. Lane, all Ex-Chiefs of Gloucester, Asst. -Chief W. 

L. Crowe, of Reading. 
Alderman Charles H. Gamage, Councilman P. W. Wheeler, Prof. J. Jay 

Watson, George W. Hatch, New Gloucester, Mayor Converse, of 

Chelsea, 
Charles S. Tappan, Francis Procter, Chief Henry Spencer, of Chelsea, 

Alderman George H. Morton. 
Selectman Alfred S. Jewett, of Manchester, Otis E. Smith, of Rockport, 

Alderman Adam P. Stoddart and Councilman Silas S. Tarr, 
Councilmen G. Wallace Hayden, Edward S. Currier, John C. Hodgdon, 

and Clerk Alfred F, Stickney. 
Councilmen B, Frank EUery, William F. Moore, Maurice F. Foley, 

Samuel Smith, 2d. 



90 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



George F. Svveetzer, B. W. Merrill, New Gloucester, Me., George W. 

Knight, Jr., Ex-District Engineer, Newburyport, Fred Robinson, 

Truck 3, Lynn. 
Ex-Alderman D, Somes Watson, Councilmen Joseph B. Maguire, Fred. 

A. Shackelford, John H. Hawson, William F. Ireland. 
Aldermen Nathaniel Maddix, Jr., and Alvah Prescott, George A. 

Schofield, Walter E. Lord, of Ipswich, A. H. Nevins, of New 

Gloucester, Me. 
Alderman Charles J. Lincoln, Superintendent William F. Francis, 

Commissioner Joseph H. Daley, Chief of Police John Nicholson, 

of Pittsfield, Byron S. Flanders, Chief Bureau of Wires, of Boston. 
C. L. McCann, H. L. Marston, of Brockton, J. S. Cloverly, of Boston, 

N. P. Haskell, of New Gloucester, Me., City Clerk John J, Somes, 

of Gloucester. 
Clerk J. W. Newman, Nathaniel Archer, William B. Clark, of Ipswich, 

Assistant Engineer Prince Ober, of Beverly. 
Chief George Gushing, of Hingham, H. R. De Merry, Superintendent 

Repairs Department, Boston, Capt. F. H. Humphrey, of Newton, 

Alderman Harvey C. Smith, of Gloucester. 
J. W. Cassidy, F. E. Stowell, Chief E. G. Hosmer, of Lowell, Chief 

J. D. Hilliard, of Provincetown, James M. Gould, of Boston. 
District Chief Gaylord, of Boston, Chief James Hopkins, of Somerville, 

Ex-Chief C. T. Symmes, of Winchester, Captain Jackson, of 

Medford, Chief A. C. Symmes, of Medford. 
William Brophy, of Boston. 
Chiefs L. E. Burnham, of Essex, C. H. Stone, of Manchester, William 

A. Arnold, of Salem, John Parsons, of Rockport. 
Walter C. Searle, of Chelsea, Benjamin Andrews, of Boston, Arthur H. 

Bennett, George C. Herrick, Frank A. Bennett, George M. Cleaves, 

of Beverly, all ex-members. 
John E. McCusker, Chief L. C Reed, City Auditor W. H. Welch, of 

Newburyport, W. Frank Parsons, and Chester Marr. 
Chief Louis P. Webber, Fire Commissioner George H. Innis, of 

Boston, Chief M. C. Clark, of Newark, N. J., Ex-Chief George 

S. Willis, of Pittsfield, Ex-Alderman John Q. Bennett. 
Everett B. James, E. Frank Stanwood, and Enoch B. Kimball, 

Selectmen of Essex. 
Capt. S. Abbott, Jr., Chief Protective Department of Boston, Chief 

Charles Downing, of Lynn, Chief Thomas Hough, of Maiden, - 

Alderman Erastus Howes, Chairman Committee on Fire Depart- 
ment. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 91 

Councilmen George H. Martin, James W. Thomas, Alfred Thurston, 

Capt. J. Godbold, of East Boston, John M. True, of New 

Gloucester, Me. 
Guests of Defiance Steam Fire Association, Benjamin Kinsman, William 

H. Friend, Samuel V. Colby, William H. Blatchford, Melvin H. 

Perkins, Melvin Haskell, David M. Hilton, and W. Scott Call. 

The route of the procession was as follows : through Prospect, 
Washington, Foster, Granite, Washington, and Middle streets. Western 
Avenue, countermarching to Main Street, through Main to East Main, 
Bass Avenue, Sayward to East Main, Highland, Mt. Pleasant, Chapel, 
and East Main, Main, Prospect to Dale Avenue, where it was dismissed. 

The eighteen fire companies, all with apparatus, and six bands, 
made a fine appearance in the parade. Most of the machines were 
gayly decorated with bunting, flags, and flowers, while many of the 
men wore bouquets and badges ; and the several engine-houses were 
handsomely decorated with flags, bunting, and appropriate designs. 

The decorations along the line of march were numerous and ele- 
gant, including among other special leading features, a number of 
old-time fire buckets. 

It was a display of fine apparatus, old and new, such as is seldom 
seen or equalled. The men all presented a neat, tidy, and an altogether 
fine appearance. The music was unusually good. Near the head of 
the line was a float, illustrating the water supply of 1642, — a well curb 
and sweepbucket brigade at one side. Further down the line was 
another float, illustrating the water supply of 1892, — a hydrant with 
hose attached, held by four uniformed firemen. 

The Essex Company carried the only flag in the procession. 

The two hand engines at the head, one made in 1798, and the 
other several years before, each drawn by a dozen young boys, attracted 
considerable attention. The Deluge and Bunker Hill, both old hand 
hand engines, but more modern than the first two, were gayly decorated 
with flowers, bunting, and flags. 

After these came the modern fire-fighting machines, the brightly 
polished nickel of the steamers flashing in the sun. On each engine 
were elaborate bouquets, and in most instances, flags and bunting, as 
well as flowers on the other pieces of apparatus. The Sandy Bay 
steamer had two of the handsomest bouquets. 

Shortly after dismissal, the men formed in line and marched to 
dinner, which was served by Harvey Blunt, of Boston, in a large tent 
on the wharf of the Atlantic Halibut Company. 



92 



TIVO HUNDRED AMD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



THE TRIAL OF THE HAND ENGINES 

Took place, at the Cut, at 4 p. m., on Dike Street, under direction of 
Chief Engineer Marchant and his assistants. 

Ex-Chief Engineers Edwin L. Lane, George Todd, and Simeon A. 

Burnham, and Ex-Chief Thomas L. Proctor, of Essex, acted as judges, 

and two prizes of silver cups bearing the inscription, '' Gloucester's 

Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary, Hand Engine Trial, August 24, 

1892," were awarded. 

Each engine played through two hundred feet of hose, water being 
supplied from a hogshead which was kept filled from a hydrant. Each 
engine was allowed fifteen minutes for play. 

The Bunker Hill was the first to play, and reached a distance of 
one hundred and sixty- three feet from the nozzle on the first trial, and 
was progressing admirably on a second trial when one of the brakes was 
broken, throwing her out of further trial. 

The Deluge came next, but was only awarded one hundred and 
fifty-one feet six inches, though the spectators and one of the judges 
claimed that she was entitled to some eight or ten feet more, but the 
actual distance, if any, could not be ascertained, and she was unable 
to reach the disputed spot on a second trial. 

The Amazon, of Essex made a third trial, and, though the smallest 
engine in the contest, threw a stream one hundred and eighty-seven 
feet and four inches, and was given the second prize. 

The Warren, of Ipswich, made the last, and amid the cheers of 
the crowd threw a solid stream beyond the paper laid by the judges, 
and was allowed one hundred and eighty-seven feet and five inches, 
easily winning the first prize. 

Following the contest for the prize cups, an exhibition of the old 
hand engines, which were manned by boys, was given. 

Engine No. i, exhibited by the Gloucester Steam Fire Association 
(School Street), took the first trial, and threw a stream of eighty-four 
feet. 

The old-time crank engine, exhibited by the Defiance Company, 
came next, and though having only a piece of hose a few feet long, the 
hosemen standing on the engine, the stream reached a distance of 
eighty-nine feet and five inches. 

Throughout the celebration the firemen kept open house, and 
gladly welcomed the citizens and visitors. No event of the celebration 
attracted more attention, nor was better carried out than the parade, 
banquet, and trial contest of the Fire Department. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 93 

ROLL OF FIRE DEPARTMENT, 1892. 



BOARD OF ENGINEERS. 

Chief. — Charles S. Marchant. 
Cle}-k. — Samuel Montgomery. 

Assistants. — Joseph M. Marsh, Calvint F. Hopkins, Samuel 
Montgomery, William L. Allen. 

STEAMER W. H. T. JAMESON, No. i. 

Edward A. Hearn, Edward A. Somes, William E. Tucker, Walter 
C. Babson, Joseph Babson, Francis Davis, Fred M. Burnham, Howard 
Foster, Thomas O'Maley, James P. Nichols, Charles O'Maley, John 
Coull, Melvin E. Shackelford. 

STEAMER N. M. JACKMAN, No. 2. 

Augustus S. Morehouse, Charles O. Marston, Henry Burns, Aaron 
Sawyer, James F. Corliss, Henry A. Calder, Jason C. Dade, Joseph 
Norwood, John McDonald, George H. Spates, Ira W. Lyle, Ozro F. 
Dagle. 

STEAMER BAY VIEW, No. 3. 

Fitz E. Oakes, Jr., J. Frank Ford, Joseph S. Marchant, J. Thomas 
King, Fitz W. Bridges, Charles W. Crowe, Prince Goodwin, Arthur H. 
Rowe, Alfred P. Gorman, Charles F. Pierce, Howard H. Oakes, Frank 
Griffin, Alfred O. Dench. 

STEAMER DEFIANCE, No. 5. 

George H. Friend, William Joseph, Frank L. Thomas, Henry A. 
Cook, George W. Tuck, Parker Marr, Edwin B. Pew, Daniel F. Smith, 
Frank S. Watson, Willis E. Stockbridge, James Phalen, Ray S. Friend, 
John Lynch, John Haskell. 

BUNKER HILL ENGINE, No. 4. 

John Daggett, Ambrose Jones, Jr., James L. Marchant, Benjamin 
A. Berry, Jr., Joseph W. Kimball, Cleveland P. Marchant, George E. 
Berry, Horatio G. Marchant, Costello D. Gott, Allen B. Robinson, 
Edgar Andrews, Henry C. Tucker, Frank Cook, George H. Butler^ 
William H. Marchant, David Glover, Clarence N. Hanscomb, William 
Todd, Fred G. Butler, WiUiam H. Poland, George E. Kimball, Charles 
Ewens, Otis E. Robinson, William E. Elwell, Joseph Geary, Briggs O. 
Gilpa trick, William S. Kerr, Peter Gordon, Kilby S. Marchant, Frank 
Gott. 



94 ^^^^ HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

CHEMICAL ENGINE, No. i. 

George E. Harraden, Charles VV. Parrot, Charles H. Sawyer 
Dwinal Grant, Samuel W. McQuin, Cornelius F. Strong. 

CHEMICAL ENGINE, No. 2. 

James May, Charles Story, Miller C. Foster, Lafayette F. Hunt, 
Oscar Story, George P. Staples, David Worth, Thomas Marshall, 
Edward Symonds, Henry W. Brown. 

COL. ALLEN HOOK AND LADDER, No. 1. 

Chester Poland, Charles H. Day, Stephen McGinnis, John J. 
Ropper, Joseph Gorman, Epes M. Parkhurst, Jr., Charles C. Day, 
George A. Smith, Daniel McDonald, Daniel M. Favor,' Samuel 
Ingersoll, Benjamin O. King, Roscoe Saunders. 

DEFIANCE HOOK AND LADDER, No. 5. 

Charles A. Marr, Howard Merry, Lorenzo Beaman, Patrick Fin- 
negan, Peter F. Walsh, George Deveau, Ralph Marr, William M. 
Gaffney, Jr., Nathaniel A. Adams, Vinson Malonson, James U. Cran- 
ton, Augustus Hobart, William H. Robinson. 

LANESVILLE ENGINE, No. 7. 

James A. Stackpole. George Knowlton, Nathaniel Sprague, Cyrus 
L. Sargent, Daniel F. Dade, Benjamin F. Bowden, Joseph McLellan, 
Charles Young, Henry H. Lucas, Newell Peavey, Sidney R. Harvey, 
Rufus McLellan, Albert Morgan, Ward H. Lane, R. Albert Saunders, 
Daniel L. Kendall, Charles A. Piper, Alfred W. Riley, Elbridge Young, 
William R. Cheeves. Emerson Saunders, Alphonso McLellan, G.Wal- 
lace Hayden, David Steer, Bryce E. McLellan, John C. Hodgdon, Fred 
Piper, George Peavey, H. L. Taylor, William E. Riley. 

DELUGE ENGINE, No. 8. 

John Chappie, Elias Davis, Jr., Frank B. Parsons, Walter S. Moses, 
Roscoe E. Ricker, Frank Chard, Arthur Bragdon, Fred Parsons, Frank 
Harvey, Clarence T. Davis, Sebastian Davis, Otis Davis, William 
Chard, Daniel W. Sylvester, James E. Griflfin, Alphonso Lurvey, 
William H. Jewett, Charles Harvey, Ernest C. Bragdon, Alvah Grififin, 
Frank Brown, Bradley Huff, Almon Davis, James E. Griffin, Edward 
Harvey, John E. Stanwood, Edward H. Grififiin, James E. Wheeler, 
Eben H. Davis. 




h£^ 






2 S 



- - 



II 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 95 

LITERARY EXERCISES. 



THE literary exercises were held at Stage Fort in the mammoth 
tent which had been erected there. The tent was one hundred 
and twenty feet long by sixty feet wide, and seated twenty-five hundred 
people. It had been beautifully decorated with flags and bunting and 
the platform was trimmed with potted plants, palms, and flowers. Being 
floored over, it made an ideal place for this purpose, A throng of 
people filled the space, both on the platform and floor. The com- 
mittee on these exercises were all present. His honor, Mayor Andrews, 
presided, calling the people to order at 2 o'clock. After an overture, 
"The Queen's Secret," Thomas, by the orchestra, the following prayer 
was offered by Rev. James C. Parsons, of Greenfield, Mass. : — 

O thou Infinite and Eternal God, unchangeable amid all our changes, 
who seest the end from the beginning, who unfoldest all things in thy perfect 
purpose and shapest the destinies of men and nations, we bow before thee in 
every great event of thy providence, acknowledging thy wisdom and thy 
power, and calling upon souls and all that is within us, to praise and magnify 
thy holy name. 

To thee our fathers looked ; in thee they trusted, as they sought a new 
home on these rugged shores of the homeless sea. They knew not the issues 
of the future, but they put their confidence in thee, for the protection of them- 
selves and of their children after them. Impress us with the lesson of those 
early days. May we enter, by imagination, into sympathy with their manifold 
hardships and trials. May we live over with them again, in the spirit, that 
life of daily struggle, of patience, of contentment with their hard lot, of 
humble aims and ideals, and of slow progress toward better things. 

Unfold again the drama of the centuries before our eyes, and enable us 
to see, with the succeeding generations, the growth of a mighty nation, on 
the surrounding continent, not by their own right hand, O God, but by thy 
providence, and by them, as instruments in thy purpose, was wrought the 
wondrous change in which we stand and live and move this day. Help us to 
contrast the life that was with the life that is, and to see how, out of such 
small beginnings has come the richness and the fulness, the comforts and 
conveniences, the knowledge and the institutions, the arts and the luxuries, 
which now surround us on every side. 

O God, suffer not that we who share in the rich results of their faithful- 
ness should fail to share also in their faith and their endurance. Renew in 
us the civic virtues of those older days. Keep ever before us the high ideal 
of our humanity, — that a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the 
things which he possesseth, nor in the magnitude of his achievements, but in 



96 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

his likeness to thine image. Help us to be true to that image in ourselves 
and in others ; to live for integrity, purity, and charity, for helpfulness between 
man and man, for the common good of all, for the carrying of manhood to ever 
nobler heights of knowledge, excellence, and power. May we join with the 
generations that are past, and the generations to come, in laying the founda- 
tions of that great Christian republic, whose future glory it is beyond the 
imagination of man to conceive. And when another quarter-millennium shall 
have run its course, may there be no worthier representative of that republic, 
than this fair city by the sea. 

Be with us, by thy spirit, in all the exercises of this occasion. With 
gratitude for the way in which thou hast led us in the past, and with trust in 
thy protection and guidance in the future, may we renew our allegiance unto 
thee, in whom only is our hope and our salvation. And to thy name be the 
praise, world without end. Amen. 

Kellar's " American Hymn " was then sung by a chorus of three 
hundred trained voices under the direction of Prof. Austin A. Spauld- 
ing, director of music in the public schools of the city. Mayor Andrews, 
in a brief address, extended the welcome of the city to this anniver- 
sary. An original ode by the venerable James Davis, Esq., Judge of 
the Police Court, entitled " Wake, Fair City," was read by Rev. 
William H. Rider and sung to the tune "Hail Columbia." 

ODE. "Wake, Fair City." 
Music, — '" Hail Columbia." 



I. 

Wake, fair City by the Sea ! 

Wake, and keep thy Jubilee ! 

Now call thy sons and daughters home ; 

From every quarter bid them come, 

And join thy children by the sea, 

To swell thy song of Jubilee. 

Let the sea lift up its voice, 

Let our rocky shores rejoice. 

Let our hills and valleys ring. 

While our Jubilee we sing ! 

Wake, O people, strong and free, 
In your City by the Sea ! 
All our voices join to sing, 
Make our hills and valleys ring ! 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. gj 

ir. 

Rise, fair Daughter of the Sea ! 
Praise the Power that founded thee ! 
Who scooped thy well-formed basin out, 
And stocked the waters 'round about, 
Intent that hither should be drawn 
Men of the stoutest bone and brawn, 
From distant lands and neighboring shores, 
In search of ocean's finny stores. 
From thy fair haven sailing forth 
To fishing banks south, east, and north. 

Thus the Power whose forming hand 

Joined the water to the land, 

Daughter of the fruitful sea, 

In his wisdom founded thee. 



III. 

Crowned with fair prosperity, 

Growing City by the Sea ! 

See, rising fair on every hand. 

What noble structures grace thy land ; 

See, moored upon thy sheltered tide, 

What fleet of swift-winged schooners ride. 

Waiting the breath of favoring gale 

To loose the cable, spread the sail, 

And o'er the ocean-tide to sweep. 

The harvest of the sea to reap. 

City planted by the side 
Of our pleasant northern tide. 
Thus the treasures of the sea 
Bring thee fair prosperity. 

IV. 

Rock-ribbed City by the Sea ! 
Thy fair stones shall honor thee. 
Where'er in stately piles they rise. 
To meet the gaze of critic eyes ; 
But most honored art thou when 
Thou sendest forth thy noble men. 



98 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Thy men of power and probity, 

Faithful on the land and sea, 

Trained in thy homes, thy fanes, and schools, 

To form their lives by Christian rules. 
Men of high integrity. 
Travelling on land or sea, 
Bearing, wheresoe'er they go. 
Fame that virtue can bestow. 

V. 

Sons and daughters, fair and free, 
Born and nurtured by the sea. 
Let your hearts be brave and wide, 
Like the broad Atlantic tide ; 
Be your spirits strong and hale, 
Like the freshening ocean gale ; 
Now heed the call that comes to you, 
To make your lives upright and true ; 
Let it be your worthy aim 
To exalt your city's fame. 

Sons and daughters by the sea, 

Called to true nobility, 

Keep alive the loyal flame ! 

Honor your fair city's name ! 



VL 

Fair-crowned Daughter of the Sea ! 

Keep thy fair prosperity ; 

If thy crown thou still wouldst wear. 

Make thy garments white and fair ; 

Let thy marts of trade be clean, 

Put away the marts of sin. 

By care and art, in due degree. 

Be a conqueror of the sea, 

So thy brave sons may safer ride 

While toiling for thee on the tide. 

Work the work of righteousness, 
And thy sorrows shall be less ; 
And the foodful, friendly sea 
Bring its tributes still to thee. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 99 

VII. 

Turn, O City fair, and see 

What thy future fame may be ; 

If built on truth, thou shak be seen 

Sitting as an Ocean Queen ; 

Thy queenly port and rule confessed 

Through all our borders east and west ; 

The while thy full, outreaching hand 

Scatters plenty through the land ; 

Thus gaining wealth and true renown, 

And adding jewels to thy crown. 

Rise, O City by the Sea ! 

Reach thy large expectancy ; 

From thy years of toil and strife, 

Rise to higher, better life. 

Then came the oration by Rev. John L. R. Trask, D. D. of 
Springfield, Mass. Dr. Trask is of Gloucester parentage, and his 
oration was a masterpiece of historic research, and was listened to with 
rapt attention. 



L.ofC. 



THIS ADDRESS IS DEDICATED 

TO THE 

MEMORY OF MY FATHER AND MOTHER, 

WHO WERE BORN AND MARRIED IN GLOUCESTER, 

AND WHOSE ASHES REST IN THE SACRED DUST OF THE DEAR 
AND VENERABLE TOWN. 



2*^- 




MTKItAUY EXERCISES. 
.Tolui L. n. Tiask, I). I) , Orator. 



I 



THE GLOUCESTER OF. YESTERDAY AND THE 
GLOUCESTER OF TO-MORROW. 



HISTORICAL ADDRESS DELIVERED BY REV. J. L. R. TRASK, D. D., OF 
SPRINGFIELD, AT THE CELEBRATION OF THE TWO HUNDRED AND 
FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE INCORPORATION OF GLOUCESTER.* 



For the first time in her history, our Mother, venerable and beloved, 
summons to her ancient home among the rocky hills and beside the 
responding sea, the sons and daughters nursed along her coves and on 
her farms who thence have gone to make elsewhere an ampler fortune 
than she could give. Her voice of invitation and of welcome they 
have heard, and as they gather with the children who have never left 
the rude but still attractive hearthstones, they are glad to see that 
although two centuries and one half of time have risen and set above 
their parent's face, there is to-day no wrinkle on her brow. The gods 
of home and love have idealized our Mother in this festal hour, and no 
fairer light can fall upon these hills than that which lingers on her benig- 
nant face, nor can any voice more tuneful or attractive echo from these 
sands along which our ocean rolls, than that which speaks to us from 
the past out of which she has come to celebrate with her glad children 
her quarter of a thousand years. 

Varied and inspiring are the emotions of the hour — yet full of 
charm, and how significant ! Happy memories blend with those less 
joyous as we wend our way hither. It is an hour of triumph, as every 
pealing bell and voice of cannon and shout of man and swelling strain 
of song do clearly show, but the struggle and the pain which are the 
ominous undertone of every victory will play their minor chord in the 
music of the hour. The voices of those who have made Gloucester 
what she is will join unheard in the chorus and their reverend forms 
will reappear on the crowded streets. 

* In preparing this address, the writer not only perused with care the Records of the Town of 
Gloucester, but read also all the local histories which have been published. He spent many hours 
among the Gloucester archives at the State House. To these sources he owes the historical data 
which appear in these pages. He collected many other interesting items for which there was no room 
in this address. Indeed, only a part of the following pages were read to the public on the anniversary- 
day. 



I04 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

With how royal a welcome should we greet them, could we look 
into their faces or take their hands ! The fathers and mothers of the 
town who in its early and uncertain years laid the foundations in the 
lonely hearthstone and built the walls of virtues, strong as adamant ; 
the first minister, of gentle but adventurous spirit, who on old ruins 
dared to recreate a community, and all his succeeding sons who gave 
type and tone to the religious life and kept the altar fire aflame in the 
midst of dark, sad poverty and depleting war ; the teachers who im- 
parted their personality with the lessons they taught, and were men of 
power because they made the vocation of the school-master a sacred 
profession, in which devotion and self-sacrifice were blended with 
knowledge ; the physician who with scant skill but powerful drug laid 
down his experience with tender hand and heart at the cottage door, 
to bring in some new aspirant for life and air, or went on foot through 
the winter snow to soothe the final hour of one who was about to make 
his exit into a world, where let us hope the conflict will be less stern 
than here ; the merchant, whose ships flashed their phosphorescent 
wakes in every sea; the trader who, over his rustic counter, caught the 
meagre dollar ; the farmer who extorted from the not over fertile soil 
the food which in the long, tough winter gave the villager hope of a 
better harvest in days to come ; the soldier on the grim frontier or off 
on far away excursions of defence, drilled only in the steady courage 
of his unshrinking and desperate heart ; the sailor in the pent forecastle 
or among the whirling shrouds, the bell of whose doomed vessel is 
mufiled in the sands which lie below that ocean whose pitiless storms 
tossed the seamen into eternity, but whose hardy crew in search of 
game has given a historic significance to the fish whose golden symbol 
hangs below our State House dome ; these all and many another by their 
humble and honorable toil, common workmen and workwomen though 
they were, contributing to the warp and woof of our present prosperity, 
and building out of the isolated hamlet the goodly city whose doors 
swing wide open to us all — these, I say, have a place in the festive 
processions and mingle their voices in the Te Deum of our praise. 
But for these, our Gloucester would be as hard to find as the huts of 
the first fishermen who landed here three years after Plymouth. 

Meantime, we who have come back will set ourselves in chime 
with the sentiment of the hour by visiting once more the house whose 
roof covered us with our first shelter ; with heart saddened by precious 
memories we shall go again to the burial places where rests the dust 
which is kindred with our own. We shall recall the shadowed life of 
an earlier time, which was not all shadow, though poverty and the pains 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 105 

of hardship shed upon it their midnight spell, for that life was cheered 
by a faith which illumed and by a hope which conquered. We shall 
walk over the old roads so often trodden by feet which moved to the 
step of truths which thrill like music and transform drudgery into 
romance ; we shall listen to the sound of the ocean's manifold voice as 
it sings among the rocks along which came the pioneers of 1623 who 
faded soon under the depressing touch of misfortune's dark wand, and 
the men of 1642 who broke the wand in twain and faced misfortune 
until it fled. We shall sail dreamily up the full Annisquam amid 
the odor of the swaying marsh grass and the bayberry from Fox and 
Wolf Hills, and along the summer islands whose solitudes soothe the 
heated heart of those who have found in these disdained spots an 
asylum for their fatigue ; we shall climb the not steep ascent of Railcut, 
whence the eye can follow the sea all about the old Gloucester, as on 
the shield of Achilles the ocean was poured round the whole ; we shall 
encamp at Bass Rocks ; and across the beach of Little Good Harbor 
and the twin towers of Thacher's melancholy isle see the late moon 
emerge from the horizon, or shall dally after twilight or in the early 
day along the old Manchester road, over the slow brook and through 
the dull pines, carpeted with the leaf of the arbutus, until we hear as 
we did when we were young the ocean ring his resounding horn amid 
the fabulous depths of Rafe's Chasm ; thence across the bluff — with 
Norman's Woe in sight — saluted by the fragrance of the magnolia, to 
the summer city blessed by this gentle name, and on through the woods 
of the Little Heater to the old lily pond, and so back to the town by 
the rural highway we used to know as "Apple Row"; or through the 
embowered lanes of the West Parish and over the sands of Coffin's 
Beach and across the bar on a sure tide to the rocky headland, and 
"round the Cape," past a dozen coves and The Three Turks' Heads 
and the Beaver Dam and the Farms and Vinson's Spring to the Town 
Pump which for many a generation blessed the town with its ancient 
gifts, as clear and fresh as that which came from Horeb. By such 
memories and such revivings of life shall we re-create our home — for 
this is our Gloucester, and not less ours because the facile hand of 
improvement has changed many a feature and remanded to the inexor- 
able past the forms and faces of the olden times. 

Gathered on this historic spot, where by undisputed tradition the 
first settlement was made, and to which the name of " Fishermen's 
Field " still clings as the only monument of that primitive period of our 
municipal life, it seems fitting that some notice should be made of that 
first era of the town, — that we should drop our ])lummet here among 



I06 riVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

these ancient soundings, and apply the square and compass of the 
builder's art to the rude architecture of that day when the structure 
was begun, and regale ourselves with the thought that however tempo- 
rary and meagre was the commencement, yet it was here that the 
Colony of Massachusetts Bay had its origin ; that Salem is our daughter 
rather than our sister; that as Charlestown and Boston and Dorchester 
were largely founded of Salem men, they too may find their Mother 
here; that as Hartford and other towns in Connecticut were settled 
from Dorchester and vicinity, that colony also may claim inheritance 
in this ancient cradle ; and as it was in Hartford that constitution was 
made by the Rev. Thomas Hooker, which furnished the model for 
the Constitution of the United States, we may with that complacent 
spirit, which is the right of citizens as they celebrate the life of their 
native town, take our congratulations in the large and significant history 
which under the providence of God has been developed in the growth 
of the Commonwealth and the increasing power of the nation. It was 
Massachusetts Bay and not Plymouth which shaped the early life of 
Boston, and it was Boston which, at the head and centre of the colo- 
nial life hereabouts, gave form and strength to the early struggle, and 
afterward, at the State House and in Faneuil Hall and in the tower of 
the Old North and in the pulpits of a hundred adjacent churches, 
directed the public opinion which ended in the Constitution and the 
Union. We are like little Bethlehem in the heart of Palestine ; famous, 
not so much in ourself, as in the great event which had its cradle here. 

Among the fables of the Indians is a story of a river with double 
currents, — its waters ran both ways. It is so with our thoughts in 
these moments of anniversary. We look backward, and we look for- 
ward, too. Man is history, he is prophecy also. Hope and memory 
run in his veins like opposing tides or the two-fold stream of the 
ancients. If we live only in reminiscence, we shall wither. If we for- 
get the past, we may forget its foundations, too. The proper attitude •- 
of the serious mind is to recall the days which are gone and to antici- \ 
pate the future. And as we dedicate our gala days to prophecy as well ^ 
as to memory, we shall find our theme to be, " the Gloucester of 
yesterday and the Gloucester of to-morrow." 

It was a fancy of our youth that somewhere on this Cape landed 
the great John Smith, Governor of Virginia, Admiral of New England, 
voyager in all seas, and adventurer in many climes. He it was indeed 
who in memory of a maiden who showed him kindness when mis- 
fortune befell him in the Orient attached her name, Tragabigzanda, to 
the headland ; and the "Three Turks' Heads " was the pagan christen- 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. lO/ 

ing he gave to some of our rocky isles. But, unfortunately for us, since 
the event would have invested our Cape with a romantic interest, there 
is no evidence from the captain's travels that he touched our shore 
with his foot. In that adventurous voyage which he made in an open 
boat from the Penobscot to Cape Cod, Smith observed with care the 
features of the land and afterward gave a glowing account of its timbers 
and its birds, and left names modified at a later date to Cape Elizabeth, 
Cape Anne, and the River Charles. He made a map of the country, 
too, which, faulty in some particulars, is remarkably accurate in its 
general outline of the tortuous coasts. But he left no footprint here. 
His best bequest is the name Anne, or Anna, in honor of the consort 
of the king, in whose royal name he sailed. 

But, if Capt. John Smith did not give celebrity to our Cape by 
disembarking here, we can claim some honor in being visited by Samuel 
De Champlain, founder of Quebec, an earlier navigator, who with the 
spirit of adventure and discovery common to his times is sailing to find 
what he can of land and knowledge. What a gentle picture is that 
given by De Champlain himself, as in that mellow summer day in 1605, 
he saw afar the eastern shore of our familiar cape, and in the early 
twilight of the following morning dropped his adventurous anchors near 
the rocky coast. 

The Indians creeping down through the timber, their quick, keen 
glance to see if the visitor is friend or foe, the launched canoe, the 
dance of joy on the shore to mark their own good will, the landing of 
the French explorer, the reception in the rude gorgeousness of the 
native fashion, the exchange of knives and bread for beads and plumes, 
the crayon and the chart, the lines the Indian drew as teacher of 
geography to the expedition, imitating unconsciously his red brethren, 
who before this time, with a piece or chalk, had made sketches of the 
New England coast for Gosnold — marking northerly the coast to show 
where the Merrimac met the sea behind the sand bar of Plum Island, 
and southerly to note how the shore swelled and sagged between the 
Cape and the River Charles and beyond — the six pebbles on the sand 
by which the Sachem became iirst^university professor of history to the 
navigator, the friendly farewell, and the sailing away to Cape Cod to 
return in September, — is any painting in the gallery of our primitive 
New England more pleasing or more suggestive ? 

The autumn interview is less ideal, but its incidents are set forth 
in a pre-Raphaelite way. The grapes are well ripened. The common 
vegetables are in abundance, for nature has had one of her phenomenal 
years. The harvest is nearly done. Two hundred savages are here. 



I08 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The walnut and the cypress and the oak and the ash and the beech 
make up the rich woodland, under whose leafy roof these men abide, 
while the odorous sassafras luxuriates at the tent door. 

The chief approaches and brings a friend, both of whom are enter- 
tained by De Champlain in noble style. Were it Henry IV. of France, 
King Henry of Navarre and the white plume, Champlain's own mon- 
arch, he could not have been received with a finer grace or have been 
invited to sit at a more splendid banquet. The Emperor of the Woods 
is here and due honors are paid to his rustic majesty. Another chief 
is presented with a garment, which does not hang with the ease and 
freedom of the flowing Indian robe, and he gives it away. It is clear 
that the Parisian draper's art is not deemed good form in the American 
woods. The ship's surgeon cures a native of some pestilent malady, 
and thus the navigator blends humanity and skill with fashion and the 
sumptuous board. Next day there is an Indian dance with some omi- 
nous phases in the figures the dancers make, but ten musketeers 
appear in a manner apparently very casual, and the dancers change 
partners and vanish. Soon the Frenchman plans for his departure. If 
he will but stay a day longer, the natives will bring two thousand friends 
to call. But whether this seems too large a number to entertain or 
whether he fears the Greeks bearing such a gift, the gracious captain is 
persuaded that a deeper comfort dwells in the deep sea and under the 
sailor's benign stars, and he goes away forever, having given the place 
the mellow name of Le Beau Port, — the Charming Harbor. 

Since our Cape, in a clear sky, can be seen from Plymouth, it is 
not improbable that some of the Pilgrims had sailed across the bay and 
made a visit to our shore, before the date usually assigned as the time 
of occupation under the charter issued by Lord Sheffeild. But the real 
date of the beginning here was in 1623, when the Dorchester Company, 
under the leadership of the Rev. John White, sent a colony of men, 
with a due supply of farming tools, and all the necessary equipment for 
industry on land and sea. It was daybreak at Cape Anne. 

Three thousand pounds sterling were raised for the Dorchester 
Company. Winslow and Robert Cushman were enlisting supporters 
in the mother country. Articles were written and published, which 
were afterward supposed to have set '' to faire a glosse " on Cape Anne. 

The planters of Plymouth sent of their small number to aid in 
building the fishing stage. A great frame-house is set up. The harbor 
speaks of safety, and the shore and the near sea invite for fishing. 
Cattle are introduced, and of good grade. Salt works are established, 
as there is at present no connection with Cadiz. The land is not 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. lOQ 

greatly promising, but wise heads for planning, and steady arms for 
work, will coax some kind of a harvest from the laziest soil. Two 
overseers are appointed, — one for the land and one for the sea. 
Mr. Conant soon comes to be the Governor. He is only thirty years 
of age, but the precious quality of manhood is in him, and not havinf^ 
this, if he were sixty years old, he would be an idle officer. Lyford is 
here and perhaps Oldham, too, both of whom Governor Bradford thinks 
little of. Lyford, he says, is the evil genius of New England. Oldham 
is not much better. Perhaps it was these men — it was certainly men 
of their unfortunate temper, who had to do with the disturbance which 
brought Capt. Miles Standish to our Cape for his only known visit. 
It was then that the doughty soldier of Plymouth met the gentle Mr. 
Conant, and found out that " moderation and prudence " are a good 
match for military aggressiveness, especially when the right is on the 
gentler side.* "Thrice is he armed who hath his quarrel just." The 
Sheffeild Charter provides not only for liberty " to fish & fowle & hawke 
& hunt," but furnishes land for public uses, "for the building of a 
Towne, Scholes, Churches, Hospitals," and for the support of ministers 
and magistrates. Rehgion and law shall be the twin guardians of the 
young town, and humanity and education shall join hands for the pro- 
tection of the people. 

Fourteen persons winter here, in 1623-24, and perhaps fifty people, 
of all ages and of both sexes, had been here at the time of the dissolu- 
tion of the enterprise. But these were enough to create a permanent 
community had they all been of the spirit of Conant, who, when he 
was urged at a later date to return to England, says, " I gave my utter 
deniall to goe away with them." Of like temper was John Winthrop, 
brave as he was devout and religious as he was resolute, who in the 
cabin of the "Arbella," drew up a small paper, in which are these 
words, "For this end [/. e., to make the expedition a success], we 
must be knit together in this work as one man. . . . We must be 
willing to abridge ourselves of our superfluities for the supply of others 
necessities." But, all the men were not of this unflinching cast. The 
fishing did not prosper. The shipping depreciated in value. The salt 
works were destroyed by fire. There are hints of bad government — 
of troubles in the domestic camp, which we may well believe, if Lyford 
and Oldham are using their natural gifts. Some of the men lost their 
heart and went back to their English home, and disappointment and 

* A gentleman from Plymouth, who listened to the address, took exception to this paragraph, in 
a kind letter to the writer. The writer has reviewed the history at this point, but does not find any 
good reason for revising his opinion. 



IIO TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

dismay shadowed the land. And the morning and the evening were 
the first day. The sun had set in clouds, and the " Fisherman's Field " 
became a name for the historian to conjure with. In 1626 the few hardy 
spirits who had braved the disaster embarked for Salem and gave their 
heart and life to make the history of that typical New England town. 

What an air of romance and of mystery too, hangs about that first 
Gloucester ! On what rock was it of this rugged shore that these later 
Pilgrims landed, the first settlers of Massachusetts Bay? Where is the 
path they trod through the inhospitable woods or along the lonely sands 
as they went from the shore they touched to the place where they slept 
that first long, dark, and uncertain night? Whom did they meet on 
the way? Who was the first sentinel of that scant encampment? That 
earliest home, where did it stand, or any of the houses beneath whose 
roofs of thatch they made their homes and lit the unquenched fires of 
affection and of peace? Who has found the stones which were deeply 
laid for the hugh chimney stack? Where were the first meeting house 
and the first school? Where was the first town meeting held, for 
although no organized town was here, can it be that fourteen or forty 
primitive New Englanders could be together and not take a vote about 
something, or nominate a committee to investigate and report? And 
the burial place too — who knows its location ? — for it is not to be 
supposed that all of those hardy picaieers escaped the prostration of 
disease or the sad fate which waits like a black angel at the couch of 
pain ? What were their thoughts, gloomy or inspiring, as in the cold, still 
twilight, they heard the surge and the moan of the ocean which lay 
stretched from their doors to the happy Motherland — country of green 
meadows and prosperity, which just now they had left? What music 
was it, and who sang, which by its sweet chords brought to these men 
in the subdued pathos of memory the vision of Cathedral towers 
whose chimes had summoned them to its places of prayer, or of lowly 
meeting houses where Sternhold and Hopkins had set the key to the 
praises of the Lord ? Alas ! that we know so little of it all. A few 
prosaic incidents ; one or two names like Conant and Woodbury and 
Goodman and Norman and Palfrey, and the volume closes. 

Between the days of Conant and the coming of Blynman our his- 
tory has a dim, uncertain record. One hundred years ago, there was 
" an ancient manuscript " alluded to by the venerable Parson Forbes 
in a dedicatory address, which doubtless contained many references 
to this interregnum. But the valued document is no longer extant. 
Where these unknown settlers lived, who they were, what they did, is 
entirely matter of conjecture, except that they "met and carried on 



t 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. Ill 

the worship of God among themselves." If they had a meeting house, 
as may be supposed from this reference to their religious habits, and 
also from an obscure record in our town books, it was somewhere on 
the elevation of land on the road to the Town Parish. If such were 

the site, there was a fitness in it, for from its roof — it had no belfry 

could be seen the ancient " Fisherman's Field," the winding of the tidal 
river, along which, at its upper and rockier end, some houses were 
afterward built, and the distant sand dunes of Coffin's Beach and Annis- 
quam. The harbor with its island, and Eastern Point — not lighted 
for many years afterward — with its pebbly coves, were also in sight, 
and wherever on the shore or among the hills those dwellers of 1633 
and thereabout had their hamlet, the house erected for the worship of 
Almighty God stood over it as the symbol of protection and of peace. 

In 1639 the General Court provides for the establishment here of 
Mr. Maurice Thomson and other fishermen. But Thomson does not 
come. A house is built for him, and one Rashley was chaplain here. 
Some travellers by sea in that early time in sailing by our harbor 
observed a house standing near the shore. But no occupant is at hand 
and the signs of human life are few. There is evidently no definite 
purpose or unity of interest. The time has not come for a permanent 
Gloucester. 

Whatever reason may have existed for the disbanding of the 
settlers of 1623-24, and for the failure of their attempt to establish them- 
selves here, none of these causes could operate to intercept the new 
endeavor of 1642. Aside from the fact that for ten years or more there 
had been some families residing here, there is a host of additional 
items which make us conclude that the new intention will not fail. 
Towns and townships are in the air. There is a new and decided 
impulse in the life of the colony. The period of uncertainty has 
passed. Immigrations are more frequent. The people have become 
fixed in their ideas of progress. The winter with its frosty lines of 
disaster is gone, and although there is much of struggle ahead, the first 
songs of the summer are heard. The arrival of John Endicott, in [62S, 
with his company of sixty, gave permanence to the settlement of Salem, 
and after the royal charter was granted to the Massachusetts Bay 
Colony in 1629 there came to Salem nearly four hundred persons more, 
so that by 1630, upwards of one thousand people had arrived in 
New England with the resolute purpose of making here their home. 

In the year of our charter, Charlestown was settled, and in 1630 
Boston and Dorchester and Watertown began their history, while 
Cambridge followed in 1631. These settlements gave an air of per- 



112 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

manence to the colony and each new hamlet fortified those which 
preceded it. Taxes were assessed for the general defence, and Water- 
town showed the true English mettle and declared itself genuine 
Yankee by asserting the immemorial right of objecting, on the ground 
that general consent must be had before a general tax can be levied. 
In 1633, we have the General Court and in 1636 the college, for by 
this time twenty villages had gotten local habitations and names, and 
four thousand people are in them, for whom due legislation must be 
made, and whose civic and social interests demand Christian learning 
as well as a Christian church. The attempt to wrest away from the 
settlers their rights of property has come to a failure, but Boston Harbor 
has been fortified and guns have been set up on Dorchester and Charles- 
town heights because the threat has been made to invade the liberties 
of this young republic. Endicott has expressed the defiant word of 
the colonists by cutting the cross of St. George from the royal flag, and 
the noble nature of Harry Vane has infused into the people something 
of the vigor which flamed in his own illustrious blood. 

The spirit of colonization is abroad. The settlements of the Bay, 
not over populated, are lessening their own numbers to begin Windsor 
and Wethersfield and Hartford and New Haven. Here in our own 
county townships are springing up, every one of which makes more 
certain that which follows. 

Lynn is founded in 1629 andSaugus comes in 1630. In 1634, our 
neighbor Ipswich had its true beginning, and in the same year the land 
about Andover was assessed for an inland plantation, and the inhab- 
itants there were to have three years' immunity from public charges 
and services of all kinds, military discipline alone excepted. Newbury 
was settled in 1635. Before 1637, many homes were established at 
Marblehead, and in 1639 Rev. Ezekiel Rogers and his company were 
at Rowley. Salisbury began its corporate life in 1640, and at this date 
the Honorable Court gives power to erect a village at Jeffrey's Creek, 
now Manchester. 1641 saw the settlement at Haverhill secured, and 
the same year Strawberry Bank and Dover were added to Massachusetts 
Bay. The first printing press had been brought into the colony, and 
thus the local news becomes general. There were signs of commercial 
life also, for in 1641 Governor Winthrop is quoted as saying that three 
hundred thousand pounds of dry fish were sent to market. It is time 
now for Cape Anne to be repopulated. The adjacent territory is well 
filled with settlers. There is a strong community of interest. The 
isolated hamlets live like neighbors. The two colonies exchange 
courtesies and citizens. The stars are in a benignant mood when the 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. I 13 

Rev. Richard Blynman and his friends in 1642 give the birth hour to 
our favored town. 

In Chapter XX. of " Wonder-Working Providence," Mr. Edward 
Johnson, the author, gives the following quaint and graphic account of 
the settlement whose years of eventful history we commemorate this 
day. The chapter is headed thus : " Of the planting of the one and 
twentieth church of Christ at a town called Glocester." " There was 
another town and church of Christ erected in the Massachusetts Gov- 
ernment upon the Northern Cape of the Bay, called Cape Ann, a place 
of fishing, being peopled with Fishermen till the reverend Mr. Richard 
Blindman came from a place in Plemouth Patten called Green Har- 
bour with some few people of his acquaintance and settled down with 
them, named the town Glocester, and gathered into a Church, being 
but a small number, about fifty known. They called to office this 
godly reverend man whose gifts and abilities to handle the word is not 
inferior to many others, labouring much against the errors of the times, 
of a sweet humble heavenly carriage ; this town lying out toward the 
point of the Cape, the access there unto by land becomes uneasy, 
which was the cause w^hy it was no more populated ; their fishing trade 
would be very beneficial had they men o" Estates to manage it, yet 
are they not without other means of maintenance having good timber 
for shipping and a very sufficient builder, but that these times of com- 
bustion the seas throughout hath hindered much that work, yet there 
have been vessels built here at the town of late." 

And now that Mr. Blynman and his followers are here, and the 
town has been incorporated and a clerk appointed and a body of com- 
missioners selected who shall have ''jurisdiction in small causes" and 
the first colonial tax of six pounds and ten shillings has been levied 
and the municipal life has fairly begun, we may make a brief and 
inadequate summary of the first century of our history. 

The beginning is feeble and the proportions are small. But there 
is movement along the whole line of the local life. The hundred years 
are full of critical periods, but resolute men are here, and there are to 
be no receding steps. The General Court orders that a loan of mus- 
kets be made to Gloucester, and George Norton, as the eldest sergeant 
of the militia, is directed to exercise the company in military drill. 
Arms are kept in every dwelling, and they are taken to the house of 
God on the Lord's Day. Each family is ordered to have a place for 
the "breeding of saltpetre," and the youth from ten to sixteen are to 
be trained to the use of small guns. 

The boundaries of Gloucester and Ipswich and of Gloucester and 



114 ^f^<^ HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Jeffrey's Creek are adjusted, and the meeting house is the base line 
from which the distances are measured. Seven or eight pounds are 
paid to satisfy the Indian claim, so that there shall be no injustice done 
the red man and no insecurity of title remain to affect the white. 
Highways are constructed for public travel. Saw and grist and fulUng 
mills are built. The wood which seems to cover very largely the whole 
territory makes a staple for commerce, and that the forests may be 
preserved no family is allowed to cut more than twenty cords for its 
own use. In one year (171 1) over five hundred cords of wharf wood 
are shipped to a firm in Boston. In another year (1706) thirty vessels 
laden with wood are sailing through the Annisquam. 

The building of vessels goes forward, and before the first century 
is done we read of "sloops, canoes, shallops, and boats," which either 
are launched here or are in use by our people. The first schooner is 
made here and here receives her quaint and original name. In 1698 
a ship is built for the merchants of Boston. Shipwrights are numerous, 
and all over the town is heard the noise of sawing lumber, of hewing 
clapboards, of shaping hoop staves and wooden bolts. Both houses 
and vessels are small, but they are built on honor. Business is pro- 
moted by the opening of "the Cut," which work Mr. Blynman com- 
pletes, although the General Court, before his arrival, had made 
preliminary inspection of the same. Gloucester becomes a lawful 
port, and is made part of the district of Salem. The fisheries take a 
new life. Mr. Dutch seems to have a flake yard at Planters' Neck 
(1651) and Mr. Duncan is dignified by the title of merchant, because 
he does an honorable business at the point still called by his name. 
Wharves are built at Stage Neck, and in the last year of the first cen- 
tury there are seventy fishing vessels owned by the people of the town. 
They do business along the shore, and they are engaged in foreign 
fisheries too at Cape Sable, with the sad and oft told story of death by 
wreckage and losses by the enemy who " make fearful depredations 
upon our poor fishermen." Mackerel are admitted to the realm of 
coinage and are used as a tender in the payment of debts. During the 
winter months trade is sometimes carried on with the Colonies at the 
South, and the crews are the men who spend the summers fishing in 
the Bay or at the Grand Banks. 

The pirate fares ill in the hands of these men, who more than once 
force him to surrender and to lower his unholy flag. Wind and wave 
on these rough shores toughen the men of the Cape, and they fear 
nothing on land or sea. They are ready for military expeditions when 
they are wanted. They love their lowly homes, but they have a hardy 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. I 15 

sense about them and a mind which recognizes the need of stern 
qualities. Perhaps it was this rough and ready instinct which reheves 
us of the odium which befell Salem in connection with the witchcraft 
disorder, for although some of our people were arrested, none became 
victims of this unhappy episode of foolishness and crime. 

Of course, we have an early burial place which for nearly one 
hundred years received the dust of all our dead. We have a ferry, 
too, from Trynall Cove to Biskie Island, which, under various forms, was 
kept in use for almost a century. The first almshouse was opened in 
1 7 19, and stood on the southeast side of Governor's Hill. 

At different times the common land, both of field and forest, is 
given out to the settlers, under the judicial charge of the town meeting, 
which in 1725 makes the final apportionment of the remainder. We 
have our local inns and taverns, where all the people gather, good and 
bad, for the circulation of news and incidents of like quality with them- 
selves. The old Ellery House, in Town Parish, was kept by James 
Stevens, who, on one occasion, for entertaining the selectmen and 
furnishing them " licker " for a day, charges the town three pounds, 
eighteen shiUings, two pence, after which convivial discussion of the 
public matters, the town votes that the selectmen "find themselves." 
In the famous campaign of 1675, Gloucester is not behind in paying its 
assessment of nine pounds, nine shillings, and sending into the field a 
quota of men estimated to be one third or one fourth of all the citizens 
able to bear arms, and in the Canadian expedition of 1690, so many of 
our men are engaged that Rev. John Emerson, in a letter, remarks that 
if some of them be not released, " we must all be forced to leave the 
town." "We have not men left to keep a watch." Such were the 
temper and the hardship of the times. 

The interests of education are not neglected, for within two 
years of the beginning, Ezekiel Collins teaches penmanship and other 
branches of learning, and in doing this work imitates the early shoe- 
maker and tailor who go about from house to house. The schools have 
a capricious existence, and at times almost disappear. But the General 
Court does not forget its high trust as the custodian of all the duties of 
the people, and with faithful admonition prods the delinquent town 
whose all-sufficient excuse is its constant poverty. The meeting-house 
is house-general for all business, and here it is that the early school is 
kept, and when the first school-house comes into separate existence it 
is built on the easterly side of the church. The wages of the teacher 
are not great, say (1698) one shilling and sixpence a day, or, in the 
case of John Newman, of Wenham (1703-4), the town is to see him 



Il6 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

satisfied for his pains, and if he can collect anything from the young 
men whom he teaches to " wright and cipher," he is welcome to the 
extra perquisite. Joshua Moody (1709) is to teach " lattine if scholars 
appear." The town sends many young men to Harvard, two of whom 
graduate in 1689, and five others take their first degree before the 
century closes. And in turn many graduates of Cambridge teach in 
our early schools. It is probable they gave new impulse to learning, 
for Sandy Bay wants a school-house of its own in 1725, and ten years 
later the town is divided into seven districts, that the advantages of the 
school tax may be more evenly proportioned and enjoyed. 

The First Church was, of course, the church of Mr. Blynman and 
his followers ; but his sensitive nature could not bear the affront of evil- 
minded men, and soori he took his departure from the town. The 
charm of his gentle spirit drew many of the settlers away with him, but 
the fire on the sacred altar does not languish. 

Great as had been the wisdom and efficiency of the pastor during 
the eight or nine years of his service, there was too much indepen- 
dence in the people to allow his departure to imperil the cause of 
religion. A religious tumult often quickens the vigor of dilatory saints. 
Ten acres of land are at once set apart for the teaching elders and, as 
if to give a kind of permanence to the relation, one half an acre for a 
dwelling house and land on the marsh besides. 

WiUiam Perkins is soon here to minister to the people, and when, 
after a brief stay, he removes to Topsfield, it appears that Thomas 
Millet and William Stevens have charge of the spiritual interests of the 
town. Then Rev. John Emerson (1661) is installed in due form, and 
new stability invests our ecclesiastical life, for his ministry of forty years 
sees his congregation increase three-fold. 

The pastoral career of Mr. White, his successor, seems equally 
happy, for although the West Parish and the North Parish at Annis- 
quam are set off, and preaching, at least for a part of the year, is main- 
tained at Sandy Bay, and the old First Parish is divided, all during his 
ministry, yet the year which dates the close of the first century finds 
his church with a membership of two hundred and sixty. 

The same stalwart spirit which contested the encroachment of the 
mother country, one hundred years afterwards, comes to the surface in 
1688, when the selectmen, standing in a vicarious service for the whole 
town and expressing the mind of the entire people, make common 
cause with their neighbors of Ipswich and other towns against the cruel, 
unprincipled, and defiant government of Andros. For four long, harsh 
years the people of this colony lost their right of self-government. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 11/ 

James the Second, that fantastic and foolish king, had denied to 
the people the privilege of choosing their governor, and had appointed 
this man who, with aid of a part of his council, less than a majority? 
swept, with the odious breath of the Stuarts, into temporary oblivion 
the whole body of laws and customs the people had adopted. The 
taxes were burdensome and unjust, and resistance in an open and bold 
form was made to them. Some of the leaders in this courageous 
movement were imprisoned. One officer escaped with a fine. But 
the sentiment of the people was a unit, and the town paid without a 
murmur, in a day when the resources of the villagers were limited, the 
whole expense incurred by its officers, amounting to above forty-two 
pounds. Such was the first offering Gloucester laid on the altar of 
freedom. 

During the century of which we are speaking, the population had 
received gains and suffered losses by the various events incident to our 
New England settlements. Mr. Babson gives it as his opinion that 
about one third of those who came with Mr. Blynman remained in the 
town and found here their final resting place. 

Of the early settlers, thirty had their homes at the Harbor and 
forty lived on the " neck of house lots," in what is now " up in town." 
Soon after 1651, we find people at or near Little Good Harbor Beach, 
at Walker's Creek, at Little River, at Fresh Water Cove, and at 
Annisquam. 

In 1656, Haraden is permanently located at Annisquam, and 
between 1695 and 1700, Babson has land at Straitsmouth, and Richard 
Tarr and John Pool are neighbors at Sandy Bay. In 1742, the popu- 
lation is supposed to be fourteen hundred. Losses in war, and heavy 
and heart-breaking losses at sea, have diminished the people. Besides, 
numbers have gone to Portland (1727-28) to encourage the settlement 
there, and New Gloucester is largely peopled from our families (1736). 

We must have had additions, too, else it would not be possible to 
account for the growth, for in 1690 it is thought that there were but 
ninety men fit for military service. The harbor had eclipsed the set- 
tlement on the river, and in 1738 it had become the more important 
factor in our commercial as well as in our social life. It had been a 
century of trial and pain ; poverty had lessened the vigor of many a 
frame and dampened the fire of many a heart, and death had taken 
many a valuable man. But the life had been continued and the growth 
had gone forward. The work of the modest and patient Blynman 
had not been in vain. 

A study of the phases of life in the colonial age, as developed. 



Il8 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

not only in Gloucester, but also in all the towns of the Bay, and in 
Plymouth as well, and, in fact, wherever any of the roots of this epoch 
can be traced, reveals the characteristics of that early era of New 
England. 

They are too marked to escape notice, and they are too interesting 
to be ignored on an occasion like the present, although they have been 
frequently rehearsed. 

The first colonists were original in their conceptions of civil or 
public life. They had no models to follow, and hence they were pio- 
neers in social appliances as well as in the graver matter of religious 
methods. They did not lean on the town or the State to precede, but 
they themselves preceded by their own unique ideas, and thus they 
brought communities and commonwealths into being, and these, gov- 
erned by the same simple but uniform impulses, swing into line, and 
before we are aware, the individual and the local collective bodies are 
moving under a singularly harmonious form of administration. The 
town meeting was not at first by statute, but by popular suggestion. It 
came out of the good sense of the people. To discuss measures which 
were of common concern, seemed to them an aboriginal right, and the 
debates which were carried on informally at the homes, where the set- 
tlers met by day, or in the evening, if the Indian was not near, were 
lifted by a process of development into a popular assembly in which 
the debate became general, and no public issue could pass to its final 
adjustment until due and perhaps undue deliberation had been had 
concerning it. Before the Plymouth men had been in the land one 
year, they had had three or four town meetings, and had passed laws for 
the civil and domestic peace of the colony. Their large and perhaps 
at times informal assemblies not only gave outlet to the alert sugges- 
tions of people who were born to think, but they incidentally conferred 
a dignity on the town itself. It was not with us as in Virginia, where 
the county seems to have taken the precedence, and the town life is 
obscured. But the local government was first, and then in due time 
came the county, invested with such powers as the colonies by statute 
bestowed upon it. It is said that John Adams told a Virginian that if 
his people would adopt town meetings, training days, town schools, 
and ministers, they might have a New England in Virginia. (Fisher.) 

In claiming for the New Englander the conception of the town 
meeting as the arbiter of the public life, it is not forgotten that the 
ancient Anglo-Saxon, and indeed the Roman and Grecian states, recog- 
nized the power of the people in large bodies as giving authority to 
measures of general moment. But the England out of which came 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 119 

the men of the Bay knew no such methods of giving momentum to 
local affairs. The king by divine right had usurped the manifold 
powers of the people. Government was not even an aristocracy in 
which the best men came to power. The crown was as likely to fall on 
the head of an imbecile or a roue as on that of a divinely ordered 
man. And the weaker he was mentally or morally, the more grinding 
would be the burden of his ill-descended power. All modern monop- 
olies, however oppressive, are antedated and outdated by this huge and 
bitter monopoly of one by which the king declares, " The State, — it 
is I." The method of government by the whole people, forgotten in 
the mother realm, and unknown in France, was the revived device of 
the colonial immigrant. So earnest was he in this conviction that had 
it been possible he would have governed the colony by an assembly of 
all the people. 

The spirit of contentment under grievous experiences, which 
marked the Ufe of the early settler, has been noted as most significant. 
But his purpose was not one of adventure, else when misfortune befell 
him, or when he had failed to find the river which flowed over sands of 
gold, we should hear the moanings of disappointment or the minor 
song of a broken hope. Adventure is in search of what it can find. 
It is a superficial spirit as compared with the intent of those who are 
laying the foundation in the wilderness of a spiritual or a civil repub- 
lic. Perhaps the Dorchester Company was looking too eagerly for 
dividends, and perhaps it was this which made insecure the fortunes of 
the men of 1623. 

But Mr. Blynman and his company had another purpose. It was 
not to discover territory — it was to find room in which the conscience 
might set free its aspirations, repressed under the ecclesiastical bond- 
age of a restrictive age, that the immigrant came. He was here, as a 
Moslem would say, "By the Will of God," and seeing the divine hand 
in the impulse, he could find the divine face in the cloud. No shaft 
which misfortune sends can make a bleeding wound in such a spirit. 

Says Governor Bradford, " It is not with us as with men whom 
small things can discourage, or small discontentments cause to wish 
themselves at home again." 

The dreary winter piled high its hills of snow ; the frost came 
early to wither the hopes which lay in ripening grain or lingered with 
capricious grimness to cut down the beginning of the vernal year ; the 
wild beast made havoc with the poultry and the sheep ; the stealthy 
Indian crept down through the sombre timber to invade the holy peace 
of the hamlet above which the God of the beginning nation had 



V 



I20 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

drawn the canopy of night ; men of dark device betrayed the fine 
conception of the leaders and treacherously overthrew them ; disease 
and death consumed the fair and strong when each face and heart 
counted more than one in the desperate but unrelenting struggle ; yet 
the high purpose, leaping clear above all mercenary considerations, 
itself made sacred by baptism at the shrine of faith, presents through 
all, the unbroken spirit of contentment with the lonely lot. No adven- 
turers they ; or if adventurers, adventurers with great moral convictions, 
whose roots ran down into eternity and whose blossoms were as fair as 
the flowers of the Paradise of God. 

When Capt. John Smith wrote of the ' uninviting coast of New 
England, he said : " I am not so simple as to suppose that any other 
motive than money will ever erect there a Commonwealth or draw 
company from their ease and humours at home to stay in New Eng- 
land." But here are the men who are moved by another considera- 
tion, and they are happy and resolute in their choice. Their rugged 
spirits were ethereal in their quality also, and could hear a music in the 
forest primeval which was sung only to their ears. It may be a bit of 
poetic fancy that, — 

" They shook the depths of the desert gloom 
With their hymns of lofty cheer " ; 

but to them it was no play of fancy, but truth as sacred as the Gospel 
that God's bright, swift angels of contentment would brood with rever- 
ent wings above the lowly cabins, and sing them to their sleep or to 
their work, with strains as restful and as inspiring as those the shepherds 
heard in the Orient of old. 

The lords of New England do not appear in our humble records. 
We have no Winthrop, or Dudley, or Pynchon, or Endicott, or Salton- 
stall, or Johnson. It is a group of lowlier names, not famous in the 
annals of the Bay, which has given to us our modest history. The men 
of 1623 have Conant in their number. The men of 1642 have none as 
eminent as he. But our founders were not less resolute because they 
were of more common blood. Indeed, we may claim that it takes men 
of fine mettle to re-establish a community. To brave the solitude and 
the haggard shore at a point from which others had been driven, and 
here to defy the elements and to say, " We will build a town neverthe- 
less," — this indicates that the beginners had in them the vital fibre out 
of which commonwealths are made. But the real truth is that the 
scattered hamlets had a community of interest. Their isolation devel- 
oped independence, but it was also the soil out of which alliance grew ; 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 121 

SO that whatever power in men or means had centred in one village, 
radiated into all the adjoining towns. Gloucester was in a laro-e sense 
alone. Pitched on the rocky headland of Cape Ann, no neighbor 
could encamp beyond her, and the great thoroughfare of colonial life 
ran from Boston through Lynn and Salem and Ipswich and Newbury 
and Strawberry Bank into Maine, and left the little town alone by the 
solitary sea. But the commanding men of Salem and Ipswich and 
Haverhill belonged to us by stress of necessity. The old county of 
Essex, born in 1643, made common cause with all her children. It is 
struggle which makes companionship precious. No bugle note can be 
as loud as the cry of human weakness. 

The views of truth held and maintained by the fathers, however 
much they may have been modified or rejected, had a pronounced 
influence for good in the day when they were the predominant tenets 
of the faith. A rugged age needs stern conceptions. Soft Boeotia 
cradles no heroes. The bolder aspects of religious thought give stiff- 
ness to a life which is beset by hardship or exposed to the long drain 
of poverty. The spirit of man must be braced by exalted ideas when 
his surroundings are of a depressing character. However little in our 
time we may need the exhilarating tonic of those overshadowing views 
of Deity and religion which were the staple of the primitive New Eng- 
lander, there can be no doubt that the founders had in them the only 
manna the wilderness suppUed. To think of these truths on the week 
day and to wrestle with them in high discussion on the Sabbath was a 
constituent part of their spiritual liberty. Had they not been free to 
think on such things, they would have been in bondage still. And if 
they forced their personal convictions a little too strongly, we can con- 
done the act in view of the great work they were doing. Unfortunate 
as may be the spirit of bigotry, the spirit of religious dilettanteism is 
more unfortunate still. To think with emphasis is far better than not 
to think at all. Ecclesiastical exclusiveness is bad, but ecclesiastical 
miUinery is worse. If the one thing be too hard, the other is as much 
too soft. It is, without doubt, a grievous blunder to burn or to brand 
a man for his religious opinions, but it is a mistake no less censurable 
so to treat the important verities of religion that the tender and deli- 
cate instinct of worship which is an essential factor in all noble natures 
is crushed out of men. The heroic element grows out of rude convic- 
tions. The more refinement we have, the fewer heroes we number. 
Luxury enervates power. It is the lion mind which makes the lion 
heart. 

It is not a broad spirit which condemns the past because it did 



f 



122 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

not have the features of to-day. I do not know but the age ol bigotry- 
was as essential a step toward the broad charity of to-day as the 
"dragons of the prime" were necessary in the development of man. 
One phase of thought has its hour and moves on and passes out of 
sight. So truth itself enforces its lesson, leaves its emphasis, and 
makes way for its successor, like the onward movement of the wheel of 
history, which elevates some truths and depresses others. But each 
must have its time and come into the horizon. Because we live on 
one side of the globe, the sun appears and disappears. Because we 
live on one side of the globe of thought, truths vanish for a time and 
then come into sight again on the next swing of their wide orbits. 
Truth is a sphere with zones. Let not those who live in one circle 
censure those whose fortune or misfortune it is to live in another. 
Yesterday is not to-day. Truth has its present and its past tenses^ 
and the form of the one is not the form of the other, but each is cor- 
rect in its place and time. 

Why did not the farmer-thinkers of our Revolutionary^period go 
through such a season of nonsense and fanatic idealism as the wild 
Frenchmen did, of a century ago, and enact, before the mobs of Paris 
had a chance, the crude, short-lived, and fatal drama of a Republic 
without Republicans, and a Commonwealth without common intelli- 
gence and a common regard for order and for law? Our fathers were 
not in less earnest than the rhapsodical pamphleteers who wanted 
bricks without straw. They were kindled to a heat as intense and 
their passions ran as high. 

The firm balance of the leaders and of the people, swinging clear 
of all dreams of doctrinaires, was partly due to the hold reason had 
taken through their discussion of profound religious questions. No 
matter if the debates were not practical or on practical themes, — so 
much the more valuable were they in toughening the mind and giving 
it poise. What was lost in immediate benefit was laid up for future 
resource. Those men became accustomed thus to look at things with 
calmness because the issue was not urgent, and when an urgent issue 
came, their cold and remote reasonings having given them power to 
examine with tranquillity, now were on hand to provide just the stability 
wanted. True rationalists those men were, for they reasoned out the 
methods of their deliberative no less than their military campaigns, 
and having adopted rational ends they pursued them in orderly ways. 

If they took faith as one of their forces also, they still showed 
themselves rational men, for faith in God and in goodness is as reason- 
able as confidence in things more material than they. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 123 

If faith be set aside, religion is dethroned ; and if rehgion be 
dethroned, reason loses its power ; for not only is religion' built up out 
of rational conviction and emotions, but reason itself is kept true to its 
needle by the magnetic power of a vital faith. Faith is the wings with 
which religion soars, but reason is the feet by which it walks. By 
insisting on each in its sphere and place did the old thinkers keep New 
England balanced. 

Their logic was hard and dry and their discussions remote, but 
they gave stability to the mind and made emotion and passion the 
servants of the judgment. 

The early New Englander believed in man. He had a downright 
conviction that God was first, but all his acts prove that man was a 
very significant element in the Puritan's conception of the Universe. 
He had faith in man's thought and in man's work. Whom did he 
believe in if not in himself? He was lowly, when he spoke of God, 
but touch him on the matter of his rights, and see how he bristled ! 
The human idea was intertwined with the Divine. He went to church 
on Sunday because he believed in God. He sent his children to school 
on Monday, because he believed in man. It was this faith in man 
which made him believe that man was superior to institutions. A 
throne stood for tyranny, because under its rule man had no rights. 
To re-invest him with these was the foundation idea of every colony 
that was planted, of every town that was organized. Hence the New 
Englander has travelled across the continent, and wherever he has 
gone, we find the church for his worship and the school for his educa- 
tion. Because he would be free, the spirit of freedom is everywhere. 
The waters of the bay have surged on the shores of the lakes and on 
the cliffs of the Pacific. Liberty is a sentiment which has been canon- 
ized in the suffering of the colonial settler. The early poverty of the 
people made it sacred. The pangs of hunger were welcome if freedom 
stood an angel at the household gates, and the tears these early men 
and women shed over the frail pilgrim whose feet had scarcely touched 
the land she longed for before they became part of its dust, was the 
baptism of this daughter of the gods. To build a nation, to found a 
church, — these were colonial intentions. Let it not be forgotten that 
the pioneers were building manhood too. 

It has been thought that the early history here was dry, lacking in 
poetic charm, and cold and formal in its details. But viewed in the 
light of the endeavor these settlers were making, it would be difficult 
to find anything more romantic. Principle is always cold. Truth in 
its naked forms never has a summer atmosphere about it. But when 



124 "^^O HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

the ruddy human heart takes principle and bathes it in its blood, or 
when a great life, or a small one, lifts truth into its arms and breathes 
its inspiring heat into it, the whole scene burns with color. Judge 
these men by the houses they lived in, by the clothes they wore, by 
the tools they handled, by their rude usages of speech, by their poor 
roads and crude forms of social co-operation, and we shall find nothing 
out of which to make an anniversary ode. But ask what they were in 
their homely way doing, what words were oftenest on their tongues, 
what books lay on their tables, what truths were pushing them on, 
what outlook they had, and what their expectations were, and we shall 
discover in these things the highest themes of song. Achilles eating 
his breakfast is no more than any other man. But Achilles on the 
plains of Troy, clothed in the armor of the gods, their divine light 
flashing in his eye, his face aflame as he fights for his altars — this 
conception makes Homer the poet of all the ages and gives him his 
immortal leadership in the world of epic verse. So the rude events 
of the lonely life here, its strange surroundings, its hard fare, its bitter 
storms, the sterile soil, the grim and treacherous sea, the forest with 
the sullen tribes, are common things, to be met with in any new 
country, and yield no precious flavor; but the noble emotions that 
had their fount and their throne within, the great throbs of power 
which made these men feel that they were equal to any emergency, 
the modest but dignified consciousness that they were in the hands 
of God, whose vast purposes of love and grace they were fulfilling, 
the sober but bracing air with which they went up to the Lord's house 
on the Sabbath, and the provision they made out of their penury " to 
the end that learning might not be buried in the graves " of their 
fathers, the songs they sang, the contentions they had for freedom at 
home, the battles they fought abroad, the sweet pure altars of domestic 
joy, the brotherhood which made every man a helper, the sisterly 
affection which turned every woman into a nurse for the whole neigh- 
borhood of suffering, their festivals and Thanksgivings, their visits 
through the far woods to gentle kinsfolk to tell over the scenes of life 
and love — these all have in them the essential elements of poetry 
and give us the picturesque phase of our New England life. The artist, 
if he knows these shores, will find bewitching realms of color among our 
rocks and hills, and the true poet will not fail to secure a congenial 
theme amid the harsher outlines of colonial life. 

If the first century shows a gratifying development in the incor- 
porate life of the town, the second century is equally pleasing in its 
phases of growth. We detect the same note of hardship, and poverty 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 25 

still waits on the land, while death lurks on the sea. But neither heart 
nor hope abates. The past is too precious to justify any backward step, 
and the future is promising. There is but one word which tallies with 
the life of Gloucester. It is the old brave word, " Forward." 

King George's war and the French and Indian war depress the 
spirits of our maritime people and drain the population. But voyages 
are made to the West Indies, to Spain, and to Portugal, with fish as the 
chief export, while our vessels return with sugar and molasses, with 
fruits and coffee, with salt and with liquors. The trips are disturbed 
by the encroachments of the enemy, and even the fishing boats are 
insecure. But the uncertainties of the sea have their compensation, 
for if men are not wanted there, they are needed at Louisburg, at 
Crown Point, and on the Plains of Abraham. Captain Giddings and 
his company are at Louisburg. At Crown Point we are represented by 
one whole company, besides soldiers who are members of other bodies 
of troops, and if tradition be correct, some of the Gloucester fisher- 
men were at Fort William Henry, and some fought and fell under the 
walls of Quebec. The home garrison defends the old fort, which has 
been put into a state of war by eight mounted twelve-pounders. The 
men who go forth march under the benediction of psalm and prayer, 
for religious services are held in their behalf in the First Parish Church, 
and while they are away they are not uncared for, for Rev. Mr. Chan- 
dler is chaplain of one of the regiments at Crown Point. Valiant in 
war, our people are not lacking in mercy toward those who are in 
trouble, for some of the unfortunate Acadians find in our homes a 
refuge amidst the sad tragedy of their history, and are for a time sup- 
ported at the expense of the town. 

The peace of Paris (1763) opens the sea once more to our 
domestic merchantmen, and soon nineteen schooners sail for the 
Grand Bank, and at the date of the Revolution, our fishing tonnage is 
supposed to be forty-five hundred tons ; nearly one thousand more are 
in foreign commerce, while the population has increased from twenty- 
eight hundred in 1755 to five thousand twenty years later. 

The schools keep pace with the expanding life of the scattered 
community, whose wealth is never more than meagre. In 1758, the 
grammar school is located at the Harbor, and Samuel Whittemore is 
its first teacher. At a later date an association of citizens builds and 
opens a house, which is known as the Proprietors' School (1790), in 
order that better facilities may be enjoyed by the studious of the town ; 
and in the same year, impelled thereto, no doubt, by this spontaneous 
and public-spirited action, Rev. Mr. Forbes — foremost in all good 



I 



126 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

work — on behalf of the school committee, urges improved methods 
in the line of education, and especially larger opportunities for the 
girls. As a result, in 1795, ^ ^^^^ school-house is built at a cost of three 
hundred pounds, and is dedicated by appropriate religious services. 
Ten years afterward two thousand dollars are raised for education, and 
eleven districts have their individual school-houses and teachers. The 
town grammar school becomes a movable institution and, like the 
ancient ark of Israel, blesses now this part of the community and now 
that, until after various phases of form and life, it disappears altogether, 
and the century closes with the district system in the ascendant, and 
twenty-three schools with their ungraded and tangled methods are doing 
what they can to keep to the front the invaluable ministry of education. 
The second century opened with the division of the original parish 
of Gloucester. Not without regret did the families "up in town," see 
the financial centre change. But commerce knows no logic and does 
not respect the muse of history. The power is at the Harbor, and when 
some of the abler men build a meeting house, and secure from the 
General Court, under protest, the name of the First Parish, it is 
evident that the people at the Green must be afterward known as the 
Fourth Parish. The Rev. John Rogers is its first and only minister, 
and the house in which for many years he lived and from which he 
was buried is still standing. The people of Sandy Bay, few in number, 
and representing now (1754) but one twenty-fourth of the total valua- 
tion of the town, had kept their own lights burning for some years on 
the headland of our Cape. It pleases them to have a meeting house 
of their own, and they are organized into the Fifth Parish of Gloucester 

(1754)- 

Inasmuch as in the old New England town, the church is the true 
centre of all its life, it is fair to suppose that it was this feature in the 
history of our neighbor which solidified her interests and helped to give 
impetus to her future. For she soon assumes a new and surprising 
growth. Mr. Babson says that she surpassed all the other parishes in 
percentage of increase. Her thirty-seven tax-payers of 1753 have 
become a population of seven hundred and ten, fifty years later, — and 
in 1840, they have multiplied fourfold. Both here and at Sandy Bay 
the Methodists and the Baptists locate, and Congregational churches are 
founded at the Harbor, at Lanesville, and at West Gloucester. 

The most significant ecclesiastical event of our second century is 
the arrival here of the Rev. John Murray, through whose influence is 
established in this town the first Universalist church of our country. 
Neither the sincerity of his motives nor the uprightness of his life 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 12 J 

nor the essential character of his Christianity is called in question 
to-day. But it was his fortune, as it is that of every pioneer in the 
realm of religion, to be confronted and opposed by good people, who 
mean no wrong, but are mistaken in believing that no divine fruit can 
grow except in their own orchards. It is simply a matter of fact that 
the meek but manly attitude of Mr. Murray was a chapter in the history 
of that wide movement which guarantees religious liberty to all the 
people. The men who adopted the views of this new leader entered, 
with some unfortunate but in the end useless opposition, into compact 
and were incorporated as an Independent Christian Church. Mr. 
Murray was their first minister, and something of their devotion to him 
and of their regard for his Christian demeanor may be inferred from 
the fact that they call him, "their dear brother in God." 

As one reads the faithful transcripts which have been made of our 
local records, no f eehng of shame comes over him as respects the action 
of the town of Gloucester during the Revolution. The provincial taxes 
had been met with as much faithfulness as could be expected. The 
income of the people was generally small and always precarious. 
The local expenses were large, the appropriations for poverty were 
never meagre, and the schools were having a fair support. 

It was clearly seen that any long struggle between the Mother 
Country and the Colonies must affect commerce far more than it did 
agriculture. Still there is never a word of hesitancy as the people of 
this maritime town march up to the impending conflict. In a full 
town meeting with no dissenting breath it is voted that the " stamp act 
is disagreeable," and that no concessions are to be made "whereby our 
liberties which we have as Englishmen under Magna Charta " are to 
be given up or lessened. Four years later when the men of Boston 
called a convention to decide what action should be taken with respect 
of the governor's decision not to summons the General Court, Glouces- 
ter is represented, and in the following year the representative to 
the General Court is instructed to act in harmony with the spirit of 
Boston. In 1772, the town meeting votes that the town of Boston 
deserves the thanks of all the English Colonies in America, and that 
the people of Gloucester are ready to join with them and all others in 
every legal way to oppose tyranny in all its forms. A Committee of 
Correspondence is chosen to act in concert with similar committees in 
other towns. In 1773, the people vote that "with the greatest satis- 
faction we see the town of Boston and other towns gloriously opposing 
this pernicious innovation " — referring to the attempt to force tea on 
the colony. They pass a boycotting act and declare that " we will have 



128 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

no commerce with any person or persons that have or shall have any 
concern in buying or selling that detestable herb." They join hands 
with the merchants of Newburyport in voting not to trade with Great 
Britain. When Boston is oppressed by the Port Bill, Gloucester sends 
one hundred and twenty sheep for food and follows it with a contribution 
of above ^117. The Representatives are ordered to vote for any 
measure which recognizes the authority of the Continental Congress. 
The men who are in the General Court in 1776 are the ablest of the 
town, — Peter Coffin, Samuel Whittemore, William Ellery, Daniel Rog- 
ers, and John Low. 

Meantime the fort or battery house is fitted to receive a stock of 
powder and ammunition. Train bands are summoned to meet on the 
parade ground, armed and equipped as the law directs. Six com- 
panies belonging to Gloucester are enrolled in the Sixth Essex Regi- 
ment, and in April, 1775, active military preparations are begun in the 
town. The minute-men are organized and Captain Nathaniel Warner 
takes command. After Concord and Lexington, the regular enlist- 
ments begin. The town votes arms and blankets for the soldiers and 
aid to their families. Two companies are at Bunker Hill. Defences 
are set up all along our shore. Privateers are equipped. Corn is pro- 
vided for the distressed households. The clergymen are an inspiration 
to the people. No pulpit gives an uncertain sound. Days of fasting 
and prayer are held. The Declaration of Independence is read in all 
the churches and the town votes to maintain and defend its principles. 
Salt works are built at Norman's Woe, at the Cut, and at Annisquam. 
In one year the town votes to borrow ^70,000 to defray the military 
expenses, and so on through the sad yet inspiring days until peace is 
declared. 

These facts and others of like import give but an unfaithful picture 
of the struggle through which our townsmen went as they shared the 
fortunes of their defiant and determined brethren. There was a gen- 
eral shadow on the community. Commerce was ruined. Seven hun- 
dred tons of our shipping were captured by the enemy in a single year, 
and other vessels rotted at the decaying wharves. The local mills 
stopped running. Three hundred and fifty-seven men, out of a small 
population, offered their lives on land or sea, or yielded them up in 
glad sacrifice on the holy altar of colonial liberty. One of the pri- 
vateers — the "Gloucester " — sank at sea with all on board, and sixty 
families were made mourners and were left poor. O'ne sixth of the 
whole population were supported by the town or subsisted on the 
charity of their more fortunate neighbors. The General Court was 



f 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 129 

invited to send a committee to see how impoverished the people had 
become. The small-pox spread into every village of the town (1778-79). 
The winters seemed severely cold, and in one of them (1779-80) the 
harbor froze from Black Bess to DoUiver's Neck. Paper money depre- 
ciated until a dollar was worth but three cents. The ratable polls 
decreased from ten hundred and fifty-three in 1775 to six hundred and 
ninety-six in 1779. So slowly did the town rally from the exhausting 
events of the period that the population, which in 1775 was supposed 
to be about five thousand, had increased only to five thousand three 
hundred and seventeen in 1790. 

The establishment of the State government and the general feel- 
ing of security which pervaded the people after the formation of the 
Union and the election of the first President, gave impulse to local as 
well as to national life. A new and vigorous period of enterprise 
emerges about 1790. The first Gloucester vessel goes to Surinam in 
this year, and thus begins a line of successful commerce which accounts 
for many of the three-storied square mansions which are still seen on 
our streets. The owners and captains of these vessels, and of those 
which touched many points in Europe and the West Indies, were the 
grandees of the town. So vigorous was the commercial spirit of these 
times that forty vessels were engaged in foreign commerce, and the 
registered tonnage was greater than in 1855. 

Meantime the general life goes on. We get a custom-house and 
a post-office, with their respective officers. A semi-weekly, afterward 
a daily, line of stages connects us with the metropolis. The rage of 
party runs high. It seems as if the Guelphs and the GhibeUines are 
here. The war of 18 12 divides the sentiment of the people, but the 
town is put into a state of defence, and gives no quarter to the enemy 
who lands at various points on our coast. Some of our vessels are 
seized and property is pillaged. Our seamen are imprisoned — some 
are brutally treated and set free. 

But after the war the fisheries revive. The bounty act of 18 19 
fires the sailor's heart, and the Gloucester Fish Company is founded 
with a capital of fifty thousand dollars. The town does not forget the 
times of yore, and has at least one grand holiday in Election Day, when 
the Gloucester Artillery exhibits its proud manoeuvres, and the Drum 
Corps is out, and the engine companies parade, and the boys ceh- 
brate with 'lection cake and root beer. The Gloucester Bank is 
formed, and gives, in the character of the men who incorporate it, a 
solid guarantee of its strength. The intellectual life of the town is 
quickened by the Gloucester Lyceum, which for more than thirty years 



I30 TIFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

maintains a high reputation through the ability of its speakers. Physi- 
cians of quality and character become domesticated in the town, and 
give to it a generous public interest. The quarries open their trade 
(1824), and in 1825 we have the first great year of the mackerel trafific, 
which enlarges until, in 1830, over four hundred and fifty thousand 
barrels are packed. There is no room for newspapers founded to 
ventilate small isms or cheap and vagrant political issues. But the 
Gloucester "Telegraph" appeared, and was the only journal for many 
years. Sunday schools nourish the children, and temperance societies 
begin their unending battle. Our first century closed with the division 
of the original parish. The second closes with the division of our 
original domain. Sandy Bay becomes the town of Rockport in 1840. 
The number of inhabitants in both places is about nine thousand. 

The last fifty years have been the marvellous years in the history 
of Gloucester. The development has been too marked to need restate- 
ment to those whose life has been passed within these borders. A 
large part of the active career of the citizens whom I have the honor 
to address is included in the half century which comes to its close 
to-day. It is not wise to attempt to note all the specific lines of 
progress, nor is it necessary. The memory is the best historian. If 
inemory be lacking, the monuments of growth are visible at every turn. 
The Gloucester of other days has been born again in this advancing 
•era. New denominations of Christians, — the Catholic, the Episcopal, 
the Swedenborgian, — have been added to the religious circle, and the 
old denominations have enlarged and colonized, until now we number 
twenty-two places of worship. Even more noteworthy than the growth 
in religious life is the advance which has taken place in the matter of 
education. The two centuries preceding closed with schools probably 
comparable with those in the average town of the Commonwealth. 
Not lack of funds, so much as lack of definite and aggressive methods, 
full of intellectual fibre, has been the chief defect in the years which 
are gone. 

In his history, Mr. Babson speaks of the change that was made in 
1849, from the outgrown and incompetent district school system to 
the admirable form now in operation here. But his modesty prevented 
him from giving the public the full facts in the case, nor has any tongue 
or pen ascribed in anything like adequate measure, the praise due our 
accomplished historian for the remarkable work — even more extraor- 
dinary than his history, exact and exhaustive as it is — he performed 
in the renewal and readjustment of our common schools. In maturing 
this admirable service, Mr. Babson had valuable coadjutors, — indeed 



OF THE TOW.y OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 131 

the whole town, inspired by a new intellectual impulse, rallied to his 
support. F:ducation was the rising theme. The Gloucester Lyceum, 
then at its zenith, furnished a wide platform, and the finest thinkers 
and ablest instructors of that time spoke from its rostrum. Horace 
Mann was moving from one end of the State to the other, like a flame 
of fire, and broad-minded men who had caught the spirit of the free 
and universal scholarship of Germany were summoning Massachusetts 
to her opportunity. So strong was the public feeling in the matter, 
and such the confidence of the citizens in Mr. Babson's judicious 
leadership, that with an opposition too insignificant to be noticed, the 
old tardy system, long dead but not buried, was laid to its rest, and a 
new world began. If any one wonders how it happened that so many 
of our schools wear names suggestive of our local history, he need be 
reminded only that the gentleman who was largely instrumental in 
effecting the change in our schools is also he who knew better than 
any other citizen the story of the past of Gloucester, and whose labors, 
broken in upon only by the hand of death, have made every student of 
our annals a grateful debtor. 

The spirit which fired the public heart in the days of the subser- 
vient Andros, and the deep patriotic life which bounded with firm 
pulse in the Revolutionary epoch, were again quickened in the sad 
tumult of our Civil War. True to her ancestral blood, Gloucester was 
on the march by land and on the deck at sea. The sombre honors of 
Memorial Day attest the reverent gratitude and pathetic love in which 
are enshrined the deeds of the loyal soldiers of the town, and the 
various monuments are the silent witness of our epic age. Here, as 
elsewhere, sections, parties, denominations, nationalities, — all were sub- 
merged in the dense, hot patriotism of the people. Our very rocks 
grew warm, and the hills smoked with the fire of consecration to the 
country. 

On the morning of Monday, April 15 (i86i), news came of the 
evacuation of Sumter and of Lincoln's call. On the evening of that 
day. Company G was recruited, and the next morning it left for the 
seat of war ; and there followed, in the army and navy, fifteen hundred 
men. It was the people's war, and the people have no prouder or 
dearer memory. 

Our fisheries still are the fount of our commercial prosperity. 
The little boats which lay in the ofifing in 1623 have long since gone 
ashore, but they were the flag-ships of that vast fleet which now sails 
the seas with the home colors at the maintop, and brings to our port 
the riches of the deep. 

In this year of grace our tonnage is thirty-four thousand seven 



132 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

hundred and twenty-two and one half tons, and the cargoes of fish will 
amount to ninety-four million pounds. 

Misfortune has befallen us in Fortune Bay, and diplomacy has 
made sad havoc with our once crowded nets. But insistance on 
what we understand to be our rights, and a resolute determination to 
reinstate ourselves in them, will restore the high line and the ample 
fare. 

The shadow of this picture of enterprise is that cast by the weeds 
of the widow, and the picture itself is marred by the tears of the 
fatherless. It is a bitter price we pay for the food we lay on the tables 
of the nation. The ocean is our mausoleum, and few are the hearts 
here which look upon its floods without a shudder. Who can count 
the pangs of trouble or weigh the deep mysterious secret of sorrow as 
we say that the sixty years of our greatest commercial prosperity have 
been at the cost of the lives of three thousand two hundred and twenty- 
four hardy men? 

In manifold forms our local life has been enriched. Associations 
of research have stimulated the mind and societies of charity have 
refined the heart. Our newspapers have increased in number and in 
intellectual force. By rail and by transport we journey to the capital. 
The ancient well is superseded by the aqueduct, and the electric fires 
light our streets and propel the cars. The old town house still stands 
to remind us of the days when the town meeting was the supreme 
power, but in its place we have a commodious City Hall, while close 
beside it is an ancient and noble residence which, transformed by the 
generous gifts of one who never lost his interest in his old home, and 
who being dead yet speaketh, opens the Public Library to all the 
people. 

The quarry builds the heart of Gloucester in public structures all 
over the land, and the stone cutter and fisherman and farmer and 
mechanic and merchant by their thrift and industry have swelled our 
population to twenty-five thousand and five hundred souls, and out of 
the small hamlet built a city. Wooed and won by the varied and 
enchanted scenery of the forest and of shore, the stranger from afar 
also dwells with us for a brief episode of rest and takes back with him 
to quiet his winter fatigue and discontent a summer dream of this 
ancient and happy town. 

This is the Gloucester of the past. What shall be said in the brief 
moments which remain of the Gloucester of to-morrow? 

We cherish high hopes for the future of our beloved city. We 
owe it to the buried workers of yesterday to build ever more grandly 



f 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 133 

than did they. This is all consecrated ground. Not only is yonder 
burial place sacred, where so many of the known and of the unknown 
toilers now lie in the dust, but these lands and shores, these stony 
streets, these hills ribbed and stuffed with primeval rock, this ample 
harbor with its busy docks, all are sacred, for into them has been poured 
the best life our fathers had to give. Scant in income, they were fertile 
in device and generous in activity, and their work must continue. Not 
as well as they, but better, as comports with our improved appliances, 
our larger population, our increased wealth, our more varied industries, 
must we do, if we would make the centuries to be, more effective than 
those which are forever gone. First of all, it is due the pioneers, that 
this ancient plot of land, where now we are assembled, happily saved 
from the encroachments of architecture, should become the property 
of the public and be dedicated to the memory of the founders of the 
town. Here in the centre, surrounded by stately trees and in the midst 
of picturesque drives and attractive walks, should stand, as symbol of 
the earhest municipal life of our city, a statue, with pedestal of our 
own granite, of that exemplary man and sagacious leader, the Rev. 
Richard Blynman. His right hand should point toward the sea across 
whose waters he came to our lowly shore, while his face should be 
turned in silent thought toward the populous town, whose future lay in 
the wisdom of his creative mind. Thus should we pay a debt long due 
to the twin endeavor out of which our history has come. The park 
would preserve forever the " Fishermen's Field," and the statue would 
mark the abler beginning of that record of two centuries and one half, 
the leaves of whose sacred book we now close with the seal of history. 

The old burial place has been rescued from the thorns and the 
vandals, and the reverend dead will be permitted to sleep in ground 
honored by our faithful care, even as they honored the life of which 
they made so important a part. 

It seems fitting also that tablets of some enduring metal should 
mark the oldest and most historic places of the town. The probable 
location of the earliest meeting house, the Green where stood the 
second and the third churches, the sites occupied by the meeting 
houses of the second and third parishes, the spot where the first school- 
house stood, the Ellery house built and occupied for a time at least by 
the Rev. John White, who was settled in our First Parish in 1703, the 
Rogers mansion in which the minister of the Fourth Parish lived, and 
any and all of our oldest houses should thus be indicated. The land also 
on which " Tompson's frame " stood, if it can be made out, the dwell- 
ing place of Haraden, first settler of Annisquam, and in short every 



134 T^^VO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

locality which possesses historic significance should tell its own story to 
the passer by. 

We should remember, too, this is an age of roads. Massachusetts 
has put into the field — none too soon — a road commission for the 
improvement of the highways. In one of the quaint petitions, which 
the inhabitants of the town, through an honorable committee, pre- 
sented to the General Court in the last century (1760), respecting 
a bridge " over the Annisquam River att or neare ye place called 
Hodgkins Ferry," reference is had to the fact that the neck of land 
on which the town is situated is " verry rockey and mountinous" and 
consequently " the roades for more than five miles too and from ye 
Harbour ye most principall part of ye Town for Trade are very rockey 
and mountinus and incapable of ever being made ToUerably good." 
The hills do not look quite as high to our eye as they did to these 
venerable fathers who in their springless wagons were sadly tossed 
about as they moved to and from the centre of trade. But they would 
still find the roads " rockey," macadamized only as Nature in her rude 
way has done it. The next half century will witness the carrying for- 
ward on a large scale the work of improvement already happily begun. 
It seems surprising that the average New England town should allow itself 
to be surpassed at any point by the methods of the Roman Empire. 
Its local and transcontinental thoroughfares were built on a scientific 
plan and yet remain in Britain to spur the genius of a Telford. Our 
railroads are indeed our national highways, but nothing will ever take 
the place of the dray or the wagon. The summer tourist is everywhere 
and demands pleasant drives. The bicyclist is a civilizer, too. Good 
roads are not only an economy, they are an invitation and a rest. 

A bad thoroughfare is as much behind the times as a " pinkey " or 
a " Chebacco boat " would be at the Grand Bank, or in the Bay of 
Chaleur. 

In the matters of social and intellectual life, in the realms of edu- 
cation and religion, in the world of mechanical industry, in the brave 
enterprises of the sea, Gloucester will take no receding steps. Her 
face is toward improvement and the light. All her stars will burn with 
a brighter glow, and the essential factors in the life of a New England 
town will be nursed by intelligent and progressive men. 

The forms of our national and of our local life may be changing, 
but its vital conditions will remain the same. Our elements are more 
composite than they were, but the foundations of the structure have 
not been altered. 

The streams will move onward, even if the character of the waters 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 35 

be different. The formation of the land determines the trend of the 
current. The great principles of the past will still be operant in giv- 
ing direction to the movement of our social and civic affairs. In the 
ordering of Divine Providence great crises confront us. If they did 
not,^ we should grow limp and cease our vigilance. Emergencies are 
the parents of wisdom. It is the storm which teaches caution to the 
mariner. We have less to fear from impending perils than we have 
from the demagogue who wishes to make political capital out of them. 
The critical periods through which New England has safely passed 
have been more ominous than any which now threaten our domestic 
peace. The people still are the government, and the laws are the 
expression of their will. We must not invoke the aid of disorderly 
elements to quell disorder. 

An able and intelligent and honest judiciary has always been the 
unerring safeguard of New England, and no great evil can long tor- 
ment us, unless our courts forget that they are ordained of God. 
Intelligence is power only as it is the friend of law, the handmaid of 
justice and equity. Suffuse it with moral life, and it will be like the 
angel who safely led Peter through the city; deprive it of ethical 
impulse, and Lucifer is as good a king. The old-fashioned virtues are 
accounted slow only by people who are fast. Wealth will not gather 
without thrift, and character will not come without personal honor. 
The traditions here are auspicious. Of great men we have had only a 
few, but of men eminent in moral worth, slow and solid in judgment, 
fixed in abiding convictions, brave and outspoken but not pretentious, 
rich in public interest and preciously fond of this quaint and homely 
and loyal town we have had and God has kindly given us, a full and 
noble share. Still may he bless us with such, and the Gloucester of 
to-morrow will be as successful as the Gloucester of yesterday. We 
shall take aboard no fear as we embark on the voyage of another 
century. 

After an orchestral selection, " Tender and True," Moses, — Mr. 
Hiram Rich, a native of this city, and the cashier of the Cape Ann 
National Bank, then read the anniversary poem, the title being, 
" Day unto Day." The poem was a beautiful and touching tribute of 
affection and love to his native city and is as follows : — 



136 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

ANNIVERSARY POEM. 

HIRAM RICH. 



DAY UNTO DAY. 

Gloucester (including Rockport), Cape Ann, Massachusetts. 1642 = 1892. 



Let statue, picture, park, and hall. 
Ballad, flag, and festival, 
The past restore, the day adorn. 
And make to-morrow a new morn. 

— Emerson. 

There was an island . . . and sweet single roses, 

— Higginsoii's Jour7iaL 1629. 

When ships were divers leagues distant and had not made land, so 
fragrant and odoriferous was the land to the mariners, that they knew they 
were not far from the shore. — Scottow's Narrative. 



I. 

"We need a town," the Ages said, 

" Beyond the willing sea. 
Wherein to grow in other air 

Our infant, liberty. 

" Though sorrow visit there the child, 
Though care may seek her door, 

Who hears her footfall once will hear 
And love it evermore. 

" A homespun town we need," said they. 

" With honor in the web, 
And men who dare to build and sail. 

Let fortune flow or ebb. 

" Divide your kingdoms where you may. 

Or hold the hills in fee, 
But lay no lien on the deep ! 

For all men own the sea." 




LITERAUY EXEKCISES. 
Mr. Hiram Rich, I'oet. 



i 



iMl^ 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. I 37 

II. 

O mariners, who sail in quest, 

Untroubled there, the main, 
The deep-blue deep is all your own, — 

What more is there to gain? 

What more is there to win, O ship ? 

Ne'er let a chance persuade ! 
Thou 'rt sailing by a haven here 

As fine as God hath made. 

Why sail this harbor by ? Come in ! 

Some reef may be thy woe ; 
For thee the land hath waited long. 

For thee the roses blow. 

The island-roses, captain bold, 

Invite thee and thy crew ; 
Their perfume is as sweet as if 

They drank of England's dew. 

In vain, O valiant Captain Smith, 

Thy labors we invite : 
Now other hands will build the town 

And its proud records write. 

III. 

Old England had grown roses long 

As she had grown her men : 
Ah ! where were sweeter roses? Where 

Was manhood braver? When? 

Old England gave her bravest, best, — 

Who else could rear the New ? 
The land was not a land forlorn 

That grew the men she grew. 

IV. 

See Conant and his comrades build 

On this fair headland green ! 
Undoing all their hands have done, 

Alas ! they leave the scene. 



I3o TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

They leave the wilderness as wild 

As ever wildness were : 
Who now will build the town to stay 

And wear their heart for her? 



V. 

" Sweet single roses," blow your breath 

Beyond the harbor-line ! 
For men are sailing on a quest 

With thoughts of home and kine. 

With thoughts of hearth and kine they come 

And cast their anchor down : 
These are the men with hope in hand 

To build your needed town. 

Lured by a rose's breath, are these 

The men to hew and fell ? 
What armor of the soul have they 

To ward a witch's spell? 

They were the men to plant a town 

On this reluctant soil ; 
The common weal was in their work 

As light is in the oil. 

How soon they see in ev'ry oak 

The promise of a sill ! 
Their hearth-light in the pine they see, — 

These men of sight and will. 

In many a boulder, too, they seek 

The coming door-step stone ; 
How sweet to hew when what is hewn 

Becomes at once one's own ! 



And yet they thought it sweeter far 
To hear some brother's call, 

Then answer it and feel within, — 
One's own is not one's all. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 39 

Saw they not more than hearth and sill. 

They had no sight, alas ! — 
The Lord they saw, as men should see, — 

For men are more than grass. 

And so they builded to the Lord : 

They knew when all is known. 
Or give or keep, or sow or sing. 

One's all is not one's own. 

VL 

O single roses, sweet, that lured 

These sailing men to land, — 
These men with sight and will to see. 

With hope in either hand, — 

We thank thee for the men who threw 

Their idle anchor down, — 
Who felt thee as a breath of home, — 

Whose love begat our town. 

VIL 

O fields of by-gone battle-days. 

Where hold you now her sons ? — 
"'Twas here the maddest charge was made 

That ever silenced guns : 

" The day was deathful here, O God ! 

The turf is sweet and dear : 
Cape Ann, the tide of battle turned, — 

Thy fallen sons lie here." 

O favored field, complete thy tale ! 

Was that day lost or won ? 
" No day was ever lost by him 

Who fell with duty done." 

O famous field, bethink once more ! 

Was the day won or lost ? — 
" The doubtful day is never won 

By those who count the cost ! " 



140 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Hear, hear, old Cape, from fields renowned 
Comes home the proud reply, — 

" Thy sons make sweet the turf they trod. 
And lustrous where they lie." 

VIII. 

Men know thy hidden grief, O Cape, 

Whose losses leave no scar : 
Thy looked-for sons who come no more, — 

By the sea ennobled are. 

IX. 

Ah ! truant sons and daughters, now, 
What shall your province be? — 

A thousand hearts are here as one, — 
Keep you the happy key ! 

For you the lanes are all in bloom 

To lead where once they led ; 
You seek no by-way here alone, — 

To-day there are no dead. 

Float down the golden harbor-tide 

Within the sunset glow ! 
The snowy squadrons cloud the bay, — 

For you their pennons flow. 

Dream over all your dreams ! Beyond 

Their hills of lavender 
Are sails that never nearer come, — 

The ships that ever were, — 

The dream-bound ships that seem to wait 

For something from the hills ; 
The lucky wind, that knows their need, 

To-day their coming wills. 

O, seaport, look ! thy craft are not 

The waiting wealth of dreams. 
For flight is in their supple sails 

And sinew in their beams. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. I41 

X. 

O, city dear, thy hammers find 

A purpose in the stone : 
Thy weal and woe are in the sea, — 

The sea, that mocks thy moan. 

Come woe or weal, thy women mate 

Thy well-rewarded men : 
Now, where is woman dearer? Where 

Was manhood braver? When? 

XL 

O, brothers, sisters, have we built 

As He would have us build? 
Hath heart or hand been loth to turn 

From heart or hand unfilled? 

Our fathers builded in their day 

Not for the day alone ; 
Their common love the common weal, 

Day unto day hath shown. 

xn. 

" O, sons of mine, thy Cape hath been 

For centuries my stay ; 
Go, serve her well and love her well," — 

Let Massachusetts say ! 

Aye, Massachusetts, mother dear, 

We will be all we may ; — 
God keep thee, rare old Commonwealth, 

From border-line to bay ! 

Aug. 24, 1892. 

The chorus then sung, "To Thee, O Country," and the orchestra 
followed with the selection, " La Gioconda," by Ponchiello. Following 
came the original ode, written by Henry C. L. Haskell, Esq., entitled, 
" The Granite Shores of Cape Ann," the music by Osborne W. 
Lane, Esq., both being of Gloucester birth. 



142 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

ORIGINAL ODE. 

" The Granite Shores of Cape Ann." 



BY HENRY C. L. HASKELL. 



We can hear, if we listen, the music they make 

RolUng in, in their power and pride. 
The blue- crested billows that swell and that break 

Where old Glo'ster sits throned by the tide. 
What scene can be fairer, in Summer's warm ray, 

Beneath the clear sky's azure span, 
Than this pleasant picture that greets us to-day — 

The granite-rimmed shores of Cape Ann. 

Upon roof and on spire, on valley and hill. 

The sun of the Summer looks down ; 
Her children have gathered with pulses that thrill 

With love for the sea-bordered town, 
And the faces of those who 've been wanderers long 

Once more the salt sea zephyrs fan ; 
By the breezes and billows with jubilant song 

They are welcomed once more to Cape Ann. 

Oh, dear sea-blown city, thy praises to-day 

With tenderest voices we sing, 
With the wish that the seasons to follow still may 

To thee Peace and Prosperity bring. 
And we pray that as long as her granite shall last 

And the blue sky the headland shall span. 
While her cliffs brave the billows or smile at the blast, 

God's blessing shall rest on Cape Ann. 

The benediction was then given by Rev. Francis Parker of East 
Haddam, Conn., also a son of Gloucester. The program was of artistic 
design bearing on its front cover a fine half-tone view of the city. The 
Committee on Literary Exercises were : Messrs. George H. Procter, 
Chairman ; Daniel O. Marshall, Secretary ; William H. Rider, Benjamin 
H. CorUss, Charles P. Thompson, Allan Rogers, David I. Robinson, 
John J. Flaherty, Nathan H. PhiUips, John C. Pierce, John K. Dustin, 
Jr. The Committee on Music were Messrs. William A. Homans, Jr., 






LlTKUAliV K.\Ei;( USES. 




Henry C. L. Haskell, 




Oshornc \V. Lane 


Odist. 




Music ('(tmiioscr. 


Rev. Francis Parker, 


.lames Davis, 


K'cv. .lames ('. I'arsdiis, 


Benediction. 


oaist. 


Invocation. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 43 

Chairman ; D. Somes Watson, Walter G. Tyzzer, William H. Pomeroy, 
Austin A. Spaulding, Fred. S. Thompson, S. Oliver Saville, Arthur H. 
Wonson, Albert Center, Charles H. M. Hazel, Osborne W. Lane, Willard 
F. Collins, Mrs. Preston Friend, Mrs. George Douglass, Mrs. Freeman 
Putney, Mrs. George H. Newell. The director of the chorus was Prof. 
Austin A. Spaulding. The orchestra was Baldwin's Boston Cadet Band, 
of twenty-five pieces, J. Thomas Baldwin, leader. The ushers were 
twenty-five high school cadets under command of Colonel Harvey 
Mansfield. 

The exercises throughout were listened to with rapt attention by 
the large audience present. They were of a high order of literary merit. 
The oration was a masterpiece of historic research and will prove of 
great value in the years to come, adding much to and supplementing 
the work of Babson and Pringle, Gloucester's local historians. The 
poem was a delightful piece of composition, beautifully sweet and 
simple. It seemed to breathe the very atmosphere of Gloucester and 
her wild roses. Of the chorus work, the stirring odes, and the orches- 
tral music, too much praise cannot be given. Certainly every one had 
reason to be proud of these exercises and of the pace that had been 
thus set for the events which were to follow. 



ATHLETIC EVENTS. 



THE athletic games were held under the auspices of the Gloucester 
Athletic Club, at their grounds on Bridge Street, Wednesday after- 
noon, at 2.30 o'clock, and were a great success in every way. Liberal 
prizes had been offered, and as they were open, a large number of 
prominent athletes from all over the State competed. The meeting 
consisted of ten events, two specials, and an exhibition, all within two 
hours. As a result, the crowd was not tired out and was ready to come 
again. 

The Gloucester Athletic Club had a deserved reputation in this 
regard, one striking reward of which was a splendid crowd of specta- 
tors. The grand stand was packed. Over three thousand men and 
women were kept on the qui vive throughout, the fairer sex outdoing 
the men in vociferous enthusiasm. The weather was perfect, and the 
track, under recent rolling and caretaking, was smooth and hard, 
though hardly elastic enough for the best results. 

The sport was fast and exciting, nevertheless, and a worthy con- 



144 ^^^ HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

tribution to the general round of festivities in which the old town was 
giddily whirling. 

The team race was the opening and one of the -best features of 
the day. Only the Worcester and Suffolk teams appeared, both some- 
what reconstructed. Fuller, of Worcester, was under the weather, and 
McLaughlin, one of their long-distance men, took his place. Elmer 
White was the eleventh hour candidate of the Suffolk Club. 

Wright and Donahue began the mile, and the little Worcester 
man rapidly pulled away from Wright on the first lap. On the second 
round, Wright was able to hold him, and at the end of the quarter was 
within five yards of the leader, when White and Allison took up the 
running. This was a most timely meeting of two old rivals, and the 
crowd stood up to cheer on the pair of milers. White caught Allison 
handily, but in the last hundred yards of the quarter lost four yards. 
Drumm and McLaughlin took the third quarter of the mile, and the 
Suffolk man was far too good for Mac. The race was a nervy one, but 
Drumm led at the change of flags by half a yard. 

The final quarter brought out the cracks of the two teams, Mowry 
and Rowe. The former is not counted a formidable quarter-miler, but 
showed a gilt-edged grade of the game. Rowe held his half yard for 
one lap, but Mowry got in his sprinter practice on the concluding 
round, making the Suffolk man hustle. The finish was one of the 
closest contests of the year, Mowry leading by half a yard, and Rowe 
hanging on like a bulldog. The length of the run told on Mowry, who 
faltered in the last ten yards. Rowe made a magnificent spurt, but 
missed by a foot. The mile was done in three minutes thirty-eight 
and two fifths seconds, an average for each quarter of fifty-four and 
one half seconds. 

The mile run was another clinking race. A field of twelve started, 
led by Morrill of the Suffolks at the limit, and with White at scratch. 
The first three of the eight laps went by wnthout incident, the boys 
waiting for second wind. On the fourth lap, " Sigourney " Hodgkins 
made a fine spurt, rapidly pulling down his leaders and heading the 
procession at the beginning of the second half. 

Clark and Pettee of the Dorchesters, Kelly, Revere Boat Club, and 
M. V. Daily, closed up on him at the beginning of the sixth lap, and 
from that out the race was practically a scratch event between the 
quintet. White dropped out, having used up his ankle in the team 
race. Clark showed a wonderful improvement in form, going around 
the field on one of the stretches in the seventh lap, like a ghost, taking 
the lead. It was a toss-up for a lap between the runners, but the spurt 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 145 

had pumped out " Sigourney," and he gave up the battle. Daily made 
a strong bid for a slice of the race, momentarily leading, but Clark was 
not to be denied in that way. Kelly and Pettee were hardly less enter- 
prising, keeping within a yard of the unconquerable Clark throughout 
the final struggle. 

At the last turn all four, for Wiggin had joined the party, made a 
final jump to get by the leader, but were not quite good enough. 
Clark won, with ten good yards to spare. Pettee was second, and 
Kelly had third in hand, but carelessly let up, allowing Wiggin to 
steal in. 

The two-mile walk elicited the most enthusiasm of any event, 
through the fact of the scratch man being Marston, the local and the 
New England champion. The first mile was a weeding-out race, 
relieved by but few spurts, and giving no hint of the ultimate result. 
Shannon, one of the newcomers in the walks, aroused a storm of good- 
natured raillery by his stiff-jointed, automatic kind of gait. He dropped 
out after six laps, followed by Wass, of Worcester, on the seventh, and 
Pettis on the tenth. The latter's withdrawal left only Beaudette, Doyle, 
and Marston. 

Then the race began to be exciting. Beaudette had caught Pettis 
on the ninth lap after a close walk for two laps that carried the latter off 
his feet. Doyle, who seems to have lost some of his stride, trudged 
along fifty yards behind the Worcester man, having gained but little 
since the start. Marston was going like a house afire. " Would he 
catch Beaudette?" was the universal query. The crowd cheered their 
favorite, encouraging him along with local catchwords and pathetic 
appeals to beat him. 

Doyle had to give up finally, sinking contentedly into third place, 
and Marston began a stern chase for the little Worcester man. The 
latter was now going like a piece of machinery, with not a flaw in his 
gait. Marston slowly wore down his lead, and at the beginning of the 
last lap was within twenty yards of Beaudette. Both let on a full head 
of steam, the crowd yelling meanwhile at Marston to get an old-time 
move on. He did nobly, but lacked three yards of beating Beaudette 
as the latter breasted the tape. The Gloucester man had done his two 
miles in fifteen minutes twenty-three seconds. 

The final heat in the quarter mile was a scorching contest between 
Rowe and Moakley. Their relative merits are a friendly bone of con- 
tention between the Suffolk and the Dorchester clubs, to which they 
respectively belong. Beside them. Lord, B. A. A., O'Hare and Archi- 
bald, T. A. C, and Maguire, had survived the preliminaries. Rowe 



146 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

and Moakley pulled them all down from scratch, the latter having four 
yards on Rowe. The last one hundred yards was where the pinch 
came. Rowe had caught Moakley, and the latter made a gritty try for 
the race, but Rowe seemed to be nerved for anybody even after his 
scrap with Mowry in the team race, and went away from as good a man 
as Moakley as if the latter was tied. Rowe won in a dog trot, the Dor- 
chester man giving up twenty yards from the worsted. 

The time in the one hundred-yard dash was fast all through, with 
one exception, when Hurd had a practical walkover. Mowry of 
Worcester, who was picked as a likely winner, had used up his ankle 
on one of the turns in the team race, but he pushed out the event 
winner in ten and one half seconds. There were three ten and two 
fifth seconds heats, which would have been faster with a better finish, 
the runners having to bump against a stiff board fence at the worsted. 
Drumm won the final easily in ten and one quarter seconds from the 
six-yard mark. 

Phil Stingel won the hurdle race under somewhat trying circum- 
stances. The event came off while the high jump was in progress, 
and he was kept busy running out his heats in the hurdles and keeping 
up his end from the scratch in the jump. He had a little to spare in 
the hurdle race, but could not land the jump prize, a sleeper turning 
up in Pearson of Lowell. 

Two special events provoked a burst of laughter, and proved to be 
good races after all. One, a quarter-mile walking race between C. 
Haley and William P. Clark, two Gloucester boys of twelve, was a race 
for blood. Both showed traces of Marston's training. Haley had the 
pole, and led till within fifty yards of home, when he succumbed to the 
mighty Clark, who won by five yards. The winner, who is small even 
for a twelve-year old, gravely shook hands with every one he knew. He 
got a big medal. 

The other special was a one hundred-yard race between F. S. 
Orchard of the Gloucester Athletic Club and E. J. Thomas of the Suf- 
folks. Both are heavy-weights of the heaviest kind, and this line of 
sport is an entirely new venture, and the contest is the result of a 
casual jest. Orchard is the heaviest, and once he got going his 
momentum was enough to land him a winner by a foot in thirteen 
seconds. 

An exhibition tug-of-war contest between the Gloucester and 
Dorchester teams was won by the former. 

The field events were begun early and closed quickly, but were 
without especial incident. 



OF THE rOIV.V OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 47 

SUMMARIES. 

One hundred yards dash — Trial winners, T. Eaton, W H. S. A. A. 
(four yards), ten and two fifths seconds; J. C. Freeman, W. A. C. (four 
yards), ten and two fifths seconds; J. T. Drumm, S. A. C. (six yards), 
ten and one half seconds; G. W. Wright, S. A. C. (four and one half yards), 
ten and three quarters seconds ; B. Hurd, Jr., B. A. A. (three and one half 
yards), eleven and one quarter seconds ; R. H. Callahan, G. A. C. (five 
yards), ten and two fifths seconds. Semi-finals, won by J. T. Drumm, S. A. 
C. (six yards), ten and one half seconds ; B. Hurd, Jr., B. A. A. (three 
and one half yards), ten and two fifths seconds; Freeman and Wright, 
second men. Final, won by J. T. Drumm; J. C. Freeman, second ; G. W. 
Wright, third. Time, ten and one quarter seconds. 

Two hundred and twenty yards hurdle race (hurdles two feet six inches 
high) — Winners in trials, P. C. Stingel, Mel. A. C. (five yards), thirty 
and one half seconds ; G. A. Harvey, S. A. C. (seven yards), thirty and 
three fifths seconds; J. Connor, D. A C. (four yards), and T. Eaton, W. 
H. S. A. A. (three yards), second man. Final, won by Stingel ; J. Connor, 
second ; Harvey, third. Time, twenty-nine and one quarter seconds. 

Team race — Won by Worcester A. C. (J.J. Donahue, W. Allison, 
James McLaughlin, V. Mowry) ; Suffolk A. C, second (G. W. Wright, 
E. L. White, James T. Drumm, Frank Rowe). Time, three minutes 
thirty-eight and two fifths seconds. 

One mile run —Won by W. F. Clark, D. A. C. (forty yards) ; E. F, 
Pettee, D. A. C. (twenty yards), second ; E. E. Wiggin, R. B. C. (thirty- 
five yards), third. Time, four minutes forty and two fifths seconds. 

Two mile walk — Won by W. A. Beaudette, W. A. C. (twenty sec- 
onds) ; W. F. Marston, G. A. C. (scratch), second; M.J. Doyle, S. A. C. 
(fifteen seconds), third. Time, sixteen minutes fifteen and three quarters 
seconds. 

Four hundred and forty yard run — Winners in trials, F. Rowe, S. A. 
C. (scratch), fifty-seven seconds; T. F. Moakley, D, A. C. (four yards), 
fifty-six and one quarter seconds; F. W. Lord, B. A. A. (eight yards) ; H. 
O'Hare, T. A, C. (twenty-two yards); W. Archibald, T. A. C. (twenty-two 
yards) ; P. H. Maguire (ten yards). Second and third men allowed in the 
final. Final, won by Rowe ; Moakley, second ; Archibald, third. Time, 
fifty-six seconds. 

Running high jump — Won by G. W. Pearson, L. C. A. A, (four 
inches), five feet eight inches, including handicap; L F. Keefe, W. H. S. 
A. A. (three inches), second, five feet seven and three quarter inches. 

Throwing sixteen-pound hammer — Won by C. H. Hart, G. A. C. 
(twenty feet), one hundred and ten feet nine and one half inches, including 
handicap; F. S. Orchard, G. A. C. (scratch), second, one hundred and one 
feet; J. Connor, D. A. C. (fifteen feet), third, one hundred feet seven and 
one half inches. 

Putting the sixteen-pound shot — Won by E. J. Thomas, S. A. C_ 



148 



TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



(three feet six inches), thirty-seven feet two inches, including handicap; 
L. A. Carpenter, S. A. C. (three feet six inches), thirty-seven feet one 
inch; M. Roche, Colonel, A. A. (two feet), thirty-six feet six inches. 

Pole vault — Won by N. Doucette, G. A. C. (two inches), seven feet 
six inches, actual; L. A. Carpenter, W. H. S. A. A., second. 

The following table shows the points won, five for first, three for 
second, and one for third : — 



Clubs. 



Suffolk 

Gloucester .... 
Dorchester .... 
Worcester .... 
Worcester High School 

Melrose 

Lowell Catholic ... , 
Trimount .... 
Riverside . . . . , 



Firsts. 


Seconds. 


Thirds. 


3 


2 


3 


3 


2 


\ 


I 


4 


o 


2 


I 


o 





2 


o 


I 


O 


o 


O 


o 


I 


o 


o 


I 


- G 


o 


I 



Total. 



17 
13 

6 
5 

I 
I 



Mr. Eugene Buckley of the Boston Athletic Club was referee and 
Mr. John J. Flaherty of the Gloucester Club was clerk. 

The committee on sports, to whom, as well as to the Gloucester 
Club, a great deal of praise and credit is due, were Wilmot A. Reed, 
Chairman, Fred. A. Pearce, Patrick J. Foley, Nathaniel Maddix, Jr., 
Conrad Hanson, Charles E. Lane, Frank H. Shute, Charles A. Jacobs, 
Almon B. Cook, Addison P. Burnham, Walter F. Osborne, Edward G. 
Hotchkiss, Benjamin F. EUery, Edward S. Griffin, Andrew Leighton, 
James W. Thomas, Finley A. Dockety, Archie J. Moore, Clarence E. 
Wright, George E. McDonald, Alfred Thurston, Gardner W. Tarr, 
George H. Newell, Edward S. Currier, Arthur L. Millett, William G, 
Procter, Winslow W. McMillan. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 49 

ANNIVERSARY BANQUET. 



AFTER the literary exercises in the large tent at Stage Fort, and 
as a fitting close to the first day's observance, came the ban- 
quet at the City Hall, Dale Avenue. A large number of the citizens had 
gathered early at the hall to give cordial greeting to the distinguished 
guests who had come to do Gloucester honor on her festal days. Pre- 
vious to the banquet a brief reception was held in the Mayor's ofiice. 
The hall had been magnificently decorated for the occasion. Around 
the long tables with their snowy linen, fine china, cut glass, and beau- 
tiful bouquets of choice flowers, gathered some three hundred people, 
both gentlemen and ladies, including prominent citizens and honored 
guests. In the balcony were large numbers of others who could not be 
accommodated below. Promptly at 7.30 o'clock Hon. William W. 
French, chairman of the Banquet Committee, called the company to 
order, and the divine blessing was asked by Rev. Jeremiah J. Healey, 
the venerable and much beloved pastor of St. Anne's Catholic Church, 
as follows : — 

" May the blessing of God descend upon you all and remain with you 
forever, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost." 
Amen. 

After the dinner had been served. Rev. William H. Rider was 
introduced as toastmaster. Mr. Rider was particularly happy in the 
introduction of the speakers, men prominent in State and nation, and 
who paid eloquent tribute to Gloucester and her history. 

The First Toast was : — 

" This day's inheritance charges us that after what we owe to God, 
nothing should be more sacred than the love we owe our country : 
loyal to this ancestral command, Gloucester has ever honored The 
President of the United States of America." 

Responded to by First Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Hon. 
James R. Soley, of Washington, D. C. 

ADDRESS OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE NAVY, 
JAMES R. SOLEY. 

Mr. President and Fellow Citizens : To my mind there is no secular 
ceremony more solemn, or one to be performed with greater reverence than 
this in which we have just united, in honor of the Chief Executive of this 
country. It is the outward sign and symbol of the deep respect we feel for 



150 71VO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

that august office, and I may well say here, and I believe all will agree with 
me, for the high character and lofty purpose of the statesman who now fills it. 
But its meaning goes further than this. It is the united expression of all 
those who are gathered here to-night as the guests of this old and famous 
municipality, of their common allegiance to a common country. It is the 
expression of that noble sentiment of patriotism, the solemn recognition of 
our union in a common nationality ; and each man of us here to-night, with a 
full heart and swelling breast, responds to it in these words, felt if not spoken : 
" Thank God, I am an American citizen." 

Of course, the purpose and meaning of this celebration are to give utter- 
ance to that sentiment of local attachment which in every man clings about 
the place he knows as home. It is, as it were, a great family reunion. For 
us, sons of Massachusetts, who, though reared in other parts of the State, have 
been invited to partake of this feast, it is a pleasure and a privilege to join 
with you, citizens of Gloucester, in thus happily celebrating the anniversary 
of the founding of the town. To us as well as to you, Gloucester is always a 
source of especial delight and pride. It is dear to us as one of the most 
ancient and representative cities of our dear old Commonwealth. It is dear 
to us as the home of all those generations of mariners who made the fishing 
fleets and the merchant fleets of New England famous throughout the world. 
And it is still more dear to us from having given to the service of the nation, 
in ships of war and privations, so many of those bold and rugged men who 
fought our battles and won our victories in the Revolution and the War of 18 12. 

In some sense I, myself, may claim to share in your home feeling. To 
me, personally, Gloucester has many dear associations, from pleasant summer 
days passed here in years long since gone by, when in my small excursions 
in these waters, it was my boyish pride to think myself, for the time at least, 
a Gloucester fisherman. To my mind, then, filled with the stories of those 
perilous voyages to the Banks, of hardships bravely endured, and dangers of 
storm and sea bravely met and overcome, the Gloucester fisherman was one 
of the noblest of God's creatures. And I am free to say, with all that I have 
learned since of men and their doings, I am of the same opinion still. The 
recollections of those early days, vivid in all their first freshness, outlast the 
fainter impressions of later life, and to this day there is no picture of the past 
that rises to my mind with greater brightness and beauty than that of this 
fair bay on a summer morning, the early mists lifting and parting under the 
rays of the new-risen sun, showing the clear-cut coast from Eastern Point 
around to Magnolia, and the long line of stately schooners, their great white 
sails emerging from the Wreaths of fog, making their way, like a squadron in 
sailing order, to the sparkling sea beyond. 

But it is not of personal association that I would speak to you to-night. 
Nor do I purpose, though it might seem fitting in responding to this toast, to 
dwell upon the successes of the present federal administration. Its record 
speaks for itself. But I may be pardoned in making one brief reference to 
that department of the government with which I have the honor to be con- 
nected. No branch of the public service is held in greater pride and honor 



,^.V-''-^-^-A^,^ 



,. — ., 




.Mr. .loliii Corliss, 
••111.' Mill n.wii." 



Hon. lli'iirv CalH.i l.uilj;.. 
" Essex ('<iiinl\ ." 



JiA.Ni^I KT SI'i:.\KKi:S. 

Adiiiiial l!an»r()tt (ilioranli, 

"The Xavv.' 

Hr»ii. lieiijainiii !•■. I'liitler, 

•The Army. • 

Mini. William Cogswell. 

" • tnr Law .MaUers." 



Moll. James K. Soley, 
•• The rresiilent." 



Hon. W illiam K. IJii.sse.ll, 
•• .Massachusetts." 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



I^I 



by every true American, and especially, I take leave to say, in tlm community 
of seafaring men. For its officers and men, you know what they have been 
in the past, for you have sent your own contingent to their ranks, and never 
was there a contingent more valued than yours. As to the present, they are 
with you now, and you can see them for yourselves, and I hope you will hear 
from some of them who are present here to-night. But I will say just this, 
and in saying it, I am sure that their commander-in-chief, if he were present, 
would say the same, — that no state in the Old World which showers upon its 
public servants rewards and titles and decorations can boast of a body of 
naval officers more zealous, more loyal, more earnest in their devotion to duty, 
or abler in its performance, than those of this American republic ; and it may 
be said with truth, and no higher praise can be given them, that they are the 
true and worthy successors of Hull and Decatur and Bainbridge, Lawrence 
and Porter, Perry and McDonough, — all that constellation of heroes who 
created for this country the glorious naval traditions of 1 812. 

And here let me make an announcement which I think will be of special 
interest to you. More than a year ago, the Legislature of Massachusetts 
asked the Navy Department for the assignment, under the act of Congress 
providing therefor, of a vessel of the navy for a nautical training school. It 
is the earnest desire of the Navy Department that the name and fame which 
this New England coast has always borne as a nursery of good seamen may 
continue to stand in the future as it has stood in the past. Up to this time 
no vessel has been available ; but I now take pleasure in saying — and I trust 
the Governor will pardon this extra-official announcement — that the depart- 
ment has assigned the United States Steamer " Enterprise " as a nautical train- 
ing school for this Commonwealth, and that she will be turned over to the 
State immediately for this purpose. 

But it is not in the fostering of good seamen alone that the Federal 
administration, and especially the Navy Department, aids the merchant marine. 
The depression of the shipping industry, particularly in the foreign trade, is 
well known to you. In 1830, ninety per cent of our exports and imports were 
carried in American vessels, while in 1890 they carried about thirteen per 
cent. The foreign carrying trade of the United States has been reduced 
almost to annihilation. What is the cause of this depression ? It is commonly 
supposed to have been due to the Civil War, and this is largely true ; but the 
war hastened an already downward movement. In i860 our proportion of 
the carrying trade had decreased from ninety to sixty-six per cent, and the 
war, by the loss or transfer of nine hundred thousand tons of shipping, put 
the finishing stroke to what had been already begun. 

Apart from the effect of the war, it was the iron steamer that killed the 
foreign trade of American shipping. During ten years before the war, it was 
rapidly displacing the sailing clipper, but our people refused to believe it, and 
kept on building their old model. We had at that time neither the skill nor 
the materials to build the vessels required, even if our shipowners had had 
the disposition to buy them. There are those who believe that free ships 
would have been a remedy for these evils. I am not one of them. I believe 



152 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

that American ships should be built in American shipyards ; and I do not see 
that this result can be attained by legislation that would only have the effect 
of increasing the already swollen profits of the shipbuilders of Great Britain. 
Talk of free trade and protection in British shipbuilding ! Why, my friends,. 
I do not speak of subsidies, which started and maintained the Cunard Line, 
through all its early years, and thus made the transatlantic business an English 
industry ; but I refer you rather to the protection to British shipbuilders given 
Dy the British government during our Civil War, and I say that the Geneva 
award of $15,000,000 was a cheap price to pay for accomplishing the death 
stroke of American shipping ! 

To my mind, our true policy is so to foster and develop our own ship- 
building trade that we may be able to build American ships from our own 
resources. And this is what the work of the Navy Department has in large 
measure achieved. It has built or is building one hundred and eighty thou- 
sand tons of the finest steel steamers in the world ; it has developed the skill 
and resources not only of our builders, but of our foundries and rolling-mills 
and steel manufacturers ; it has given new life to every industry employed in 
steel shipbuilding, and it has raised up and given steady occupation to fifty 
thousand skilled American mechanics. And I have it, on the authority of 
Mr. Charles Cramp, than whom no one knows better whereof he speaks, that 
American shipbuilders to-day, and his own firm among the number, can build 
in America the equals of the best ocean greyhounds, the " Teutonic " or the 
"Majestic," the " Etruria" or the "Umbria," or any of them, and secure the 
same result at no greater cost than was paid for these vessels in England, 
and that, too, with no diminution in the rate of wages of the mechanics who 
build them. And, on the strength of these facts, Mr. Clement Griscom, 
President of the International Company, and the foremost man in American 
shipping to-day, has engaged to have built in America, in a short time, the 
equals of the " City of Paris " and the " City of New York," and both he and 
the builders believe — and I have no doubt they are right — that the new 
ships will surpass their English rivals. In the light of these developments, 
we may well say that commerce and the navy go hand-in-hand, and that each 
is the hand-maid of the other. 

Second Toast : — 

" Only as we individually realize that this grand old Bay State is 
our Commonwealth, we rich or poor with her, our imperial mother, can 
we devoutly say, ' God save the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.' 

" Of all her royal governors, none have been more democratic or 
quicker to save our Commonwealth than his Excellency William E. 
Russell." 

GOVERNOR RUSSELL'S SPEECH. 

Mr. Toastmaster, Ladies and Gentlemen : I esteem it a great privilege 
which permits me to accept, on behalf of the dear old Commonwealth, the 
cordial greeting which Gloucester in this, her hour of rejoicing, extends to 



OF THE rOlVN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 53 

her, and in her name to answer it by extending the heartiest congratulations 
to the City of Gloucester for its long and useful and honorable life, and her 
best wishes that the future may have in store for it only prosperity and hap- 
piness. It is a great personal pleasure, as well as an official privilege, for me 
to take part in this celebration, for, while I can claim neither kinship nor 
citizenship with you, yet I can claim that for many years I have enjoyed with 
you these beautiful attractions which nature with lavish hand has spread here 
in our midst, and that with you I have gained strength and health from the 
vigorous breeze which old ocean brings to your storm and rock bound coast, 
or the gentle winds which come wafted from the fragrant forests along your 
shores. 

I know something of the success and the strength of life of these people ; 
something of the skill and the industry and the perseverance with which they 
have followed those pursuits which have made Gloucester so prominent and 
famous throughout our country and the world. I know the dangers that 
beset the lives of those who go down to the sea in ships, and know the dis- 
asters, alas ! that come too often, bringing sorrow to many a home and 
poverty to many a fireside ; but, as I know that this community rejoices when 
success comes to any of its people, so, too, I know that this community, when 
the shadow of sorrow has passed a neighbor's door, has ever been ready to 
extend a helping hand to bring aid and comfort to the widow and the orphan. 
With my love for old Gloucester I mingle my highest respect for the sturdy 
character of her people, whose loyalty and industry and energy have made 
her famous here in our Commonwealth, and have made her known through 
the world as the leading fishing port of the world. 

It seems to me a most fitting thing that Gloucester should celebrate her 
organization into a town government I believe that it is not only a just 
tribute to the ancestors who, with labor and hardships, founded this city, a 
just tribute that we, their descendants, pay to them, but I believe also by 
recalling those early days and the work and the sacrifice of those days, there 
are taught to us useful lessons which make us filled more with public spirit 
and able better to undertake the duties which beset us. I think Gloucester 
has wisely chosen this year for her celebration. I believe that had she been 
ambitious, as some of her sister towns have been, to commemorate as early a 
date as possible of the settlement here, she might have gone back some 
twenty years earlier and commemorated the two hundred and fiftieth anniver- 
sary of the first settlement in the town. But, after all, that was but a fieeting 
settlement, and it seems to me far better that she should commemorate, not 
the fleeting settlement, nor even the first voyage that was made from here to 
a foreign port, back, I believe, in 1623, but she should commemorate the more 
formal organization of an established community into a civil government, and 
organized to govern themselves. I am glad, personally, that she has chosen 
this year for her celebration. Had she commemorated it some twenty years 
ago, I scarcely could have brought official greeting to you, or even had she 
commemorated it by any chance next year, if the dire prophecies that I hear 
ringing about my ears are sure, I doubt if I could have brought ofliciaj 
greeting to you. 



154 '^^^O HUiVDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

But there are many reasons why 1892 should be a famous year in the 
history of this city. It marks not only the two hundred and fiftieth organiza- 
tion of this place as a town, but it commemorates the two hundred and fiftieth 
and the two hundredth and the one hundred and fiftieth and the one hundredth 
anniversaries of other important events which mark and distinguish the life of 
its people. It was two hundred and fifty years ago that in Massachusetts 
Colony there were built five ships, a most extraordinary undertaking in 
those early days, and one which gave promise of the growth and development 
of that great industry which has since given prominence to Massachusetts, 
and especially prominence to the town and city of Gloucester. It was just 
two hundred years ago that the people of Gloucester uttered their indignant 
protest against taxation thrust upon them by a Royal Governor and Council, 
and, under the lead of their Selectmen, were ready to subject themselves to 
litigation and persecution rather than yield any of their rights under such 
dictation. I think it was within a year or two of two hundred years ago that 
this happened. Certainly it was just two hundred years ago that the people 
of this community and of the whole Commonwealth got relieved from that 
oppression by the change of the royal government. This is important, because 
it marks the early development of that spirit of independence, of that hatred 
of oppression, of that resistance to unjust taxation which less than one hun- 
dred years later was to marshal the conscience of the people of this country 
to assert their independence, to establish their liberties, and upon a basis of 
free institutions to build up a government the greatest and the happiest known 
to the civilized world. 

So, too, we might recall, if we wished, that this year is the two hundredth 
anniversary of that strange, but, I am happy to say, fleeting, superstition 
which ran along this coast, but luckily found little foothold among the sturdy 
people of Gloucester. But it seems to me, rather than recall a transitory 
delusion of a people, it is far better to recall and commemorate the devout 
spirit of piety, the deep religious conviction that then and ever since has run 
through the people of tliis Commonwealth. And this year recalls that great 
religious revival which, one hundred and fifty years ago exactly, swept 
throughout the Commonwealth, and in which Gloucester took a conspicuous 
and honorable part. And so, coming down to more modern times, you, Mr. 
Toastmaster, have well recalled an important anniversary in the history of 
this town. One hundred years ago there came an independent religious 
movement, the foundation of a religious denomination which has since grown 
strong and powerful throughout the country I believe that movement sprang 
from the same spirit, the same independence of thought and of action ; I be- 
lieve it sprang from the same devotion to freedom of conscience, to the 
equality of all before the altar of their God. That was the motive and the 
purpose which gave rise to that movement and which has constantly dis- 
tinguished in religious and other agitations the people of our Commonwealth. 
That was the same purpose and spirit which brought our ancestors hither 
across the sea, coming to a wilderness, willing to put up with the hardships of 
such a life, rather than the ease and comfort at home, that they might be free 
to worship their God, each according to the dictates of his conscience. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. I 55 

I know that in the early days, with their devotion to their reHgion, with 
their jealous fear of the dangers that beset it, they hedged it about with laws 
and limitations and restraints, which gradually have been relaxed in order 
that there might be within this Commonwealth perfect freedom in religious 
matters, — there might be everywhere a spirit of toleration for religious belief. 
I believe that Massachusetts has grown greater and stronger as, while clinging 
to the sturdiness, to the courage and devotion of her Puritan founders, she 
has become emancipated from early restraints and finds no place in her great 
heart for any spirit of intolerance. I recall these things, Mr. Toastmaster, 
not because they are all of them the most important in the history of this 
town ; they are by no means ; but because they are all typical of the life and 
the character of this community. Were I the historian of the town, of 
course, I should n't pass over the loyalty and patriotism which the people of 
Gloucester have ever shown. There never has been a war in which the 
interests of the colony or the Commonwealth or our country were at stake 
that citizens of Gloucester have not been found on the battlefields in defence 
of their government and their country. And all these things which are 
typical of the life of the town of Gloucester are just as typical of the life of 
our Commonwealth. It is impossible to run over the history of any of our 
early settlements, and trace it down without finding in the history of that 
settlement a perfect history of our Commonwealth. You find in her life the 
same industry and perseverance, the same courage and sturdiness, the same 
loyalty and patriotism, on whicli the founders built the town of Gloucester, 
and out of which has come your prosperity and your happiness. 

I love, sir, in speaking for the old Commonwealth, to go back to the days 
of her beginning, I love to speak of the founders who, with a deep spirit 
of religious conviction, came here in prayer and faith to build up a great 
country and a great commonwealth. I love to speak of the far-sighted- 
ness of the early founders of this State. There seems to have been given 
them by a Divine Providence the privilege of looking down vistas of time 
and seeing the full fruition of their work. They seemed to know that they 
were nation' building and church building, founding institutions which were 
to last as long as men should fear God and love liberty ; and so, out of 
their poverty and sacrifices, they gave to us our schools and our colleges ; 
they planted the meeting house beside the school-house and the town hall, 
that through religion and education and self-government the rights and the 
liberties of the people might be preserved and handed down to their posterity. 
I think that those of us who have something to do with legislation or with 
administration in this Commonwealth are too apt to look upon the mother State 
as a governing power rather than as a guiding influence. We who are respon- 
sible for the many, yes, altogether too many, laws which each year she sends out 
among her people, think of her as a power that comes into our lives, binding 
us about with its restraints, interfering with personal liberty, contrcSlling 
property, and yet how small a part of the old Commonwealth is seen from 
such a view ; it is not as a hard taskmaster, but as a mother State that I love 
to think of old Massachusetts ; not of her strong right arm so much as her 



156 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

loyal, loving heart that watches over the interests of all her children. She has 
a strong right arm. She does demand obedience from her people to her laws. 
She always has and always will insist upon the supremacy of law within her 
limits and domain, that peace shall be preserved within her borders. 

And yet that is not the most powerful influence which she exerts as a 
Commonwealth. See how with loving interest, by wise and progressive labor 
and other legislation, she has brought to benefit the masses of her people, 
sought to relieve the toil of labor. See how she has given to us our glorious 
public school system and all those great institutions upon which rest the lib- 
erty and the education of our people. See how, with lavish hand, she has 
scattered throughout her limits her hospitals, her asylums, and the blessed 
charities that soothe and heal and bless. See how old Massachusetts, even 
from the earliest times down to the present time, has stood in the front of 
every great agitation for human rights and for liberty, ever leading, and ever 
leading successfully ; and when you get that view of Massachusetts you see 
her as a mother State with a heart, and a mother State to whom we cling 
with love and loyalty. It is from her to-night I bring to you congratulations. 

May I, in closing, Mr. Toastmaster, make one suggestion. Most worthily 
and fitly Gloucester celebrates her life of two hundred and fifty years. I 
doubt not that in this celebration and through it there comes a great revival 
of public spirit and patriotism, and a renewal with the home ties — of the 
ties that bind you all so closely to this old city, and make you anxious that 
her future may go on, great and prosperous. Why is not it an opportune 
time, not by a fleeting memorial to commemorate the public spirit of the 
ancestors and founders who have gone, but by some lasting memorial to tell the 
generations that are yet to come that in 1892, while you commemorated 
the deeds of their ancestors, you did some great work for the benefit of the 
generations unborn ? Why should not there be a public park or memorial 
building? Why should not there come out of this revival of public spirit, 
why should not there, by the action of the town, aided by her patriotic citi- 
zens, come some lasting memorial to commemorate this great event ? 

And so I close, Mr. Toastmaster, as I began. I thank you for the cor- 
dial greeting which you, through me, have extended to the old Common- 
wealth. I bring you, I know, her heartiest congratulations and her warmest 
wishes for your success. I join with you in pledging again our love and our 
loyalty to her, and following the words you- have uttered, and praying that 
God may save the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 

Third Toast : — 

" No democratic government can long continue without the obe- 
dience of every individual unto the laws, and the respect of every 
individual to the representative law makers." 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. I 57 

GEN. WILLIAM COGSWELL. 

Mr. 7 oastinaster and Citizens of Gloucester: It is said the reason wliy 
lightning never strikes but once in the same place is because when the 
lightning comes around the second time it cannot find any place to strike. 

So after his Excellency's most admirable and fitting speech and these 
other speeches, all so good, there seems to be no place for any other. And 
as I listened to the Governor's eloquent and just tributes to this historic town, 
I wondered what he could say to Woburn, in October, when she celebrates 
her two hundred and fiftieth anniversary. 

Mr. President, it gives me pleasure to join you to-day in this celebra- 
tion. To celebrate the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of any New 
England town is an occasion of great significance. And the occasion becomes 
of especial interest when it is a celebration of the founding of one of the most 
important and historic towns of our own native County of Essex, so well said 
to be " the most historic county in America." And still more so when that 
locality is Cape Ann, where was the actual beginning of the Massachusetts 
Bay Colony in 1624. And in this connection I ask leave to read from a high 
authority the following extract from a letter : — 

"In 1624, there were in Massachusetts Bay small settlements at Wey- 
mouth, Braintree, and one or more families at Boston and Charlestown. But 
the actual beginning of the colony was at Cape Ann in the spring of 1624, by 
the agents of a company of merchants of Dorchester, England, who started 
the experiment of a plantation in connection with fishing and farming and who 
selected this as a suitable place. After the first year the company appointed 
Roger Conant as 'their governor,' to take charge of fishing and farming. 
A settlement was made by more than fifty men, some with their families. 

" In the autumn of 1626, the fishery having proved a failure, it was given 
up and the vessels sold, and such of the planters as desired to, returned 
to England. But Conant, with the rest, remained to take charge of the 
cattle and other property on the plantation. He conceived the idea of 
maintaining a plantation independent of fishing, and as Cape Ann proved to 
be unsuitable for a plantation, in the early autumn of 1626, he, with his com- 
pany, moved to Salem (Naumkeag) as a suitable place for a plantation. Rev. 
Mr. White, of Dorchester, the father of the whole movement, kept up a cor- 
respondence with Conant, urged him to remain, and promised to get for him 
a patent, and would send what he needed in men and provisions and where- 
withal to trade with the Indians. He interested others in the work, who con- 
tributed and sent over additional cattle for their support and encouragement. 

"In the meantime an interest was excited in the project, a patent 
obtained, and additional men sent over under Endicott as Governor. 

" This was hardly good faith witli Conant, and his company were indig- 
nant at his being superseded, after all his efforts ; but they were reconciled 
through the prudent efforts of Conant. 

"From this came the great emigration under Winthrop in 1630, which 
insured the permanency of the colony. 



158 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

'' It is plain that Cape Ann is entitled to the honor of inaugurating this 
great movement, and that neither it nor Conant has been justly treated in 
the histories of the undertaking." 

The chief industry of Gloucester to-day is the same as it was two hun 
dred and fifty years ago, which can be said of no other place I know of in 
this country. And in that industry she has always maintained the lead. And 
as this calling (" an apostolic one,"" as your distinguished townsman, Judge 
Thompson, would say) necessitated the building of ships and the navigation 
of the sea, its development early gave the mother country apprehension and 
alarm, and it became a great source of the power which finally enabled us to 
break the bonds of colonial dependence and establish our own Independence. 

And it is safe to say that in the Revolution and in the War .of 18 12, we 
could neither have manned a vessel nor captured one, but for the fishermen 
of New England. 

And while steam and iron have, in a great measure, taken the place of 
sailing vessels on high seas, yet in any foreign war in which we might be 
engaged, the chief support and nucleus of a successful and commerce-destroy- 
ing American navy will always be found in the fishermen and fishing fleets 
of our country. 

"Thrice is he armed who has his quarrel just." At least twice is he 
armed who can fight on land and sea, which the fisherman of Gloucester has 
shown he can do, for, " many a time and oft," during these two hundred and 
fifty years, has he shed his blood for his country on both "field and deck." 

But, Mr. President, this celebration means more than commercial pros- 
perity and supremacy. It means, with the disadvantages of a hard climate, a 
sterile soil, and the hostile Indian, the overcoming of these obstacles, the 
breaking away from colonial dependence on Great Britain, and the successful 
establishment in a new country, then unconquered and unexplored, of an 
empire which to-day extends from ocean to ocean, and embraces within its 
indissoluble and indestructible Union, forty-four great commonwealths, with 
already a population of sixty-five millions. 

It means the germ, the growth, the bud, the blossom, and the full fruit- 
age of civil and religious freedom and government by the people. A few 
weeks hence this country, in conjunction with the different nations of the 
earth, will open the celebiation of the four hundredth anniversary of the dis- 
covery of America by Columbus. It will be a most wonderful affair, worthy 
of the able and public-spirited management in charge, worthy of the great 
American city of the continent, where it will be held, worthy of the great 
country whose discovery it will celebrate. There is hardly a people under 
the sun but will contribute to its success. It will illustrate the history and 
progress of America in that time. Yet, substantially, all the history and 
progress therein shown will have been accomplished within the time that 
Gloucester has been a town, and would not have been accomplished but for 
the courage and virtue and spirit of the men and women and the like of them 
who settled this town two hundred and fifty years ago. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. I 59 

What was that courage? It was the courage to do right as God gave 
them to see the right. 

What was that virtue? It was the supremest virtue, a stern and 
unconquerable sense of duty to be performed 

What was that spirit? It was the unquenchable fire of liberty burning 
in their breasts, liberty of conscience, liberty of speech, liberty of local self- 
government. 

And from the beginning up to now, whenever we have held foremost 
and before us such courage, such virtue, such spirit, we have risen higher 
and come nearer the ideal government " of the people, by the people." 

And whenever and wherever we have gone astray from those principles, 
we have shaken the faith of honest and intelligent men in the ultimate success 
of such government. 

I still believe the new times are better than the old. There is more 
comfort, less hardship and suflfering, more general knowledge, more oppor- 
tunities, more happiness, and I believe the world is better to-day than it ever 
was before. 

But I do think that the high purposes which inspired our fathers, and 
the grand principles to which they held are and will ever be the best of all 
time, and when we sliall have parted the last mooring which holds us to those 
purposes and principles, we shall drift upon the rocks. 

Fourth Toast : — 

" Old Essex ! By thy bold shores that dam the mighty sea, thy 
fertile pastures and shadowy woods, the All Father hath, by nature's 
teaching, grown a gallant, wise, and fair humanity. When did she 
ever lack for praise from eloquent and scholarly thought?" 

HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 

Mr. Toastmaster. Ladies and Gefitlemen : I fully share with my friend 
and colleague who has just spoken to you, in his appreciation of the complete- 
ness and the eloquence and the fitness of what has been said by the Secretary 
and by the Governor, in response to the toasts of the United States and of 
Massachusetts. But great as these subjects are, and admirably as they have 
been responded to, there is always room for a word for old Essex. There are 
some people so unfortunate as not to be connected with Essex County either 
by birth or residence or descent. We are sorry for them. Sometimes I have 
heard those persons, so unfortunately situated, express some wonder at the 
pride and affection, which they have criticised as extreme, felt by the children 
of Essex for the old county. I think it is because they never studied the his- 
tory of that county to find the answer. It is very hard to explain just what 
that affection is, that attachment of humanity for a particular portion of the 
earth. It comes and touches and sounds what Lincoln called the " mystic 
cords " that stretch to every fireside, and yet it is one of the strongest and 
deepest feelings of which human nature is susceptible. 



l60 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

When we speak of Essex County, we summon up a long past, and we 
think that history discloses in the past a people of strong character, of marked 
qualities, of aggressive nature, making their mistakes like the rest of the 
world, no doubt, but on the whole hold great and honorable places among 
men. We do not forget that only two years after the foundation of this town 
it was the Essex men who changed the State government, even to removing 
the beloved Winthrop, and altered the policy of the colony. We do not 
forget that it was the Essex result that played so large a part in our frame of 
government. We know that it was the Essex junta that once controlled the 
politics of Massachusetts, and even of New England. And those qualities 
of control and of fight have always been with the country. Turn to her his- 
tory from the days when the flower of Essex fell in slaughter on the field of 
Bloody Brook, in defence of Massachusetts homes, down to the last great 
uprising of a great people, and you will always find Essex near the front. Turn 
to the long list of statesmen and magistrates, from the days of Endicott, and 
you will find the share of Essex a great one. In literature we have given the 
marvellous genius of Nathaniel Hawthorne, and we hold to-day as our most 
priceless possession the beloved poet, Whittier. 

And it was here, on this spot, that this famous county had its beginning. 
We can carry it back, as the Governor said, to the days of the Dorchester 
Company. We can carry it back even a little further than that, for when 
Capt. John Smith, about 1614, gave the name of Ann of Denmark, the wife of 
James I., to this cape, he gave one of the three names of his voyage that have 
existed ever since. But we don't celebrate a mere lapse of time, two hundred 
and fifty or two hundred and eighty years. It seems a long time to the 
brethren from the West, who build cities in a few weeks. It seems a short 
time to the people of the country whence the founders of Gloucester came, 
and a still shorter time to those who dwell among the remains of the great 
civilization of Rome. And it is as nothing in the history of the temples of 
the Nile. It is not the mere lapse of time that we celebrate. Still less is it 
the mere fact of existence, the mere clinging to an especial place, like the 
limpet to the rock. Why, when Stanley opened up the dark forest of Central 
Africa, he found there races of dwarfs who had lived unchanged since the 
days of Herodotus. Think you that it is worth celebrating their three 
thousandth anniversary of living there in that forest? 

It is the crowded hour we celebrate, not the age without the name. We 
celebrate not a given lapse of time, not a dwelling in one place, but the char- 
acter of the men and the women who have made that place possible. They 
built it out of salt water and granite, — two not very likely subjects on which 
to rear a prosperous town. They had wrung it from the cold and stormy seas 
of the North Atlantic. They had wrested it from the iron hills that girdle 
your city. Yes, that is what we celebrate, — the force of character, the deter- 
mined will, the energy, the persistence, the fidelity to great ideas which have 
made Gloucester and New England and the United States possible. We 
celebrate the facts that these men and women, and those who have come after 
them, have done something to uplift the human race, to raise it a step higher 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. l6l 

in its progress toward better tilings ; that they are those who beHeve that the 
race does advance, and in that advance they have played their part, and it is 
the miles which they have covered in the two hundred and fifty years painfully 
journeyed over, through many obstacles, that we celebrate to-day. It is the 
spirit of New England. 

Fifth Toast : — 

" Of such a county, State, and nation, well may our city be proud, 
yet in herself Gloucester finds abundant honor, eminent by nature, by 
history, and by leadership as America's chief fishing port." 

HON. ASA G. ANDREWS, MAYOR. 
Mayor Andrews responded briefly for the fair city whose chief 
executive in these anniversary days, he had the honor of being. Sketch- 
ing the events which had led up to the celebration and the enthusiasm 
of the citizens in making it a success, he welcomed one and all to 
Gloucester in eloquent phrase. 

Sixth Toast : — - 

" It is very natural to ask for, and very becoming to remember, the 
way in which, as individuals or communities, we have grown. 'The 
Old Town.' Said I not that Gloucester in herself had abundant honor? 
Her greatest honor, her manly sons." 

JOHN CORLISS, ESQ. 

Mr. Toastmaster, Ladies and Gentlemen, Fellow Citizens of Gloucester : 
I appreciate the invitation to respond to the sentiment embodied in the toast 
to the Old Town of Gloucester, and however inadequately I may discharge 
the duty, the compliment remains, and I thank you. 

Born here in Gloucester, looking back upon many generations of Glouces- 
ter ancestry, I have a right to be proud of my native city, to rejoice in her 
prosperity and in whatever of prestige or advantage has come to her in these 
later years and under present conditions. I rejoice in this celebration, in that 
measure of success which has attended it ; in the return to honor the occasion 
of so many of her sons and daughters, and in the presence of so many dis- 
tinguished guests. I trust that the larger knowledge and the wider apprecia- 
tion of her possibilities which shall result from this celebration may make 
these days forever memorable, not only as a season of congratulation and 
public rejoicing over what has been accomplished, but as a recognition of what 
may be achieved, as an inspiration to greater eftbrt and a more exhaustive 
development of her resources and her industries in the years which are to 
come. The arch, which spans the bridge on Western Avenue, bears this 
inscription, " Our Fishing Industry supplies the world." Whether that inscrip- 
tion reaches to-day beyond the fact or not, the ambition and energy of her 
citizens are equal to the realization of its truth. 



1 62 7'IVO IIUiVDKED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

But, Mr. Toastmaster, I stray from the toast ; whatever of pride or interest 
or regard I may entertain for Gloucester as a city, my thoughts, my love, and 
my remembrance turn with ever. increasing appreciation to Gloucester the 
town, and I remember that it was the indomitable energy, the sturdy independ 
ence, and the patient toil, which characterized the sons and daughters of the 
old town of Gloucester, that made possible Gloucester the city. 

When I behold the present extent of her fishing industry, the largest 
upon the continent, perhaps in the world, when I behold what measure of 
prosperity, of comfort, even of luxury, is enjoyed by her citizens to-day, I 
remember how that development and that prosperity were won through years 
of effort and hardship and adversity, through many failures as well, commencing 
with those first attempts to establish here a fishing station, which resulted not 
immediately in the establishment of either a fishing station or a fishing town, 
but which resulted perhaps in the beginnings of the Massachusetts Colony, 
leading up to that other and more pernament settlement at Salem, and finally, 
by a union with the Plymouth Colony, to the building up of the Common- 
wealth of Massachusetts. 

The old town of Gloucester, through all her history, has always been 
intensely patriotic. She sent her full quota of men during the French and 
English wars, to assist in the capture of Louisburg. to extend British posses- 
sions on the land, and maintain British supremacy on the sea. In 1775, when 
the increasing difficulties between the Colonies and the mother country made 
actual hostilities inevitable, she sent two companies to the defence of Ameri- 
can liberty at Bunker Hill. The men of Gloucester were upon every battle 
field of the Revolution, and her privateers, manned by her hardy sons, swept 
the ocean, destroyed the commerce of Great Britain, and carried the new-born 
flag of the republic, the stars and stripes, in immortal glory to every sea. 
And again in 181 2, in the Mexican War, and in the war of the Rebellion, her 
sons sustained the reputation of their fathers, and contributed both on land 
and sea to the honor of the town, and the lasting glory of the republic. The 
historian of to-day has set forth these latest facts in amplest detail, and placed 
beyond the chance of loss the printed record of their achievement. 

I am personally identified with three of the oldest organizations of the 
old town, and I may be pardoned if, constrained by the wealth of matter and 
the lack of time, I very briefly allude to them. I refer to the Tyrian Lodge 
of Masons, the Independent Christian Society, and the Gloucester Bank. 
Tyrian Lodge was established in 1770, and Joseph Warren and Paul Revere 
both attest, by their signatures, to the high character and worth of those sons 
of Gloucester town, who sought in those early days its charter. Much inter- 
nal evidence bears witness to their patriotism, to their interest in the uprising 
of the Colonies, and to their faith in the justice of the people's cause. 
Nathaniel Warner, its acting Worshipful Master, left the chair to lead his 
company to Bunker Hill, and Epes Sargent, its first secretary, received his 
commission from General Washington, as the first Collector of the Port of 
Gloucester. Of the Independent Christian Society, whose earliest associa- 
tions date back to 1774, it becomes me to say only this, that in their stand 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 63 

under the new Constitution for that religious liberty vouchsafed them by that 
instrument, they exemplified and illustrated the very qualities which have 
actuated the men and women of the old town of Gloucester in all her history, 
and in thus contending, they contended for the rights of every religious 
organization, and what they then won, all have enjoyed. The Gloucester 
Bank, the oldest financial institution in the city, was established in 1796, with 
a capital of forty thousand dollars. A Hamiltonian bank in the Federalist 
corner of New England, it yet had for its first president an ultra Jeffersonian 
Democrat, Capt. John Somes. Captain Somes was a representative man of 
Gloucester town, for many years a leading citizen, and one of its selectmen. 
By his resolution, his abilities, his energy, and the decision of his character, 
if he did not, as was sometimes asserted, rule both bank and town, he at all 
events exercised a large controlling influence over the fortunes of both. 
Tradition informs us, that after many sessions of the board of selectmen, and 
endless discussion. Captain Somes, with a wave of his hand, and in lano-uao-e 
more emphatic than polite, closed the discussion, adjourned the meeting, and 
consigned the long-vexed question of the Commoner's rights to everlasting 
oblivion; and tradition further informs us, that they have remained there from 
that day to this. 

Mr. Toastmaster and Fellow Citizens, I have already wearied your 
patience and exhausted your courtesy, and I shall allude to but one other 
memory of Gloucester town A memory indeed, the one institution of the 
old town, lost forever in the growing grandeur and glory of the new city, and 
yet surviving these many years, I trust, in the educational and conservative 
influences which it exerted in the formation and development of character, in 
the training of orators and legislators, in the remembrance of the opportunity 
which it afforded for the assertion of individual right, tlie full discussion, and 
the free and open transaction of all public business. I refer to the town 
meetings of the old town. Who that participated in them can ever forget 
the matchless eloquence of the orators, their honesty and independence, the 
directness of purpose with which they sought the end desired, whether that 
end was the public good or private advantage ? The town meeting made mis- 
takes, the city government makes some to-day ; but on the whole the town 
meeting was right, it came close to the people's hearts and purses, proved 
itself an apt and swift interpreter of the best sentiment of the community, and 
wisely and economically executed the people's will. It never degenerated 
mto a farce, but yielded finally and only to changed conditions of public senti- 
ment, and the imperious necessities of an increasing population. It was my 
father's privilege and pleasure to preside, as moderator, with few exceptions, 
over the annual and special town meetings for a quarter of a century. 

It was my own privilege once, and once only, to preside over my fellow 
citizens in town meeting assembled. It was one of the last town meetings 
called to consider the expediency of petitioning the Legislature for a city 
charter, and to take such further action as might be incident thereto. It was 
my duty, instructed by the nearly unanimous vote of the meeting, to appoint 
the committee who prepared and presented to the Legislature the charter. 



1 64 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

which was afterwards adopted by the town. I thought that I had acquitted 
myself with great credit, and my heart swelled within me over the success 
which was attending my first town meeting. But pride goeth before destruc- 
tion ; one of Gloucester's most famous orators, denouncing in unmeasured 
terms the change from town to city form of government as unwise and inex- 
pedient, as calculated in after hours to afford ample leisure for repentance and 
regret, in one sublime burst of impassioned protest swept meeting and mod- 
erator into one resistless and contagious smile. I was not conscious of the 
full enormity of my offence, till, rising to the full height of his lofty stature, 
and in a commanding voice audible to every man in that large meeting, he 
turned upon me with severe censure and rebuke and said, "Mr. Moderator 
your father would not have smiled." I recount the incident not to reflect 
upon either the orator or his sentiments. He was an old time citizen, an 
honest, earnest, faithful man, I desire only to enforce the lesson that town 
meetings may smile, but the moderator never. Mr. Toastmaster, in conclusion 
let us cherish ever in fond remembrance the history of the old town of 
Gloucester ; let us remember with pride and satisfaction the lives, the labors, 
and the virtues of the men and women who made that history ; let us emulate 
that industry, perseverance, and energy which enabled them to win from an 
unwilling soil and an uncertain sea their livelihood and yet find time amid the 
engrossing demands of such an occupation and such conditions to lay those 
foundations of endurance and enterprise, of pluck and daring, upon which rest 
securely, I trust, securely, I am sure, if only we in our day and generation are 
true to our obligations and our inheritance, the prosperity, the hopes, and the 
possibilities of Gloucester our city. 

Seventh Toast : — " The Navy." 

" Build me straight, O worthy Master ! 
Staunch and strong, a goodly vessel 
That shall laugh at all disaster. 

And with wind and whirlwind wrestle." 



« 



Longfellow. 



ADMIRAL BANCROFT GHERARDI. 



" The Navy " brought the gallant Admiral Gherardi, of the flag- 
ship " Philadelphia," to his feet, who dwelt upon the marked progress in 
armaments and the destructiveness of modern projectiles. His prac- 
tical talk about the new navy was listened to with the greatest interest, 
as from an authority on the subject. After speaking of guns and pro- 
jectiles, he said : — 

The Honorable Assistant Secretary of the Navy has told you of the 
many ships that we are building at present, but he did not tell you of the 
time that it takes. There is and there were great changes which have taken 
place. I have read in the papers and in the debates in Congress, when 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 165 

the Government was asking for an increase in the navy, that gentlemen got 
up and said : " Oh, we can do this in thirty, sixty, and ninety days. It was 
done in the past. It was done in the war of 18 12. It was done in the war of 
1 861 and 1865. So it is not necessary to give this money for the ships to be 
built." But none of these ships can be built under two years. Not even a 
Yankee can build them under two years. With all the facilities which 
mechanism has given, you cannot put forth one of those ships like the 
"Philadelphia" in less than two years. Therefore you must give the Gov- 
ernment time. You must give them the money ahead. They cannot o-q 
ahead and build you a ship as soon as there is a war on your hands. They 
cannot do as they did in 1861 and 1865, — build ships in ninety days. They 
actually did it, hundreds of them, but it will take months, and wars are not 
over yet. See how near you were to one last fall. And yet it was only 
because we were prepared, yet partially prepared, that the Government was 
able to take that decided, able stand which forced the other side to say : " We 
will withdraw." Had we stood in that position ten years ago, they would 
have turned and laughed at us, and simply said : " You are a big nation, but 
we can kick you and you can't kick back." 

To-day we stand in a much better position, but we have not yet arrived 
at the point where you may stop. This vessel, the " Philadelphia," is not 
what was spoken of as a battleship Our sides are no thicker than the sides 
of an ordinary merchant ship which would cross the ocean. Our power 
depends upon the innumerable number of compartments into which we are 
divided. But the battleship named after this old Commonwealth has fifteen 
inches of steel in some places on her. She is supposed to be able to go 
alongside of another battleship and fight, with any given distance you choose, 
one thousand yards, fifteen hundred, up to fifteen thousand, if you want it to. 
It will be the same old story, for no fight will be decided at long distance. 
You have got to come close to it. And therefore this enormous amount of 
steel is put there in order to enable the vessel to stand against the projectiles 
of the present day, driven with a force that you have little idea of until you 
see what the destruction done by one of these shells is in entering a mass of 
rock or iron. 

Then there is another thing aboard one of the ships like these. We 
are a mass of machinery. We have forty-odd engines aboard these ships. 
We don't pretend to have any lights except electrical. We have not to-day 
enough oil aboard that ship to last us three days for lamp purposes if our 
electric light should give out. Now all this requires time, requires training, 
requires ability, which, I am happy to say, the Government is constantly giv- 
ing its attention to. There is not one single thing left undone which can be 
done to advance your navy to its best possible interest. So, should the time 
ever come that we of the navy are called to go into action, you will have a 
right to have no fear but you will find the men that will still uphold the 
honor of the flag as has been done in the past. 



1 66 TWO HUXDRED AXD FIFTIZr- AXXITERSARY 

Eighth Toast : — " The Armj.' 

" From tiiat early day trhen the men of Cape Ann maiched a^ray 
to fight Philip at Deerfield, where the ' flower of Essex ' felL never has 
the army of our grand Republic had braver patriots on land or sea 
Than the men of Gloucester." 

HON. BENJA^IIN F. Z VTLER. 

When the venerable ex-Govemor arose to pay his tribute to the 
service which he.adcHned, he was given an enthusiastic ovation. He 
would not trust his voice, so he walked over to the reporters" table, 
that the members <m the press might hear his every word. His origi- 
nal and wittr points kept his hearers in continual laughter- When he 
said he miled to see the use of guns that would carry projectiles nine 
miles if, as Admiral Gherardi had declared, all future fights are to be 
at close quarters, the a~'^:rzce was convulsed. He said, in part : — 

Mr. Tec:-' ' "-- - ■ "rnc.- — 

I h; Before I respond to the toast. I wan: 

to say s T. »iiy i iiave a rigti to speak for Gloucester as 

wdl as 1 '^t rery fornmate in being bom in GIoQCdfeter. 

Esses Cocurj : rhar "s^^ - accident, voa m'ght jast as well have been 

bom anywhere else. 

Afrer I c^Tie to .-' :s I Ii-i-ked at 2. tow-: ?,-wJ coantrv which I 

thoogfat I ocL^ht to reprei^:i: 1:: the Congress CK the Uniteid States, and build- 
ing on m J kncwlege c»f Essex Cocntj. for I ha^ tried a great many cases in 
ha- coart. practised before her bar. and seen her citizens in die jarj box. and 
the jmy box is the best place to test the average capacity, inaght. and rnde- 
peodcEce of a citizen — irith that acoziaintance and -sdth mv carpet bag in 
mv hand, not being a native by an accident of r. " . ^^1 njLCe 

my residence here. and. therefore. I say I ha-=-e - 

Er: yoa may say : Did : "^:ts. 

I retnai-ed and representee t _, _ : rh: 

v^irs. I sdll have a home in Gloocester. 1 



granit 

^1 . :- 



— Bav \ \ty>:. Its 

-rial 



— . .. , _ ;_^ ;.- ^- ; -^tny. Dot there is a <^2estioo to begin 
wit! itr that. Mr. Toasrnisster. What is the army <A the United 

States- Is :: : Jisy for a tew years 

n^iiting the Ir. , . i are d«:4n? x»odiiBg 

now? Is that it.- cioco nie^i a_~c tPi-e. s.^.^ _ ; jt is 

that the armv of the Unhed States? Are we -- &e 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. l6j 

protection of our rights and liberties, for the defence of our countr\-, for meet- 
ing aggression upon us, \shether it comes from China or Great Britain or 
anybody else ? Oh. no ; the year before last one third of them deserted. 
That won't do. The army of the United States is tixed by the Constitution, 
and I want you specially to see it. It is the militia of the several States, 
which, by the Constitution, is the militia of the United States whenever the 
United States want it. That "s the army. Every good citizen must go when 
called, tirst by the State and then by the United States, as we went, some of 
my friends here went with me, when we were called by the State and served 
the United States when the United States called upon us in the war of 1861. 
The mistake was — I am now speaking of the army and what the army should 
be — that we went to work to hire men to go and fight ; never should have 
done it, and we must not do it hereafter, and I am leaving this to you as a 
legacy. The citizens of a great and free country like ours have but one duty 
which they must do at peril to life and limb and every peril, and that is to 
defend the institutions of their country, and no bounties for doing it ; no allow- 
ing men to hire somebody to fight for them either. If a man is free, white, 
and twenty-one. — yes, or black, now, — if he is free and twenty-one, hearty 
and strong, he ought to go on call. It is a burden like the jury duty, not to 
be sold, not to be done by prox)-, and when we have men of that sort in the 
army the war won't cost much money and won't last a great while. 

General Butler thought that the men in the na\y must be tried 
and must be trained, owing to the character of their service, but he 
did not think that the na\y could in any way become inimical to the 
riglits of the people, or used to overthrow the liberties of the people. 

The Ninth Toast : — •' Oar United Guests." 

•• If he had been forgotten it had been 
As a gap in our great feasts." 

HON. GEORGE S. BOUTWELUS SPEECH. 

This anniversary is an event of no common interest. Few are the cities 
and towns on the American continent that can boast of a life covering two 
and a half centuries. It is the fortune of Gloucester that it can boast not 
only of that long period of town and city life, but it can boast also of enter- 
prising, prosperous industries upon the land and the exhibition of early 
and continuing fortitude upon the sea, thereby winning fame and success in 
competition with the world. 

It is, therefore, .Mr. President and citizens of Gloucester, no common 
honor that we, your guests, have been invited to participate in these festivities. 
The occasion and its incidents will remain with us while life remains. 

This anniversary is calculated to lead our thoughts to the changes that 
have occurred in the two hundred and fifty years since the town of Gloucester 
was organized. 

We are led also to consider the probable, or possible results of the 
changes that are taking place before our eyes. At the opening of the last 



1 68 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

half of the nineteenth century Massachusetts was a Commonwealth of towns; 
at the opening of the twentieth century it will be a Commonwealth of cities. 
This change is so radical in its nature that its results cannot be contem- 
plated without apprehension, nor indeed without anxiety as to possible perils. 
From the organization of the State until the year 1850, and after, each 
town, as a corporation, was represented in the Legislature. 

It was an unequal system of representation, but it individualized the 
towns and it gave to them a degree of dignity, which, to the sentimentalist, 
was full compensation for the apparent injustice that thus was tolerated. The 
system, however, could not withstand the doctrines of human equality that, 
in this nineteenth century, are changing some governments and overturning 
others. Under the town system every man can act directly upon every 
question of local public concerns. As a citizen he can have a judgment, 
and he has a right to an opinion and an opportunity ^to declare his opinion 
upon the highway, the school, and the public expenses generally. The citizen 
became a legislator, and in no mean manner he was thus qualified for the 
work of legislation upon a larger theatre. 

Coincident with the loss of representative power by the towns, is the fact 
that they put aside or neglect their opportunities for the full exercise of the 
power which remains. 

Where several small towns are formed into a single district, the selection 
of the representative passes from town to town, year by year, and thus the 
sparsely settled parts of the State are represented constantly, and generally 
by untrained men. Under the representative system. States and nations are 
governed by committees, or, in other words, laws are the results of confer- 
ences, concessions, compromises ; and the committees that are charged with 
the work are composed, usually, of experienced men. Thus it is that the 
towns neglect the use of a very important part of the power that remains in 
their hands. 

Henceforth Massachusetts is to be a commonwealth of cities. Its metro- 
politan tendencies may be modified by the opinions and traditions of the rural 
districts, but in any contest over policies the cities, when united, are sure to 
win victories. Without admitting the truth of Mr. Jefferson's apothegm, that 
"cities are sores on the body politic," we are forced to recognize the histori- 
cal fact, that the decadence of great cities has marked the fall of states and 
the ruin of empires. On the pages of history, Assyria and Babylon are one, 
and the city of Rome was the vital force that inspired and controlled the 
Republic and the Empire. 

In our own time, Paris has given law to France. There is much reason, 
however, to believe that in these particulars history cannot repeat itself. 
There is somewhat of security in the extension of the right of suffrage, and in 
the representative system of government. Paris is France no longer, and in 
the recent election the city of London divided upon a great question of public 
policy. 

Again, in large cities there must be a variety of industries, and from a 
variety of industries there must come a diversity of interests and opinions as 
to public policies. 




'••••••• 



Hon. Albert ^lason, 
" The Judiciary." 
John AV. True. Esq., 
" New (jloucester, Me." 



l!AX(irET SPEAKERS. 

Hon. Robert S. Rantoul, Hon. William E. liarrett, 

" Our Xeighbors." " The Press." 

Hon. George S. Boutwell, Hon. Charles Levi Woodbury, 

" Invited Guests." " The Ladies." 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 69 

There is security, also, in the multiplicity of cities. Boston dates from 
1824, and in the intervening period eight and twenty cities have been created. 
In two decades, Massachusetts, with continuing prosperity, will have become, 
in the number of its cities, the rival of the Union in the number of its States. 
For States a grave if not the great question of the future is the government 
of cities. 

It is to be said, finally, that the chief security of towns, of States, of 
nations, is in a system of universal compulsory education ; a system to be 
created by the State, to be controlled by the State as a whole, or through 
the agency of its component parts, and that without partnership, compro- 
mise, or arrangement with any organization or body of men, either civil or 
ecclesiastical. 

The education which the State is authorized to furnish, and the only 
education which an American State can tolerate, is an education designed to 
fit men and women for "the life that now is." The State cannot consider 
the Beyond, and therefore in a system of State education, there is no place 
for the church as a church, but always a place for the members of the church 
as citizens of the State. 

The time may come, and it ought not to be far distant, when the ele- 
ments of education and all the sciences will be taught in the English language 
only, and so taught in all the schools of the country, whether private or public. 

Unity in language is evidence of unity of race, but in the United States 
there should be uniformity of language as the indication of identity of purpose 
in national life. We are, and we shall continue to be, the great English- 
speaking nation, and our language is destined to be the language of commerce, 
of science, and of diplomacy for this continent, and probably for the western 
world. 

And now, Mr. President, in behalf of your guests, I thank you for your 
generous hospitality and for the opportunity you have given us to observe the 
condition of your city, at once vigorous in its age, with the confidence ot 
youth as to its future. 

Tenth To.\st : — " The Ladies." 

" ' Woman ' must ever be a woman's highest name, and honors more 
than Lady, if I know right." 

Hon. Charles Levi Woodbury, of Boston, responded briefly, 
alluding to his being related to many old-time Gloucester families, and 
wittily said that being a bachelor was the reason of his being called 
to speak to this toast. His remarks brought forth shouts of laughter 
at his sallies of wit, and bursts of applause at his eloquent tribute to 
the women of Gloucester. Owing to the lateness of the hour, many 
of the toasts had to be omitted, much to the regret of those present. 

"To the Judiciary," Hon. Albert Mason, of Brookline, Chief Jus- 
tice, Massachusetts Superior Court, was to speak ; " To the Press," 



I/O TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Hon. William E. Barrett, of Melrose ; " To the Clergy," Rev. Dr. John 
L. R. Trask, of Springfield, orator of the day j " For our Neighboring 
Cities," Hon. Robert S. Rantoul, Mayor of Salem, and son of Hon. 
Robert Rantoul, of Gloucester; "For old Gloucester, England," Hon. 
John Piatt, son of Mayor James Piatt, of old Gloucester ; and "For 
New Gloucester, Maine," John W. True, Esq., one of her selectmen. 

During the dinner, and between the toasts, the Eighth Regiment 
Band rendered a choice musical program. Among the invited guests 
present were : Hon. J. R. Soley, Acting Secretary of the Navy ; Admiral 
Gherardi, Captain Barker, of the " Philadelphia," Commander White, of 
the " Concord," Lieut. Seaton Shraeder, of the " Vesuvius," Lieutenant 
Ridley, White Aid to the Admiral, all of the United States Navy ; 
Governor and Mrs. W. E. Russell; Adjutant-General Dalton; Colonel 
and Mrs. Harry E. Russell ; Miss Swan ; Mrs. E. M. Tappan ; Ex- 
Gov. G. S. Boutwell ; Gen. B. F. Butler; Congressman William Cogs- 
well, Salem ; Congressman Henry Cabot Lodge, Nahant ; John Piatt, 
Esq., Gloucester, England ; John W. True, Esq., New Gloucester, Me. ; 
Hon. Albert S. Mason, Chief Justice, Massachusetts Superior Court ; 
Prof. William Libbey, Fisheries Department, Washington ; Hon. 
William E. Barrett, Speaker, House of Representatives ; Hon. Charles 
Levi Woodbury, Boston; Hon. J. W. Kimball, State Treasurer, Massa- 
chusetts; Hon. H. O. Fairbanks, Mayor of Quincy; Hon. James 
Pierce, Mayor of Maiden; Hon. Thomas E. Baldwin, Mayor of Haver- 
hill ; Ex-Mayor and Mrs. Richards, Haverhill ; Hon. Robert S. Ran- 
toul, Mayor of Salem; Representatives to Legislature — George A. 
Galloupe, Beverly; Thomas J. Kelliher, Boston; J. Lewis Austin,. 
Taunton; H. T. Bingham, Manchester; Isaac P. Fears, Rockport ; 
Howard G Lane, Sylvanus Smith, George Friend, Gloucester ; Horatio 
G. Herrick, Esq., Sheriff of Essex County; Hon. E. J. Sherman, 
Lawrence; Hon. C. P. Thompson, Gloucester; Selectmen of Rock- 
port, Manchester, Ipswich, Essex ; Hons. R. R. Fears, Allan Rogers, 
Joseph Garland, W. H. Wonson, David I. Robinson, W. W. French, 
Ex-Mayors of Gloucester; Hon. Benjamin H. Corliss, Gloucester; 
Rev. J. L. R. Trask, Springfield ; James Davis, Esq.; Hiram Rich, 
Esq.; H. C. L. Haskell, Esq.; William A. Pew, Esq., Collector; J. H. 
Mansfield, Esq., Postmaster, Gloucester; Barclay Tilton, Esq.; W. S. 
Eaton, Boston. 

A large number of letters were read by Mr. French, Chairman, 
Banquet Committee, from those invited to be present, but unable to 
do so. These letters will be found in a subsequent chapter. The 
catering was by P. & J. Besse, of Boston. 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. I/I 

MENU. 

Relishes. 

Celery, Olives, Tomatoes, Cucumbers. 

Soup. 
Vermicelli. 

Fish. 
Boiled Halibut, Cream Sauce, Mashed Potatoes. 

Entrees. 
Filet de Boeuf aux Champignon, String Beans. 

Punch. 
A la Romaine. 

Roast. 
Spring Lamb, Green Corn. 

Entremet. 
Chicken Salad. 

Dessert. 
Fancy Ices, Cakes, Sherbet. 

Coffee, Fruit, Tea. 

BANQUET COMMITTEE. 

William W. French, Chairman. 
John J. Stanwood, Secretary. 

W. Frank Parsons. John J. Flaherty. 

George Todd. David I. Robinson. 

Asa G. Andrews. John Lloyd. 

Charles A. Russell. John C. Pierce. 

Charles B. Presson. Fitz J. Babson, Jr. 

Charles S. Marchant. John H. Dunnels. 

John Q. Bennett. John B. Freeman. 

Melvin O. Perkins. Charles F. Wonson. 

J, O. Procter, Jr. EHas P. Burnham. 

Abbott Coffin. Wilham T. Merchant. 



^torsdawi, ^UQUst 25. 



Morning. Grand Military, Civic, and Trades Parade. 
Afternoon. Mayor's Luncheon, City Hall. 
Evening. Anniversary Reception and Ball. 



'- 



MILITARY, CIVIC, AND TRADES PARADE. 



THURSDAY was given over to the great military, civic, and trades 
procession. It was tiie culmination of the events of Anniver- 
sary week. Gloucester had had many parades. Her Fourth of July 
processions were noted ones in Massachusetts. But Gloucester never 
saw so extensive, so diversified, and so well managed a parade before , 
Indeed, few cities in this country, and those only the largest, have ever 
seen such a display. The day opened somewhat dull and overcast, 
with signs of rain ; but nothing could dampen the enthusiasm of the 
people. At sunrise, everyone was astir, and by seven o'clock crowds 
began to pour into town from every direction. More elaborate touches 
were given to the decorations, until the streets seemed one mass of 
flags and bunting. The sound of music, the tramp of marching feet, 
the ringing of the bells, and the booming of the cannon from the 
shore and from the white ships riding at anchor in the harbor, all told 
that the climax of the festivities was at hand. Train after train rolled 
into the station, bringing those who were to take part in the procession 
or to witness the parade as spectators. With all the crowds and con- 
sequent confusion, it would have seemed impossible to get order out 
of chaos, but for the excellent management of the executive officers. 
A conservative estimate of the strangers present places the number at 
sixty thousand people, and had the railroad accommodations been the 
best, thousands upon thousands more would have come. The streets 
through which the procession moved were one mass of people. On 
Main Street, from sidewalk to roof, every point was taken advantage 
of. And what marching ! The marines and sailors, the militia and the 
fraternal orders, vied with each other, and were greeted with salvos of 
applause. The prominent guests all received a royal welcome, and 
the historical tableaux and school children can never be forgotten by 
those privileged to see them. The passing in review on Dale Avenue, 
before the chief marshal and the executive committee, was a hand- 
some tribute to those who for nearly two years had worked early and 
late that the anniversary should redound to the credit of dear old 
Gloucester. To all, the day now is only a memory, but as long as life 
lasts it will remain the most brilliant spectacle those present have ever 
been privileged to see. 

175 



176 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

In detail the order of march and make-up of the procession was 
as follows : — 

The headquarters of the chief marshal up to the time of moving 
was at City Hall, where he was kept busy giving orders and attending 
to the various duties devolving upon him. The right of line was on 
Prospect Street at the head of Dale Avenue. The first division was 
formed on Prospect Street, right on Dale Avenue, the second on Elm 
Street, right on Prospect Street, the third on Pleasant Street, right on 
Prospiect Street, the fourth on Park Street, right on Prospect Street, 
the fifth on Dale Avenue, right on Prospect Street, the sixth on Mason 
Street, right on Prospect Street, and the seventh on Maplevvood Avenue, 
right on Prospect Street. It was estimated that there were seventy-five 
hundred men in line, with more than thirty bands of music in addition 
to the numerous drum corps. Promptly at 10.30 o'clock the fire 
alarm sounded the signal for starting and the parade was on. In spite 
of slight and vexatious rain, the lines were kept intact and every- 
one remained until they had passed in review before the grand stand. 
The route of the procession was through Prospect, Foster, Granite, 
Washington, Middle streets and Western Avenue to Bond Street, counter- 
marching to Main, through Main to Eastern Avenue, Friend, Prospect, 
Pleasant, Middle streets and Dale Avenue, passing in review at the 
High School-house, thence Prospect, Mason, School and Middle streets 
to the arch at Town Hall Square, where they were dismissed. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



177 



ROSTER OF THE PARADE. 



Platoon of Mounted Police, Capt. George B, McKenney, 
Commanding. 

Boston Cadet Band, J. Thomas Baldwin, Leader. 

Color, — Yellow. 

Chief Marshal. 

William H. Jordan. 

Chief of Staff. 

Col. Benjamin F. Cook. 

Orderly. 

John Gilpin. 



Aids. 



Joseph C. Shepherd. 
Howard Haskell. 
Walter F. Osborne. 
Michael J. McNeirny, 
Arthur E. Herrick. 
Melvin H. Perkins. 
John C. Pierce. 
Daniel O. Marshall. 
Edward E. Webster. 
Albert P. Babson. 
Dr. George Morse. 
George H. Somes. 
David B. Smith. 
Benjamin W. Smith. 
Charles H. Parsons. 



Ralph W. Perkins. 
Charles Smith. 
Charles A. Mason. 
James D. Stacy. 
Fred. C. Low. 
John K. Dustin, Jr. 
Charles W. Luce. 
John H. Dunnels. 
Gardner W. Tarr. 
David O. Frost. 
James R. Pringle. 
Charles F. Wonson. 
Frank H. Thompson. 
William H. Perkins. 



f 



178 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

FIRST DIVISION. 

Color, — Blue. 

Marshal. 

William A. Homans, Jr. 
Orderly. 

Allan S. Rowe. 

Aids. 

Franklin A. Wonson. Washington A. Niles. 

Warren A. Bennett. Roger W. Babson. 

Thomas L. Tarr. Everett Babson. 

William T. Shute. Michael H. Scanlan. 

Joseph H. Rowe. Adelbert R. Coombs. 
Warren B. Goodhue. 

Naval Band, U. S. S. "Philadelphia," Giovanni Savata, U. S. N., 

Bandmaster. 

Marines and Sailors from United States Warships. 

Five companies Marines, five companies Sailors. Marines under 
command of Capt. Charles F. Williams ; Clarence S. A. Ingate, First 
Lieutenant. Sailors under command of Lieut. J. B. Briggs, with 
other officers, — Lieut. J. C. Fremont, Lieut. J. B. Cothian, Lieut. 
H. H. Hosley, Lieut. Vanhorn, Lieut. Landsdale, Lieut. J. R. 
Grant, Lieut. M. Van Duser, Lieut. W. Bullard, Medical Inspector 
R. P. Crandall, Adjutant P. Williams, Ensign L. A. Bostwick. 

Eighth Regiment Band. 

Eighth Regiment, M. V. M. 

Col. J. Albert Mills, Commanding. 
Lieut. -Colonel, Charles L. Dodge. 
Adjutant, George L. Weil. 
Quartermaster, Norman Y. Brintnall. 
Surgeon, Charles W. Galloupe. 
Assistant Surgeon, James E. Simpson. 
Paymaster, John G. Warner. 
Inspector Rifle Practice, Charles F. Cook. 
Chaplain, George D. Sanders. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. lyg 

First Battalion. 
Major George A. Copeland. 

Company I {Lynn). Captain, Eben T. Brackett, Lieutenxnts, George 
W, Holt, George N. B. Cousins. 

Company D {Lynn). Captain, Freeman Murray, Lieutenants, Henry 
B. Goodridge, Charles T. Hilliker. 

Covci'^a.ny C {Marble head). Captain, William B.Potter, Lieutenants, 
Frank A. Graves, Charles H. Snow. 

Company H {Salem). Captain, Herbert F. Staples, Lieutenants, 
Charles H. Pope, Patrick A. Fitzgerald. 

Second Battalion. 
Major WiNsoR M. Ward. 

Company F {Haverhill). Captain, Benjamin F. Jellison, Lieutenants, 
William C. Dow, Wilmot U. Mace. 

Company K {Danvers) . Captain Frank C. Damon,. Lieutenants, F. 
Pierce Tibbets, Fred. U. French. 

Company M {SomervUle) . Captain, Horace M. Parsons, Lieutenants, 
Arthur M. Whitten, George L. Marshall. 

Company L {North Andover). Captain Andrew Reeves, Lieutenants, 
Frank A. Coan, James Forbes. 

Third Battalion. 
Major William A. Pew, Jr. 

Company B {Amesbury). Captain, Edward W. M. Bailey; Lieutenants, 
Joseph E. Blake, Willard E. Connor. 

Company E {Beverly) . Captain, Winthrop E. Perry ; Lieutenants, 
Lucius H. Perry, William Stopford. 

Company A {Newburyport) . Captain, John H. Gilman ; Lieutenants, 
Edward G. Moody, Frank W. Goodwin. 

Company G {Gloucester) . Captain, Richard P. O'Reilly; Lieutenants, 
William J. Crawley, Winfield S. Dennison. 

Battery A, M. V. M. 

Lieut. William F. Hall, commanding. 

Naval Battalion Band. 



l8o TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Massachusetts Naval Battalion. 

Lieut.-Commander, John C. Soley. 
Adjutant, Franklin D. Williams. 
Paymaster. George E. Norris. 
Ordnance Officer, Leigh O. Garrett. 
Surgeon, James G. AIumford. 

Company A. Lieut.-Commander, John Lawrence ; Lieutenants, Theo- 
dore H. Clapp, Joseph Battles ; Ensigns, Louis T. Gushing, Edgar 
T. White. 

Company B. Lieut.-Commander, William ^L Paul; Lieutenants, 
Charles H. Brigham, Frank N. Brown ; Ensigns, Philip H. Downes, 
Frank F. Tripp. 

Company C Lieut.-Commander, William A. Gary ; Lieutenants, Alfred 
H. Bond, Henry N. Swett ; Ensign, Arthur B. Denny. 

Company D. Lieut.-Commander, John W. Weeks ; Lieutenants, Frank 
B. Parsons, Henry G. Hall ; Ensigns, George S. Selfridge, Edward 
P. Dodd. 

Detachment, Troop A, Boston Lancers. 

Lieut. Daniel K. Emerson, Commanding, escorting 

His Excellency William E. Russell, Governor. 

Staff : Major-Gen. Samuel Dalton, Adjuiatit General. 

Brig.-Gen. Francis Peabody, Jr., Judge Advocate Ge?ieral. 
Brig. -Gen. Thomas Kittredge, Surgeon General. 
Col. Michael T. Donahue, Aide-de-Camp. 
Col. James L. Carter, Assistant Inspector General. 
Col. John H. Cunningham, Assistant Adjutant General. 
Col. D. Howard Vincent, Aide- de-Ca tup. 
Col. Henry E. Russell, Assistant Adjutant General. 
(Mounted.) 

Coach •' Independence." 

Howlitt, whip, and the following members of Fourth of July Committee : 

Hon. William W. French, Charles C. Cressy, Charles A. Jacobs, Archie 
J. Moore, Patrick J. Foley, John J. Somes, John A. Coffin, Charles 
S. Tappan, Wilmot A. Reed, William D. Lufkin, Fred. W. Tibbets, 
George H. Procter, John Morgan, James R. Pringle, Charles E. 
Story. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. l8l 

Carriages containing the following guests : 

Hon. Asa G. Andrews, Mayor, Gloucester. 
Hon. James R. Soley, acting Secretary of the Navy. 
Admiral Bancroft Gherardi and commanding officers of the Naval 

Squadron. 
Hon. George S. Boutwell, Hon. Benjamin F. Butler, Ex-Governors. 

John Pratt, Esq., Gloucester, England ; John W. True, Esq., and party. 
New Gloucester, Maine ; Prof. William Libbey, U. S. Fish Com- 
missioner; Hon. Alanson W. Beard, Boston; Hon. Albert Mason, 
Chief Justice, Superior Court; Hon. William M. Olin, Boston, 
Secretary of State ; Hon. John W. Kimball, State Auditor ; Hon. 
John G. B. Adams, State Sergeant-at-Arms ; Hon. William E. 
Barrett, Melrose ; Hon. Thomas N. Hart, Boston ; Hon. Cornelius 
Van Cort, New York ; Hon. Charles Levi Woodbury, Boston ; Gen. 
Benjamin F. Peach, Lynn ; Rufus R. Wade, Esq., Chief District 
Police ; Hon. Luther Dame, Newburyport ; Messrs. Thomas J. 
Kelliher, Salem D. Charles, Boston; Henry T. Bingham, Man- 
chester ; J. Lewis Austin, Taunton, George A. Galloupe, Beverly, 
Isaac P. Fears, Rockport, Howard G. Lane, Sylvanus Smith, 
George H. Friend, Gloucester, Representatives to State Legislature. 

E. Kendall Jenkins, Esq., Essex County Treasurer ; Horatio G. Herrick, 
Esq., Sheriff ; Messrs. Edward T. Bishop, Horace G. Longfellow, 
David W. Low, County Commissioners ; Representatives Pilgrim 
Society, Plymouth ; Representatives Massachusetts Historical 
Society. 

Mayors : Hon. Robert S. Rantoul, Salem ; Hon. Elihu B. Hayes, 
Lynn ; Hon. Henry P. Doe, Lawrence ; Hon. Alfred C. Converse, 
Chelsea ; Hon. Thomas E. Burnham, Haverhill ; Hon. Henry O. 
Fairbanks, Quincy ; Hon. James Pierce, Maiden ; Hon. Orrin J. 
Gurney, Newburyport ; Hon. Edward E. Thompson, Woburn ; 
Hon. William H. Hodgkins, Somerville. 

Selectmen : Messrs. John H. Dennis, Joseph B. Dunahue, Otis E. 
Smith, Rockport; Alfred S. Jewett, Benjamin S. Bullock, Edward 
S. Knight, Manchester ; E. Frank Stanwood, Enoch B. Kimball, 
Everett B. James, Essex; Walter E. Lord, Aaron Lord, George A. 
Schofield, Ipswich. 

Edward H. Lounsbury, Esq., Secretary Woburn Centennial Associa- 
tion ; Messrs. Charles E. Lincoln, Esq., President, Henry A. 
Pitman, Esq., Secretary, Somerville Semi-Centennial Association. 



1 82 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Dr. Miles Standish, Boston ; James E. Lester, Esq., Providence ; 
Henry S. Hovey, Esq., Barclay Tilton, Esq., William S. Eaton, 
Jr., Esq., Boston ; William A. Pew, Esq., Collector of Customs, 
Gloucester; Hon. Benjamin H. Corliss, James H. Mansfield, Esq., 
Postmaster, Hon. Charles P. Thompson, James Davis, Esq., Hon. 
Robert R. Fears, Hon. Allan Rogers, Hon. Joseph Garland, Hon, 
William H. Wonson, Hon. John S. Parsons, Hon. David I. Rob- 
inson, Gloucester; Rev. John L. R. Trask, D. D., Springfield; 
Messrs. Hiram Rich, Edward DoUiver, Henry Center, Leonard J. 
Presson, Alfred F. Stickney, Henry C. L, Haskell, Joseph O. 
Procter, Francis Procter, Sidney F. Haskell, and Dr. Thomas 
Conant, Gloucester. 

Aldermen : Messrs. Charles H. Gamage, Erastus Howes, Adam P. 
Stoddart, Archibald N. Donahue, Harvey C. Smith, Nathaniel 
Maddix, Jr., Percy W. Wheeler, Alvah Prescott, George H. 
Morton, Gloucester. 

Councilmen : George H. Martin, James W. Thomas, Percy W. Wheeler, 
Maurice F. Foley, Freeman H.Abbott, Samuel Smith, 2d, Wilham 
F. Moore, John A. Hawson, Silas S. Tarr, Joseph B. Maguire, 
Edward A. Story, Frank C. Parmenter, Francis Locke, Jr., 
Nathaniel Babson, Henry P. Dennen, B. Frank Ellery, G. Wallace 
Hayden, Alfred Thurston, John C. Hodgdon, Charles F. Young, 
Fred. A. Shackelford, Andrew B. Parsons, William F. Ireland, 
Edward S. Currier. 

SECOND DIVISION. 

Color, — White. 

Chief of Division. 

William H. Rider. 

Orderly. 

Alexander Morrison. 

Aids. 

Albert E. Robblee. Herman L. Lane. 

Benjamin C. Cook. Michael J. Connolly. 

Carleton H. Parsons. Major Dexter H. FoUett. 

Herman E. Pool. Samuel L. Merchant. 

Gloucester City Band. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 83 

Col. Allen Post, 45, G. A. R., Gloucester. 

Sidney Gardner, Commander. 

O. W. Wallace Post, 106, G. A. R., Rockport. 

Kearsarge Naval Veterans, Boston. 

Moses H. Cleaves, Commander. 

Taunton City Band. 
Massachusetts Division, Sons of Veterans. 

THIRD DIVISION. 
Red Men. 

Color, — Red. 

Chief of Division. 

Charles A. Russell. 

Chief of Staff. 

George Steele, Jr. 

Scout. 

Arthur H. Lovett. 

Aids. 

Seymour S. Hartwell. Benjamin T. McGlauflin. 

Freeman D. Hodgdon. Edward H. Brock. 

Richard A. Woodbury. Walter E. Lord. 

Henry Farrell. John D. Wentworth. 

George R. Spear. Sidney R. Harvey. 

Lyman H. Daniels. George W. Cleaves. 

James W. Titus. Willard H. Face. 

Aaron F. Clark. Frank H. Bassett. 

Fitz E. Griffin. James H. Bodge. 

William H. Brown. Benjamin H. Davidson. 

George W. Thompson. Benjamin Gebow. 

Salem Brass Band. 



1 84 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

First Sub-Division. 
Color, — Blue. 

Chief. 

WiNSLOw L. Webber. 

Aids. 

Gideon T. Cook. Frank T. Webber. 

Parker B. Howard. Levi L. Norwood. 

Perry B. Knowlton. William B. Johnson. 

Richardson's Winthrop Band. 

Wingausheek Tribe, No. 12, Gloucester. 

Clarence E. Brown, Maishal. 

Aids. 

Fred. M. Burnham. Joseph H. Hadley. 

John Smith. Frank B. Herrick. 

Float. 

National Guard Band, Boston. 

Wonasquam Tribe, No. 23, Rockport. 

Theodore L. Pool, Marshal. 

Aids. — William Hodgkins, Scott Geyer. 

Two Floats by Winnekoma Council Daughters of Pocahontas No. 41. 

1. William Parsons, Mrs. Hiram L. Sanborn, Mrs. Charles Saunders, 

Mrs. Melville Knowlton, Mrs. Charles B. Hall, Mrs. Charles Hodg- 
kins, Miss R. A. Young, Mrs. Charles Andrews, Miss Ida A. 
Andrews, Mrs. John S. Newman, Mrs. Sidney Currier, George H. 
Todd, driver. 

2. William T. Norwood, Miss Angle M. Lurvey, Mrs. Lydia K. Marge- 

son, Mrs. Annie M. Breen, Mrs. Myrtie W. Hutchins, Mrs. Hattie 
L. Morse, Miss Georgie C. Cummings, Miss Eudora G. Welsh ; 
Timothy Sheehan, Jr., driver. 

Ipswich Cornet Band. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 85 

Chebacco Tribe, No. 93, Ipswich. 

Phil[p E. Clark, Marshal. 
Aids. — Charles W. Appleton, Frank H. Stockwell. 

Ontario Tribe, No. 103, Wenham. 

Edward A. Wright, Maj-sJial. 

Great Chiefs and Executive Committee in Carriages. 

Carriage No. i. — Great Incohonee of the United States, Thomas K. 
Donnelly, of Philadelphia ; Great Sachem, Great Council of Mas- 
sachusetts, Hon. Alpheus E. Alger, of Cambridge ; Wilmot A. 
Reed, Chairman of the Executive Committee ; William Provin, of 
Westfield, Great Prophet. 

■Carriage No. 2. — Joel C. Tyler, of Leominster, Great Senior Saga- 
more ; Augustus P. Calder, of Boston, Great Junior Sagamore ; 
Henry S. McCuUoch, Gloucester, Secretary of Executive Com- 
mittee. 

Carriage No. 3. — J. Peter Gardner, of Danvers, Great Chief of 
Records ; Fred. Dobie, of Amesbury, Great Keeper of Wampum ; 
Samuel P. Tenney, of Chelsea, Great Sannap ; William H. Kemp, 
of Gloucester, Treasurer of Executive Committee. 

Other Carriages. — Great Representatives Fred. O. Downes, of Bos- 
ton, William T. Litchman, of Marblehead, Willard C. Van Derlip, 
of Boston, William Scampton, of Danvers ; Great Guard of Wig- 
wam, Edwin F. Whittier, of Worcester ; Great Guard of Forest, 
Walter F. Butts, of Waltham ; Great Mishinewa, William A. 
Blossom, of Boston. 

Second Sub- Division. 
Color, — Orange. 

Chief of Division. 

Daniel S. Chase. 

Aids. 

Carlton T. Weaver. Elias White, Jr. 

Elbridge H. Lufkin. Herbert H. Wallace. 

Edward S. Kimball. Herbert K. Sargent. 

Excelsior Drum Corps. 



I 86 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Manataug Tribe, No. I , Marblehead. 

William P. Balcom. Marshal. 

Salem Brass Band. 

Naumkeag Tribe, No. 3, Salem. 

Joseph H. Hav, Marshal. 

Masconomo Tribe, No. 1 1 , Peabody. 

(Parading with Naumkeag.) 

National Drum Corps. 

Chickataubut Tribe, No. 13, Beverly. 

Robert Robertson, Marshal. 

Passaquoi Tribe, No. 27, Haverhill. 



Third Sub- Division. 
Color, — Green. 

Chief of Division. 

JosiAH Wilson. 

Aids. 

Charles W. Wilson. Stephen R. Kearney. 

J. Clarence Wilson. 

Lynn Cadet Band. 

Sagamore Tribe, No. 2, Lynn. 

William W. Aldrich, Marshal. 

Union Drum Corps. 

Taratine Tribe, No. 24, Swampscott. 

Horace Vivian, Marshal. 

Thomson- Houston Band. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 87 

Winnepurkit Tribe, No. 55, Glenmere, Lynn. 

William H. Crane, Marshal. 

First Regiment Drum Corps. 

Nanapashemet Tribe, No. 82, West Lynn. 

James J. Sullivan, Marshal. 

Poquanum Tribe, No. 105, Lynn. 

E. G. Curtis, Marshal. 

Unattached Red Men (mounted). 



FOURTH DIVISION. 

Color, — Lavender. 

Chief of Division. 

Samuel W. Brown. 

Aids. 

E. Archer Bradley. Lyman Hapgood. 

Charles W. Brown. Moses S. Babson. 

Frank Rowe. Frank Parsons. 

Loren H. Nauss. George B. Pierce. 

Fred. A. Fisher. Hugh W. Parkhurst. 

Elmer W. Babson. John A. Cole. 

Agawam Band, Ipswich. 

Constantine Lodge, Knights of Pythias, No. 68. 

Peter Anderson, Marshal. 

Vasca Da Gama Band. 

Acoriana Society. 

Manuel Balcomb, Marshal. 

Riverdale Brass Band. 

Carpenters' Union. 

Horace Davis, Marshal. 



1 88 TIVO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH AXNIVERSARY 

Juvenile Naval Battalion. 

Captain, Company A, John Ropper. 
Captain, Company B, Thomas Cosgrove. 

Committee of Knights of Labor in Carriages. 

Charles A. Brown, Geoffrey Fanton, Albert A. Holland, Henry Lupus 

John Heaney. William R3'an. 



FIFTH DIVISION. 

Massachusetts Catholic Order of Foresters. 

Color, — Greex. 

Chief of Division. 
Charles O'Brien. 

Chief of Staff. 
Patrick J. Foley. 

Aids. 

John F. Kelly. William J. Brown. 

James O'Neill. Thomas Gorman. 

Edward H. Higgins. Joseph B. Carberry. 

West Gloucester Band. 

St. Anne's Court, No. 47, Gloucester. 
Philip F. Moore, Comtnander. 

5t. Margaret's Court, No. 68, Beverly Farms. 
Edward H. Higgess, Commander. 

Bass River Court, No. 30, Beverly. 
Peter M. Riord.\x, Commander. 

Lafayette Band, Salem. 

Essex Court, .No. 16, Salem. 

James J. Murphv, Commander. 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 89 

Emerald Court, No, 53, Peabody. 

James B. Carbrey, Commander. 

Salem Cadet Band. 

Lafayette Court, No. 14, Lynn. 

]\IiCHAEL S. Keenan, Coiiwiander. 

Qeorge Washington Court, No. 85, West Lynn. 

Edward \^^ Shaxn'ahax, Commander. 

Invited Guests in Carriages. 

Hon. Owen A. Galvin, Boston ; Hon. John P. Dore, Boston ; Rev. 
Hugh Roe O'Donnell, East Boston ; James J. McLaughlin, Esq., 
Boston ; James F. Supple, Esq., Boston ; Charles A. Murray, 
Esq., Newton; John C. Hayes, Esq., Lynn; Dr. Joseph D. 
Gouch, Somerville ; John H. Watson, Esq., Beverly; Jeremiah G. 
Tennessey, Esq., Boston ; Rev. Thomas Tobin, Rockport. 



SIXTH DIVISION. 

Color, — Purple. 

Chief of Division. 

Austin B. Bray. 

Aids. 

Willie B. Bray. Charles S. Marchant. 

W. Arthur B. Smith. Frank P. T. Logan. 

Frank Miller. Simpson Lyle. 

Sumner F. Quimby. Benjamin F. Witham. 

John Q. Benn tt. Walter Cressy. 
Charles H. Cleaves. 

Lynn Brass Band. 

Diana Temple, No. 2, Rathbone Sisters (,in carriages). 

Committee: Mrs. Alden C. Brown, Mrs. Henry O. Smith, 3d, Mrs. 
Charles W. Parrott, Mrs. Fitz W. Blatchford. 



I90 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Four Floats, Tableaux Illustrating Historical Events. 

I. The Landing of Champlain. 

A float ten by twenty feet ; twelve characters, representing the Landing 
of Champlain, in 1606, at LeBeauport, now Gloucester. Cham- 
plain in appropriate costume, his officers, P'rench sailors, and 
Indians with appropriate settings. 

2. Dramatic Scene at Stage Fort in 1625. 

The Dorchester Company were here under Conant. The Pilgrims also 
established a base of fishing operations at Stage Fort for the fish- 
eries. For some reason or other a party in England opposed 
the Pilgrims in their fishing operations. Accordingly, a ship 
under command of Captain Hewes was dispatched from England 
and landed at Stage Fort, seized the Pilgrims' stage, and intrenched 
themselves behind a barricade of hogsheads. Miles Standish, sum- 
moned from Plymouth, appeared on the scene and demanded that 
the usurpers surrender. This Hewes refused to do, and bloodshed 
seemed imminent, when Roger Conant appears in the capacity of 
arbitrator and proposed a compromise, which was adopted, by 
which each party maintained its stage. This was fittingly repre- 
sented by twelve men, 

3. Signing the Deed of Cape Ann. 

Representing the signing of the deed of the land of Cape Ann by 
Samuel English, Indian, who claimed the Cape by right of descent. 
This was shown appropriately by three selectmen attired in Puritan 
costume, English being attired as an Indian chief, with a com- 
panion, in front of a log cabin, with table, ink horn, etc. 

4. Gloucester in the Revolution. 

An allegorical presentation representing Gloucester in the Revolution, 
the decorations of which were red, white, and blue. The Goddess 
of Liberty, George Washington, a soldier and sailor, typical of 
Gloucester's efforts in the struggle for freedom, was shown with 
the necessary fittings. 

All the boats were drawn by four horses, each led by men attired as 
knights. Every effort had been made to procure correct costumes 
of the periods in question, the services of one of the best cos- 
tumers in the country having been secured. 



1 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 191 

Nineteen Floats, School Children. 

I. A Patriotic Scene, — Our Country. 
Group of twenty girls, bearing various devices, in the shelter of a 
canopy supported by columns, twined with the national colors. 
Festoons of bunting connect the columns and encircle the group. 

2. The Nation Dawns, — Sons of Liberty. 
Group of twenty boys, bearing banners and gold and silver stars, 
emblematic of the hope and promise of the young repubUc. A 
pillared canopy shelters the group. 

3. Progress of Self Dependence, — Development of the Flags. 
Pyramid decked with boys and girls bearing banners. Upon the base 

are the earliest banners of colonial days. The successive steps 
reveal the changes of later time, while over all and crowning the 
apex is "The Star Spangled Banner." 

4. Glimpse into the Past, — Domestic Life Two Hundred and 

Fifty Years Ago. 
A living room in Puritanic days. The fire-place with high mantel 
appears, while fire arms are suspended upon the wall in readiness 
against time of danger. Characteristic furniture and employment 
fill out the scene. 

5. The Nation's Hope, — Young America. 
A canopy, draped in colors and festoons, sheltered and protected a 
group of young children, the future guards of the Republic. The 
children bore stars and banners. 

6. A Scene from Actual Life, — "Our Best Catch." 
A description of this tableau was in order after the exhibition. 

7. The Guiding Hand, — The Temple of Freedom. 
Upon the Chair of State, beneath a pillared canopy, sat the Goddess of 
Liberty. Front of the temple stood Uncle Sam, watched over by 
the Goddess, as he looks meditatively into the future. Between 
the pillars sat representatives of the various virtues which are the 
strength of the nation. 

8. Our Colors, — The Stars and Stripes. 
The sentiment of loyalty to our Republic, represented by a group of 
twenty little girls, bearing gold stars and banners, encircled by 
festoons of bunting. 



192 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

9. Our Sea-Girt Home, — A Gloucester Sketch. 

A seashore scene. The sea appears with the beach and rocky back- 
ground. Upon the beach children are sporting in the sand. 

10. Our Earliest Visitors, — The Northmen. 

A characteristic boat of northern architecture with its master at the bow 
and pilot at the helm bears its crew armed with shields and 
weapons, as it plows its way through the unknown waters to the 
strange land. 

II. A Holiday Sketch, — Loyalty to the Colors. 

Group of twenty-six boys exhibits a lesson in love of flag and country^ 
with banners and patriotic devices. 

12. The Country's Foundation, — the Ship of State. 

A ship plowing the blue sea bears on her sails the emblems of her 
strength and safety. Upon the deck is her crew who sail under 
the banners inscribed above them, and become invisible bulwarks 
of defence. 

13. A Reminiscence, — The Boys of '61. 

An open tent reveals the soldiers' quarters. Before the tent is a camp 
scene of stacked arms, groups of soldiers, camp-fire, and colors 
on a staff. 

14. Excelsior, — Silver, Gold, and Diamonds. 
Faith in our future, illustrated by a group of twenty small children. 

15. Gloucester, — The Old World and the New. 

Beneath a many-pillared canopy, Gloucester, England, gives greeting 
to her American namesake. The characters were illustrated by 
suggestive costume. 

16. Types, — A Review. 
A resume of the costumes of the periods of our history. 

17. Our Guiding Star, — The Spirit of Cape Ann. 

Upon a raised dais stands the spirit before a huge shell. Her right 
hand rests upon an anchor, her left upon the raised oar. In the 
foreground extends the sea, bordered by a rocky shore. 




FLOATS. — Sehooi Cliildreii ^(iraiHl I'liiade). 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 193 

18. A Picture of a Long Ago, — A Sketch of Faith. 

Group of thirty girls dressed in white and wreathed in headdresses of 
green. 

19. A Realistic Scene, — The Voyage of Life. 
A boat containing a group of little girls engaged in the pleasures of 
childhood. A dove, typical of innocence, nestles amid flowers, 
at the bow. In the stern are two girls at study in pursuit of 
knowledge. 

SEVENTH DIVISION. 
TRADES. 

Chief of Division. 

William T. Merchant. 

Patriarchs Militant Band, from Steamer "New York." 

Boston and Gloucester Steamboat Company, three teams : 

First team, different kinds of Fish, driven by Frank Mess. 
Second team, Mellen's Food, driven by Leonard Cook. 
Third team, Cured Fish Products,' driven by Henry B. Hamilton. 
These teams furnished by Willis C. Bray, Boston. 

William G. Brown & Co., Dry Goods, one team, driven by Frank Bar- 
ber, with outrider, Herbert Stacy. 

Frank O. Griffin, four-horse team. Lumber, Burton McKenzie, driver. 

James A. Burnham, barge, " Houses for Sale." 

L. D. Lothrop, one team. Fishing Tackle, Antone Silva, driver. 

Seth L. Cole & Son, one team. Florist Display, John H. Gilmore, driver. 

Pulcifer & Witham, one team, Grocers, Edward Lufkin, driver. 

Tarr's Isinglass Company, one team, James E. Pinkham, driver. 

Griffin & Co., one team, Wood and Coal, William N. Griffin, driver. 

Thomas H. Hunt, one team. Furniture, George H. Tarr, driver. 

Blatchford Brothers, one team. Soda Waters, Gilman B. Blatchford, 

driver. 



194 '^^O HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

B. Haskell Sons, five teams, Groceries, Loring B. Haskell, Cornelius F. 
Strong, James T. Frost, Charles C. Canning, Roscoe Saunders, 
drivers. 

Stovene Oil Polish Company, Newmarket, N. H., one team, Fred. H. 

Carr, driver. 

George J- Tarr Company, one team. Oils, John F. Brooks, driver. 

Leonard's Dock and Dandelion Bitters Company, Lynn, one team. 

Haswell's Photographic Studio, Salem, one team. 

Osman Babson, one team, Milk from Pearce Farm. 

Fernwood Lake Ice Company, four teams. Ice ; James E. Lovett, 
Parker M. Howe, Wallace Malonson, Harry Reed, drivers. 

Cole Brothers, one team, Plumbers; John M. Cole, driver. 

Singer Machine Company, two teams ; L. S. Downes, Edward F. 

Holly, drivers. 

Charles S. Tappan, four teams. Clothing. 

Butman & French, two teams, Dry Goods. 

Stacy's Clothing Store, one team, Fred H. Batchelder, driver. 

Ferdinand's Blue Store, Boston Highlands, one team, Furniture ; 
Joseph Queeney, driver, 

George Todd, one team ; Patrick Sweeney, driver. 

After the parade was dismissed, the different mihtary and civic 
organizations taking part went to various halls, church vestries, and 
lofts where lunch was served. By two o'clock every one had passed in 
review. The Mayor entertained a large number of distinguished guests 
at an elaborate luncheon at City Hall. 

The men from the ships of war received magnificent ovations 
everywhere. It had been intended to give them a spread before 
they returned to their ships, but on account of the severe storm it was 
omitted. Soon after the various spreads were over, people began to 



I 



UF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



195 



return home, but it was long 
Boston-bound pulled out of the 
The Committee on Parade 

William H. Jordan. 
Jonas H. French. 
Charles A. Russell. 
William H. Rider. 
Benjamin F. Cook. 
Austin B. Bray. 
Charles C. Cressy. 
David O. Frost. 
George Morse. 
John C. Pierce. 
Addison P. Burnham. 
William H, Perkins. 
Herbert C. Taft. 



after midnight before the last train 

station. 

were : — 

Joseph C. Shepherd. 
William T. Merchant. 
Samuel W. Brown, 
Thomas Conant. 
David B. Smith. 
Warren A. Bennett. 
William A. Homans, Jr. 
William W. French, 
Charles W. Crowe, 
Richard P. O'Reilly. 
Frank A. Wonson. 
John E. Thurston. 
Geor2;e H. Procter. 



THE HISTORICAL TABLEAUX. 

In the parade no feature attracted more attention than the five 
floats illustrating prominent events in Gloucester's history. The com- 
mittee having charge of them were very fortunately selected. Upon 
the chairman, Mr. James R. Pringle, devolved much labor, and many 
hours did he give to his task. As the later historian of Gloucester, and 
on that account thoroughly acquainted with the many events which 
made its history, Mr. Pringle brought to the work enthusiasm that 
guaranteed success, and executive ability of a high order. The tab- 
leaux were correct in even the minutest detail, and all the points of 
scenery, costume, and make-up were carefully carried out. The result 
obtained justified the arduous labor he cheerfully gave to his task. 

The committee were : — 



James R. Pringle. 
George Steele, Jr. 
Winslow L. Webber. 
Archibald N. Donahue. 
Fitz E. Oakes, Jr. 
Howard F. IngersoU. 
James Crawley. 
John J. Somes. 



Mrs. Mary P. Lloyd. 

Mrs. Charles F. Wonson. 

Benjamin C. Cook. 

Chester Marr. 

Charles E. Story. 

Mrs. Eva T. Cook. 

Mrs. William J. Maddocks. 



196 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



THE SCHOOL CHILDREN. 

Upon the principal of the Sawyer Grammar School, Mr. Zenophon 
D. Tingley, devolved the task of preparing from the children of the 
public schools suitable tableaux. That he did w^ell the work imposed, 
the enthusiasm which the children aroused in the parade well showed. 
Co-operating with him were many of the teachers, and right cheerfully 
and willingly did they give of their time and labor. The nineteen 
floats were well conceived, the ideas well carried out, and the bright and 
happy faces of the well-dressed boys and girls illustrating prominent 
and patriotic events and ideas will long remain a pleasant memory to 
those privileged to see them. 

The committee were : — 



Zenophon D. Tingley. Miss 

Charles H. Gamage. Miss 

Freeman Putney. Miss 

Albert W. Bachelor. Miss 

Herbert C. Taft. Miss 

Albert W. Clarke. Miss 

Miss Isabel D. Balson. Miss 

Miss Ida M. Upham. Miss 

Miss Mary H. Tibbets. Miss 

Miss Susanne S. Center. Miss 

Miss Carrie W. Sawyer. Miss 

Miss Jennie F. Steele. Miss 

Miss Mary F. Duffy. Mrs. 

Miss Ida M. Procter. Mrs. 
Miss Mary S. Priestly. 



Honora Lane. 
Hattie E. Wheeler. 
Mary C. Whalen. 
Katie J. Fardy. 
Martha A. Morey. 
Bertha Lane. 
Isabelle N. Kennedy. 
Annie S. Millard. 
Annie S. Webber. 
Ida E. Wonson. 
A. Maude Bray. 
Annie M. Lakeman. 
Clara Benton. 
Mary P. Lloyd. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 97 



MAYOR'S LUNCHEON. 



AT the close of the Parade, the Mayor, Hon. Asa G. Andrews, gave 
an elaborate luncheon at the City Hall to a large number of 
invited guests, city ofificials, and others. It proved a most pleasing 
incident and was much enjoyed. Brief speeches were made by the 
Mayor, Hon. John Piatt, of Gloucester, England, Hon. John W. True, 
New Gloucester, Me., William H. Jordan, Esq., chairman Executive 
Committee and chief marshal, and others. 

It was hoped that the Hon. James Piatt, of Gloucester, England? 
would be present, but official duties preventing, he sent his son, John 
Piatt, Esq., to represent him and the municipality. At the formal 
banquet of Wednesday it was expected that Mr. Piatt would respond 
to the toast to " Old Gloucester" ; the lateness of the hour prevented, 
but at this luncheon Mr. Piatt took occasion to make a most felicitous 
speech in reply to the greeting of the Mayor, as follows : — 

Mr. Mayor, Ladies., and Geutlenten : 1 felt very much honored when 
asked by my native city of Gloucester, England, to be present on their behalf 
at your annual celebration. I little thought when coming that your city would 
present such a magnificent spectacle as it does. You are to be congratulated 
on the very tasty way in which the decorations have been carried out and 
upon the successful issue of your plans. Old Gloucester sends her greeting 
to the fair city of the same name in New England, and asks you, Mr. Mayor, 
to accept from her on behalf of your city, this album of views as a memento 
of the occasion. They have all been specially taken, and an endeavor was 
made to get together as representative a set as possible. You will find the 
grand old cathedral in all its magnificence shown from many points of view ; 
also many of the old houses for which the city was once famous. Alas, too 
many of them have had to make way for the march of modern improvements. 
The views of the large works and manufacturing establishments will show you 
that your namesake is not standing still. My father, who has visited this city 
several times, asked me to say how sorry he was not to have been able to 
accept your kind invitation to take part in the festivities, but his loss has been 
my gain. Again, in the name of the old city, I give you good greeting and 
trust your future will be even brighter than your glorious past. 

At the conclusion of his remarks he presented Mayor Andrews for 
the city a handsome illuminated album bound in Russia leather, con- 
taining many views of Gloucester, England, and portraits of her Mayor, 
council, and prominent officials, bearing a massive silver plate on which 
engraved are the words " View of Gloucester, England, 1892." Inside 
in exquisitely colored lettering is the inscription, " Presented by the 



198 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

citizens of Gloucester, England, to the citizens of Gloucester, Mass., 
U. S. A., on the 250th anniversary of the incorporation of the town, 
August, 1892." The album is an elegant and substantial book, 
and has been placed in the Mayor's office, City Hall. His Honor, 
Mayor Andrews, briefly accepted the gift with kind words of felicitous 
appreciation. 

Following the Mayor, Hon. John W. True, of New Gloucester, 
Maine, spoke briefly, as follows, and closed by presenting the resolu- 
tions adopted by the citizens of New Gloucester in town meeting 
assembled. 

Toast : " New Gloucester, our daughter, once a wilderness, now 
blossoming as a rose." 

Responded to by John W. True, Chairman Selectmen of New 
Gloucester : — 

Mr. President : It is with pleasure that we respond to this sentiment 
for the sons and daughters of New Gloucester. They rejoice with you on 
this occasion. They recall the one hundred and fifty-seven years since their 
township was granted to the citizens of Cape Ann, and that with a prompt 
and unanimous voice called the same New Gloucester. For forty years the 
township was under the fostering care of the Proprietors, who were among 
your best citizens. In 1774, we became a town. Her troubles were then 
over. The wilderness was fast giving way to the encroachments of civiliza- 
tion. The savages of the forest were driven back, her stockade was in dis- 
use, her meeting-house was built and a learned pastor settled, schools were 
organized, and all the things which make for peace were well under way. 
Her years since have been full of prosperity. She ever recalls her pioneer. 
In 1874, we celebrated the centenary of our town organization. On that 
occasion your city was nobly represented by the late Hon. John J. Babson, 
whose presence and fitting speech are gratefully remembered. Gloucester by 
the sea is our mother, and New Gloucester, among beautiful hills and inter- 
vales, has no desire to disown her. AVe rejoice in it. Recently our citizens 
assembled and in heartiness expressed themselves in words of congratulation 
in regard to your two hundred and fiftieth anniversary and this magnificent 
occasion. We liave a mutual and filial pride. Our earlier family names and 
ties were in common. With you we can send greetings to Gloucester in old 
England, and with you share her congratulations. Sincerely and in affection, 
the town, once a wilderness, now blossoming as the rose, salutes Gloucester 
by the sea. 

THE DAUGHTER SENDS GREETING TO THE MOTHER. 

The citizens of New Gloucester, in mass meeting assembled, 
passed by unanimous vote the following preamble and resolutions. 
The secretary of the meeting was directed to forward a copy to John 
J. Somes, chairman of Committee on Invitations : — 




ALIUTM, 

.resented by Mayor ami Town Council, 

(iloucester, England. 



p 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 1 99 

Whereas., We ever felt an abiding interest in the town of Gloucester, 
in the old Commonwealth of Massachusetts, intensified at the present time 
by the near approach of its two hundred and fiftieth anniversary, a town 
from which our own derived its name, and from whence many of our 
ancestors came, 

Therefore^ We resolve hereby, as a filial daughter, to send greeting to 
the old mother town on her anniversary day and to express the great admi- 
ration we feel in her past and present prosperity. 

Though her municipal life spans two hundred and fifty years, she seems 
to show no signs of approaching age. Her form is not bent with the weight 
of misspent years ; no wrinkles of wrong-doing furrow her brow ; her 
feet seem to tread no moss-grown paths ; her arm is neither weakened or 
shortened in its ability for great endeavors ; the hum of business along her 
wharves and in her busy streets is not the moan of approaching decay, but 
rather the joyous merriment of the youthful maiden surrounded by the good 
things of earth, and with a mind filled with the noblest aspirations for the 
future. 

We rejoice that the old mother-town long since outgrew the modest 
habiliments of town government and was enabled to clothe herself in more 
imposing garments such as became a great and prosperous city. We rejoice 
in her material and intellectual growth and in the success which has attended 
her every effort in the uplifting of humanity. 

We love with reverence the mighty ledges of Cape Ann and the green 
fields of Essex, for they were pressed by the feet of many of the noblest 
men and women in the days of their youthful glee, who wrought out for us 
in the wilderness the town in which we feel a pardonable pride. 

We resolve again to renew our greetings and to send our warmest con- 
gratulations to the city of Gloucester on its auspicious anniversary day, and 
to declare the assurance we feel that old Gloucester town, though now a 
city, is yet far from having reached its maturity, and that great as has been 
the success that has crowned her efforts in the past, when another two 
hundred and fifty years have rolled their course, it will be found that intel- 
ligence and enterprise have continued to direct her councils, and that she 
will be able to show greater development in every department of human 
progress. 

Otis C. Nelson, Chairman. 
James M. Thompson, Secretary. 
New Gloucester, Aug. 22, 1892. 

The entire affair was a fitting close to the day's parade, and was 
much appreciated by those privileged to be present. The Mayor 
proved a most admirable and charming host. The lunch was finely 
served, and reflected credit upon the caterer. 



200 nvo HUNDRED A.VD FIFTIETH ANVIVERSARY 

THE ANNIVERSARY BALL. 



^HE anniversary reception and baU at City HaU, on Thursday 
i evening, was a brilliant social success. As originaUy planned it 
was to have taken place in the big tent on the Stage Fort grounds, but 
the severe storm made a change in the plans imperative. The hail was 
beautifully decorated with palms, flowers, and bunting. Two huadred 
coupks were present on the floor and many people ffUed the balcony 
The Lynn Brass Band stationed in the front balcony furnished 
music for promenading, and the Baldwin Cadet Orchestra stationed on 
the stage furnished that for dancing. 

From eight till nine, the Governor received in the Mayor's room 
Promptly at nine o'clock dancing commenced and the baU did not 
close until long after midnight. 

\ 1 

MANAGERS. ' j 

William A. Homass^ Jr., Floor Director. \ 

John H. Dunnels and Howabd Steele, Assistant Floor Directors. ' 

Aids. 

Asa G. Andrews. WHbur F. Locke. 

Edward P. Ring. Richard C. Steele. 

Preston Friend. Ralph W. Perkins. 

John S. Bresson. Albert P. Balson. 

Joseph H. Rowe. E. Everett Webster. 

Enoch Burnham. Frank F. Smith. 

Robert T. Babson. Addison P. Burnham. 

Thomas L. Tarr. Fred. A, Barker. 
Benjamin A. Hotchkiss. Benjamin A. Smith. 

Cornelius Coakley. Leonard J. Bresson. 

.teon C. Lloyd. Charles S. Tappan. 

Everett Babson. Edward DoUiver. 



William T. Cunningham. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 20I 



RECEPTION COMMITTEE. 

Hon. Asa G. Andrews, Chairman. 

Preston Friend, William A. Romans, Jr. 

Edward Dolliver. Charles S. Tappan. 

Fred. A. Barker. Addison P. Burnham. 

Edward P. Ring. Frank F. Smith. 

William T. Shute. E. Everett Webster. 

Thomas L, Tarr. John H. Dunnels. 

John S. Presson. William T. Cunningham. 

ORDER OF DANCES. 

March and Circle. 

Waltz. 

Quadrille, Plain. Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary. 

SCHOITISCHE. 

Lanciers. The Governor. 

Polka. 

Portland Fancy. 

Intermission. 

Waltz. Schottische. Galop. 

Quadrille, Plain. Our Mayor. 

Quadrille, Fancy Medley. 

Quadrille, Plain. Fourth of July Committee. 

Waltz. 

Between the numbers there was promenade music. 

Among the many distinguished guests were Governor Russell, 
and General Dalton, General Donahue, Colonel Cunningham, Colonel 
Russell, Colonel Carter, and Colonel Vincent of his staff ; Rear Ad- 
miral Gherardi, with Captain Barker, Captain Sicard, Captain White, 
Lieutenants Shroeder, VanDusen, Fremont, Colman, Hubbard, Hart- 
ney, Smith, Griffin, Hunt, Ensign Bostwick, Cadets McGraun, Grass, 
Smith, and Reed, from the warships in the harbor. 

The ball card and order of dances were very tasty, and on its 
front cover bore a half tone picture of Gloucester Harbor. 

An elaborate collation was served throughout the entire evening in 
^he council chamber. 



202 



TPFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 



BALL COMMITTEE. 



William A. Homans, Jr. 
Sylvester Cunningham. 
Asa G. Andrews. 
John H. Dunnels. 
Howard Steele. 
Edward P. Ring. 
Preston Friend. 
John S. Presson. 
Joseph H. Rowe. 
Enoch Burnham. 
Robert T. Babson. 
Thomas L. Tarr. 
Benjamin A. Hotchkiss. 
Cornelius Coakley. 
Aaron C. Lloyd. 

Albert P. 



Edward Dolliver. 
Leonard J. Presson. 
Fred A. Barker. 
Benjamin A. Smith. 
Frank F. Smith. 
Ralph W. Perkins. 
Frank C. Parmenter. 
Richard C. Steele. 
William T. Shute. 
William T. Cunningham. 
Wilbur F. Locke. 
Everett Babson. 
Charles S. Tappan. 
Addison P. Burnham. 
E. Everett Webster. 
Babson. 



^ritoB, ^UQixst 26. 



Morning. Fishermen's Race for Hovey Cup. 
Afternoon. Regatta in Gloucester Harbor. 
Evening. Fireworks Display off Stage Fort, 



FISHERMEN'S RACE, YACHTING, FIREWORKS. 



FRIDAY, the closing day of the celebration, was given over to the 
fishermen's race, yachting, and, in the evening, fireworks. The 
events of the day had been planned to be the culmination of Anniver- 
sary week. Had the weather been pleasant, the crowds of people 
present would have taxed the resources of the city to the utmost. 
Thousands of people wanted to witness the race for the Hovey cup 
between the flyers of the fishing fleet. No other town or city cele- 
brating its two hundred and fiftieth anniversary could offer an event so 
unique as that. Then the liberal prizes offered in the yachting events 
had called together a star fleet of racers from all over New England. 
But the day was not pleasant. Far from it. The severe storm of 
Thursday afternoon did not spend its energy until late Friday after- 
noon. A howling northeasterly gale with wind and rain, and rain and 
wind. To those who had come to see the celebration through, the 
storm did not dampen the enthusiasm, however. 



THE FISHERMEN'S RACE. 



WRITTEN BY ARTHUR L. MILLETT. 



Perhaps the event of the anniversary celebration which most dis- 
tinctively bore the true flavor of Gloucester and her people, was the 
great fishermen's race for the handsome silver trophy so generously 
contributed by Commodore Henry S. Hovey, of the Eastern Yacht 
Club, a sunnner resident, well known, and with an intense liking for 
yachting, both in the pleasure and racing lines. 

For many months before, even while the committees were strug- 
gling with the outline of the three days of rejoicing, it was virtually 
agreed that a race between the pick of the fishing fleet, the " flying 
fishermen," so called, should be one of the leading features of the 
celebration, and working up from this came the almost endless but 
necessary arrangements for what proved to be one of the greatest 
contests ever sailed on water. 

For years after, and even now, we find yachting men and experts 

205 



206 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

comparing the particularly severe weather conditions under which some 
race was sailed, with that of the memorable August 26, 1892, when, in 
the midst of an extra heavy sea and a living gale of wind, the best of 
Gloucester's big fleet thrashed through the waters of Massachusetts 
Bay under a pressure of canvas which caused the few hardy spectators 
to look on in silent wonder. 

Never before, or since, has a race been contested in the face of 
such a wind and sea. Seldom, if ever, has sail-carrying, such as was 
seen in this event from start to finish, been equalled. From a novice's 
point of view it was wonderful. From the standpoint of a master 
mariner or fisherman, it simply showed that these crafts were what has 
always been claimed for them, the staunchest in the world. 

No words can exaggerate this anniversary race of the Gloucester 
fishing vessels. All who saw it agreed that it was a wonderful perform- 
ance, and the foremost yachting editors and reporters who, from 
judges' boat and special tugs, viewed the contest from start to finish, 
used columns of space in describing it and praising not only the 
extraordinary weatherly qualities of the vessels, but the hardihood and 
skill of the men who sailed them. 

One of the leading yachting writers of the country, who has wit- 
nessed nearly every yachting contest of note for twenty-five years or 
more, viewed the race from his special tug and thus wrote of it : " The 
vessels certainly were getting ready to start in conditions never before 
seen by the writer. True, the weather was ugly and dirty when the 
'Puritan 'and ' Priscilla ' sailed their great race off Newport in 1885, 
but it was not so savage as yesterday, neither was the sea as nasty, and 
this is saying considerable." 

Friday, Aug. 26, the appointed day of the race, opened chill and 
drear, with a pouring rain and a very heavy northeast wind, much to 
the disappointment of thousands who had figured upon witnessing the 
race from shore and excursion crafts. But there was no postpone- 
ment. The committee was ready to start the race and the skippers 
and crews were willing, even anxious, to sail. 

The judges' boat, the tug " Wesley A. Gove," with the committee, 
newspaper correspondents, and invited guests, was early outside Eastern 
Point and pitching about so as to drive the party to the house deck to 
escape drenching. The course was a long and hard one, being from 
the starting hue between the judges' boat and the Eastern Point 
whistling buoy, to a mark boat off Nahant, leaving Halfway Rock to 
port, thence to Davis' Ledge, off Minot's Ledge lighthouse, and thence 
to the finish line, a triangular course measuring forty-one miles. 



\ 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 20/ 

By ten o'clock most of the contestants were outside of the harbor, 
and, despite the raging northeaster, not one had a reef point tied on 
any sail ; they were bound to carry whole sail to the finish. It was a 
grand sight as they manoeuvred about, first on one tack then on the 
other, and every now and then coming up in the wind, while this or 
that halyard was swayed up or slacked a little and every sheet was 
properly trimmed. 

The sound of the whistle on the judges' boat at eleven o'clock 
announced the start of the race of the century. The big craft had five 
minutes to cross the line and have their time taken before being handi- 
capped, while their smaller sisters in the second class were to start five 
minutes later. 

Capt, John McDonald, since lost, put the schooner " James G. 
Blaine" over in the lead at 11.01.26, the other crafts crossing as 
follows : — 



Schr. 


" Ethel B. Jacobs " 


II. 01.35 


Schr. 


" James S. Steele" 


11.03.05 


Schr. 


"Joseph Rowe" 


11.03.30 


Schr. 


"Harry L. Belden" .... 


11.04.20 


Schr. 


"Nannie C. Bohlin" .... 


11.05.25 


Schr. 


"Grayling" 


• II-05-35 



The two latter crafts were handicapped twenty-five and thirty-five 
seconds respectively. 

The first leg of the course was a run before the wind ; and while 
the big boats were getting well on their course, the smaller crafts were 
starting, the "Lottie S. Haskins " crossing at 11.09.25, followed at 
11.09.35 by the "Caviare," with the "Elsie F. Rowe," starting at 
1 1. 10. 30. Like the larger crafts, these market boats carried all sail 
and would not think of reefing. 

Before Halfway Rock was reached the " Ethel B. Jacobs " had 
secured the lead and was fairly flying toward the Nahant mark. The 
" Joseph Rowe " had moved up to second place, followed by the 
" James G. Blaine," " Harry L. Belden," " James S. Steele," " Nannie 
C. Bohlin," and "Grayling," in the order named. All the time, since 
morning, the wind had been increasing, and by noon was blowing 
thirty-five or forty miles an hour, and some competent judges placed 
its velocity even greater than these figures. 

So thick was it that the racers had hard work to pick up the 
Nahant mark. The " Ethel B. Jacobs " went wide of the stake boat, 
and in jibing over to round the mark and start off on the second leg. 



208 TIFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

she had the misfortune to break her main gaff, so that her big mainsail 
was useless, and this speedy craft, which was a favorite with many, was 
forced to withdraw. When the accident happened she had a splendid 
lead. 

Down for the Nahant mark came the other crafts, running on the 
big seas with their decks awash. Most of them profited by the lesson 
of the " Jacobs' " accident, and all were more careful in jibing around 
the mark. The "Joseph Rowe " was, after the "Jacobs," the first 
boat around the mark and off on the reach across. The " Harry L. 
Belden " came next, then the " Nannie C. Bohlin " with the " James S. 
Steele " and " Grayling " just astern. 

On the reach across to Davis' Ledge the " Belden," which had 
been steadily gaining, passed the " Rowe " and took the lead and was 
the first to tack around the mark and start on the dead beat to windward 
for the finish line. The "Joseph Rowe" was a good second at this 
mark with the " Nannie C. Bohlin," third, and the "James S. Steele," 
fourth, the "GrayHng " and " James G. Blaine " having given up the 
contest. 

And now, while the big fellows are racing for home, let us follow 
the smaller class along. The "Lottie S. Haskins," "Caviare," and 
" Elsie F. Rowe " were all well-known crafts and good sailors, and the 
captain of each was anxious to land the prize. After the start these 
boats sailed on surprisingly even terms. At Halfway Rock the " Has- 
kins" was ahead, but had gained but little on the " Rowe." The latter 
craft was struck by a heavy sea which threw her up in the wind, and 
for a few seconds she lay in the trough of the sea while several waves 
broke over her before she gathered headway. At this time the " Has- 
kins " drew away and the "Caviare " came up with the " Rowe." The 
former rounded the Nahant mark ahead, followed by the " Caviare " 
and the " Rowe " in the order named. On the reach across, it was 
great race, the " Rowe " passing the " Caviare " and taking second] 
place once more, while the " Haskins " rounded the Davis' Ledge) 
mark still ahead. ■ 

And now all were on the beat home, the hardest and most trying 
leg of all the rough course. The big vessels all stood in on the shore 
tack looking for smoother water, but they did not find it. With every 
sheet hauled flat and every sail drawing, they pounded and staggered 
into the heavy seas, burying their bowsprits and washing decks at every 
jump. Lee rails were buried and the water was up to the hatches as 
the schooners laid over before the strength of the fierce northeaster. 
Sea after sea they shipped and sometimes dove into them to their 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 209 

foremasts. Again, to quote the yachting expert before referred to : 
" It is doubtful if ever a race was sailed under such savage conditions." 

The " Belden " still held her lead, but the " Rovve " was having 
trouble. Her jibs were torn by the force of the wind and the clew of 
her foresail started. The " Bohlin," which had been driving along all 
the time, passed her and took second berth, but could not seem to gain 
much on the " Belden." 

The vessels made a tack in shore from Minot's, and all fetched 
to the northward of Pig Rocks. They then stood off on the port tack 
and soon were headed landward, again making in near Norman's Woe. 
From there short hitches were made to the finish line. The " Bel- 
den's " jibs started on the last hitch and, although torn badly, held 
until she was safe across the line, a winner. 

The finish was spectacular and never to be forgotten by the few 
privileged to witness it. Half buried in foam, and belted with life 
lines, the contesting crafts neared the mark. First came the " Belden," 
rushing through the water like mad, and laying over under her press of 
canvas. Such a shout as went up from those on the judges' boat as she 
crossed the line ! Capt. Whalen, all oiled up, stood by the wheel of his 
staunch craft and waved his hand gleefully in reply to the greeting. 

Next came the " Nannie C. Bohlin,"' all slick and shiny, looking 
very yachty as she glided through the water. She lay well over, and it 
was plain to all that she had not been spared, but had been sailed for 
all there was in her. She finished with her lee rail buried from view 
and the water rushing over the deck, a marine picture seldom equalled. 

The " Joseph Rowe," which had put up such a game battle with 
her torn head sails, came quickly after the "Bohlin," while the "James 
S. Steele," some ways behind her, came up to the line, but did not 
cross it. Both the "Bohlin" and "Rowe" received a splendid 
ovation as they finished. 

Then almost an hour afterward came the little boats. They evi- 
dently found full sail a detriment in beating to windward in such a gale, 
for the " Lottie S. Haskins," which came across the line, a handsome 
winner, had a reef in her foresail while the " Caviare " had the same. 
The " Elsie F. Rowe " did not finish. Both the winning " Haskins" 
and the " Caviare " received as warm a greeting as that given to the 
bigger craft at the finish. 

After the race, some of the contesting schooners towed, while 
others sailed up the harbor, while the winners were greeted with salutes 
on every hand, and thus ended the fishermen's race, a contest for 
marine supremacy unsurpassed and never to be forgotten. 



210 



TIFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Following is the official summary of the race : — 

FIRST CLASS. 

Schooners from 85 to iio feet, Water Line. 



Name. 


Owner. 


Actual Time. 


Corrected Time 








H. M. S. 


H. 


M. 


s. 


Harry L. Belden. . . 


George Clark cS; Co 


5 38 35 


5 


36 


4 


Nannie C. Bohlin . . 


William H. Jordan 


5 50 45 


5 


50 


45 


Joseph Rowe 


William H. Jordan 


5 54 30 


5 


53 


3 


James S. Steele .... 


George Steele 


Did not finish. 








Ethel B. Jacobs 


Capt. Solomon Jacobs. . . 


Did not finish. 








James G. Blaine . . . 


Hodge & Pool 










William H. Jordan 


Did not finish. 













SECOND CLASS. 

Schooners from 65 to 85 feet, Water Line. 



Name. 



Lottie S. Haskins . . 

Caviare 

Elsie F. Rowe 



Owner. 



George Steele & Co. . - . 

Nagle & Powers 

Capt. James C. Gannon . 



Actual Time. Corrected Time. 



H. M. 


s. 


H. 


M. 


s. 


6 23 


30 


6 


19 


54 


7 4 


35 


7 


4 


35 


Did not finish. 









The vessels, with their lengths and skippers, were as follows : — 

"James S. Steele," 85 feet, Capt. Charles Olsen. 

"James G. Blaine," 87 feet 7 inches, Capt. John McDonald. 

"GrayUng," , Capt. Charles H. Harty. 

" Nannie C. Bohlin," 102 feet 9 inches, Capt. Thomas Bohlin. 
"Joseph Rowe," loi feet 7 inches, Capt. Reuben Cameron. 
"Ethel B. Jacobs," loi feet 7 inches, Capt. Solomon Jacobs. 
" Harry L. Belden," 100 feet 4 inches, Capt. Maurice Whalen. 
"Caviare," 72 feet 10 inches, Capt. Frank Stevens. 
" Lottie S. Haskins," 69 feet 6 inches, Capt. Bernard Malone. 
" Elsie F, Rowe," 68 feet, Capt. James C. Gannon. 




X M 



"^TPseneTtTsn 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 211 

The schooner " Harry L. Belden," winner of the Hovey cup, was a 
handsome vessel, 123.37 tons gross, 117.20 tons net, designed by D. J. 
Lawlor, since deceased, owned by George Clark & Co., and built at 
Essex in 1889. She was of the plumb stem type and had always 
enjoyed the reputation of being a fast sailer and an extra good sea 
boat. Her skipper, Capt. Maurice Whalen, was a master mariner of 
well known ability, a good fisherman, and one who knew how to sail his 
vessel. 

The " Belden," at present, is owned in Boston, and is still com- 
manded by Captain Whalen, who now resides in Boston. Mr. Harry L. 
Belden, for whom the vessel was named and who, at the time of the 
race, was book-keeper for George Clark & Co., sailed on the " Belden " 
during the contest. The victory for the " Belden " was more pro- 
nounced as she had just arrived from a fishing trip, and had had 
no time to get herself in readiness. As the old saying is, " she raced 
just as she was." 

The schooner " Lottie S. Haskins," winner of the silver cup, first 
prize in the second class, was a beautiful little craft of fifty-eight and 
forty-seven hundredths tons gross, fifty-five and fifty-five hundredths 
tons net, designed by Capt. George M. McClain, owned by George 
Steele & Co., and built at Essex in 1890. Her sailing qualities were 
well known, and she was generally looked upon as a winner. Her 
skipper, Capt. Bernard Malone, was a young, hustling fellow, who knew 
his craft and how to sail her. 

The " Haskins," at present, is owned in Pensacola, Fla., while 
Captain Malone is now in the vessel outfitting business, in Boston. 

Besides the cup won by the "Belden," the other prizes were $150 
in cash to the schooner making the second quickest corrected time in 
the first class. This was won by the " Nannie C. Bohlin." 

The prize for first place in the second class was a $150 silver cup. 
This the " Lottie S. Haskins " secured. The money for the prizes, 
other than the Hovey cup, was subscribed by a number of citizens, all 
interested in vessels and in the great race. 

There was a prize of $75 offered for the second boat in the second 
class, providing three or more finished. In view of the conditions 
under which the race was sailed and the splendid showing made by the 
" Caviare," she was awarded this prize, as she finished second, while 
the "Elsie F. Rowe," behind her. did not finish. 

The committee and board of judges having the fishermen's race 
in charsfe were : — 



212 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Horatio Babson. William Parsons. 

William Thompson. John E. Thurston. 

Roger W. Wonson. Capt. Thomas Hodge. 

D. Sherman Tarr. Jeremiah Foster. 

David B. Smith. William F. Moore. 

Nathaniel Babson. William Cronin. 

The sailing directions, courses, signals, and rules were printed on 
a handsome quarto sheet, having on its front page a half-tone cut of 
" Mother Ann " and the words : — 

" City of Gloucester, Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary. 

Flying Fishermen's Race, 

Friday, August 26, 1892. 

Off Eastern Point, at 9 o'clock a. m., unless unfavorable weather 

necessitates postponement. 

Open to all Cape Ann schooners between fifty and one hundred 

and ten feet water line." 

The sailing directions, etc., were as follows : — 

PRIZES. 

First Class. Three hundred dollar silver cup, presented by 
Henry S. Hovey, to be given to the schooner making the quickest 
corrected time. One hundred and fifty dollars in cash to be given to 
the schooner making the second quickest corrected time. 

Second Class. One hundred and fifty dollar silver cup, to be 
given to the schooner making the quickest corrected time. Seventy- 
five dollars in cash to the schooner making the second quickest 
corrected time. 

ENTRIES. 

Entries to be made in writing to Horatio Babson, chairman of 
Fishermen's Race Committee, on or before Thursday, August 25, at 
12 o'clock, noon, at Fernwood Lake Ice Company's office. Main 
Street. 

All entries must be accompanied by five dollars, and must specify 
name of vessel, with a certificate of the water line length, signed by 
the authorized measurer, H. N. Andrews. 

CLASSES. 

First Class. Eighty-five to one hundred and ten feet, on the 
water line. 

Second Class. Fifty to eighty-five feet, on the water line. 




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OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 213 

MEASUREMENT. 

Time allowance will be figured by length of water line, Herreshoff 
tables. 

BALLAST. 

No ballast shall be taken in or thrown out, and no cables or 
anchors taken off the vessel within twelve hours of the time of starting. 

CREWS. 

Schooners of the first class will be allowed to carry twenty-four 
men, and those of the second class, twenty men. 

SAILS. 

Schooners in both classes will be restricted to carrying their 
regular sails. No spinnakers, club-top-sails, large balloons, gotten up 
especially for this race, will be allowed, and any vessel using such sails 
will be debarred from the race. 

SAILING RULES. 

The race will be sailed under the general sailing rules of which all 
nautical men are supposed to be acquainted, and each captain must 
understand that if he fouls either of the course buoys or any vessel in 
the race, his competitor has the right to protest him, and if to blame, 
his vessel will be debarred from the race. 

No experts allovved to go on any of the vessels, to take part in 
handling them ; each captain must steer his own vessel. 

NUMBERS. 

All vessels will be furnished with two numbers, which must be 
fastened on each side of the mainsail as near the middle of the sail as 
it can be placed. 

Any vessel failing to comply with this rule will not have her 
time taken. 

PROTEST. 

Protest must be made in writing, signed by the captain of the 
protesting vessel, within thirty minutes after the vessel crosses the 
finish line. 

COURSES. 

The starting line and finish line will be between the whistling 
buoy off Eastern Point, and the pilot house of the committee steamer. 

The E. Y. C. Turning Buoy, in courses I. and II., is a white iron 
spar buoy, fifty feet, bearing a black cage, placed eight miles E. f N. 
from Graves whistling buoy, and nine and one half miles S. by W. f W. 
from whistling buoy off Eastern Point. 



214 



TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



The Nahant mark in courses III., IV., V., and VI., will be a dory 
with a mast twelve feet high, bearing a red flag, anchored half a mile 
due east off East Point, Nahant Head. 

The outer mark used in courses V. and VI., will be the same as 
the Nahant mark : a dory with mast and red flag. 

Course I. From the judges' line, leaving whistling buoy on the 
port, judges' steamer on starboard ; thence, leaving Southeast Breaker's 
buoy on starboard, S. W. by W. ^ W. to Halfway Rock, leaving it on 
port ,' thence S. S. W. ^ W. to the bell buoy off Harding's Ledge, 
leaving it on port; thence N. E. by E. \ E. to Eastern Yacht Club 
buoy, leaving it on port ; thence N. by E. f E. to the whistling buoy 
off Eastern Point, the starting place, leaving it on port, judges' steamer 
on starboard. Distance, thirty-seven miles for allowance. 

Course II. Reverse of Course I. 

Course III. From the Judges' line, leaving whistling buoy on 
starboard, judges' steamer on port ; thence S. S. W. \ W. to and around 
buoy on Davis' Ledge, near Minot's Light, leaving buoy on starboard ; 
thence N. N. W. ^ N. to the stake boat off Nahant, leaving it on 
starboard ; thence to the finish line, leaving Halfway Rock on star- 
board, Southeast Breaker's buoy on port, judges' steamer on starboard, 
whistling buoy on port. Distance, forty-one miles for allowance. 

Course IV. Reverse of Course III. 

Course V. From the starting line, leaving whistling buoy on 
port, judges' steamer on starboard, buoy on South East Breaker on star- 
board, Halfway Rock on port, to and around the Nahant mark, leaving 
it on port; thence E. S. E. \ S. thirteen miles, to and around the outer 
mark, leaving it on port ; thence to the finish line, due N. twelve and 
one quarter miles, leaving whistling buoy on port, judges' steamer on 
starboard. Distance, thirty-nine miles for allowance. 

Course VI. Reverse of Course V. 



starting signals. 

The official time may be obtained of Horatio Babson, Chairman 
of Committee, at the judges' steamer, until 9.00 a. m. 

If the first signal is delayed, intervals will remain unchanged. 

If the whistle should fail to blow, a horn will be sounded instead. 

Vessels will be allowed five minutes to cross the line, and any 
vessel starting afterwards will be reckoned from the limit. 

If a vessel be on or across the line when the signal for her class 
to start is given she must return and recross, keeping clear of all 
competitors. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



21 



At 9.15 the first whistle will be given from the judges' steamer, 
and the number of the course to be sailed will be hoisted, under a blue 
flag, to the mast-head. This course flag will fly until both classes have 
started, except that if the committee decide to postpone the start, the 
course flag will be lowered and a red flag hoisted to cancel all previous 
signals, and change the interval as above. 

At g.2o a second whistle, the warning for the First Class to pre- 
pare to start. 

At 9.25 a third whistle, the start of the First Class. Five minutes 
to cross the line. 

At 9.30 a fourth whistle, the start of the Second Class. Five 
minutes to cross the line. 

Both classes will observe the same rules, to sail over the same 
course. 

REMARKS. 

The committee respectfully ask all captains of steamers and sail- 
ing vessels to keep away from the vessels while they are getting in 
condition to start, so as to give them a good clear course, and not to 
go to windward of the racers, either going or coming, so as to interfere 
with their wind. 

Any vessel that has had pot lead put on her bottom for this race 
will be debarred. If, for any reason, the judges should postpone this 
race until the next day, a white flag will be hoisted under the ensign 
with the letter P on it. All vessels are expected to lie off Eastern 
Point at nine o'clock, so there will be no delay in starting. No prizes 
will be awarded to a vessel making second best time, unless three 
vessels finish in each class. 

In addition to the Hovey cup, valued at $300, the Executive 
Committee appropriated $329, and there were subscribed the following 
sums by 

The Boston & Gloucester Steamboat Company . $50 00 

Nathaniel Webster . . . . . . 50 00 

Francis W. Homans . . . . . . 25 00 

Gardner & Parsons . . . . . . 25 00 

Osborne Linnekin . . . . . . 25 00 

John E. Thurston . . . . . . 15 00 

And entrance fees and receipts of . . . . 63 00 



From the many well written newspaper accounts of this great race, 
there is space to reprint only the following : — 



2l6 TPVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



THE FLYING FISHERMEN'S RACE. 



From a Land- Lubber's Point of View. 



" A wet sheet and a flowing sea, 
And a wind that follows fast." 

Fishy old Gloucester is to be heartily congratulated upon her 
grand celebration which, from every point of view, was eminently suc- 
cessful. But to the majority of Cape Ann's sturdy sons, the Flying 
Fishermen's Race was the most interesting event of the three days' fete. 
Having sailed in the race I have been asked by several skippers to say 
a word in regard to it. 

During the first two days of the celebration, the city had been 
buried in bunting. But now she put aside her holiday rig, and lay 
hove too, facing the storm, reefed down to riding-sails. Forgetting 
her proud moment of triumph, she became once more the Gloucester 
of old, her winding streets reeking with fish-gurry, tar, bilge-water, and 
pogy-oil. And her hardy citizens, complacently discarding frock coats, 
boiled shirts, and all such foolish toggery, donned the familiar oilskins, 
sou'westers, " kegs," rubber boots, and steered a compass course for 
Eastern Point, or the wharves, from which points to observe the great 
event of the festival, to wit, the Fishermen's Race. 

Through the courtesy of Howard Blackburn, I had met Capt. 
Charlie Olsen, skipper of the "James S. Steele," the night before the 
race, and accepted an invitation to sail with him. When morning 
dawned, it proved to be as dirty a day as often comes to the Cape. 
During the night a howling northeaster had set in ; it was what the web- 
footed boys call an " old hum snoozer." Great ragged storm clouds 
hurtled before the gale; far as eye could reach the angry seas were 
white in their passionate fury; and good old Mother Ann, cur fisher- 
men's patron saint, trembled and moaned piteously as she thought of 
her sturdy sons far out upon the deep. 

Old Father Neptune and Old Probabilities, always important 
factors in the life of Cape Ann, were trying to manifest their interest in 
the celebration by combining forces and stirring up the elements to an 
unusual degree of fury. But the Gloucester fisherman is brought up 
on gales and danger, and used to exposure, and a northeaster is his 
every-day diet. This great storm, instead of striking terror to those 
who were to race, filled all hearts with joy. There was not a skipper 




THE NEW AND THE OLD. 

Schooner " Jiulique," 1892. 

" Pinkey," 1824. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 21 J 

in the fleet who had not been praying for wind. The prayer was 
answered without stint. 

At the appointed hour we met on Steele's wharf, and fiHng by the 
skipper, saluted loyally, giving him our names. There were twenty-four 
of us, all told, as sturdy a ship's crew as ever weathered a wintry sea. 
We were Norsemen, Swedes, Danes, Portuguese, Blue-noses, and New- 
foundlanders, but Yankees to the backbone, everyone, and full of 
Yankee blood and Cape Ann grit. 

Allow me to state, at this point, that I am told that His Excellency 
Governor Russell was to have been a guest on the " Steele," but that 
he declined to ship, owing to stress of weather. This observation is? 
in consequence, very naturally forced upon me, that there is a vast 
difference between governors and common clay, and that while this 
distinguished statesman had sense enough to stay ashore, we had not, 

I will not attempt to give the race in detail. The admirable 
descriptions by the 7i?nes, Breeze, and Boston Herald, cannot be 
excelled. 

You all know how, without a reef tied down, the ten flyers ran off 
for Halfway Rock before the wind ; how, leaving Halfway Rock on the 
port, they ran for Nahant ; how, passing the Nahant mark, they stood 
off for Minot's, with the wind just forward of abeam ; and how, tacking 
around Davis' Ledge buoy, it was smash, bang, hammer, and pound, all 
the way home, and old Mother Ann seventeen and one half miles away, 
dead to windward. 

Suffice it to say that the race was the most daring and thrilling 
contest in the annals of Gloucester. Every vessel carried herself as 
proudly as a Viking ship, and every man proved himself a hero. The 
wind must be wild, the sea high, when Grand Bankers find it best to 
bend on Hfe lines and put two men at the wheel; yet no one seemed 
to mind. 

Luring the long thrash to windward, every vessel sailed on her 
lee rail, with deck buried to the hatches. Huge seas broke continually 
over the staunch flyers and swept the decks. The brave, laboring craft 
would roll under surging seas to the second and third ratlines ; then 
would follow awful moments of suspense, as the unflinching crews, with 
teeth set and hands clenched, watched to see if their craft would 
stagger up again, or go down under her grievous load. Desperate as 
the chances were, not a vessel luffed or reefed, as to be the first to reef 
would make her the laughing stock of the town, and there was not a 
skipper in the fleet who would not carry away both sticks rather than 
be branded as a coward. 



2l8 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Speaking for the "J. S. Steele," she was ably managed and 
behaved beautifully. In a longer race and under more favorable con- 
ditions, she would undoubtedly come in a winner ; and, with due respect 
to Maurice Whalen and Tom Bohlin, be it said, no bolder skipper 
nor braver crew ever stood out by Eastern Point Light, than Capt. 
Charles Olsen and the lads who so pluckily manned this beautiful white 
flyer in the face of that fearful gale. 

And one there was on board, who, hurled half stunned into the 
lee scuppers, would in all probability have gone down into that awful 
sea off Minot's, but for the prompt and plucky action of Sinius Nelson, 
who, heedless of his own peril, leaped across the deck to help a ship- 
mate in distress ; and to this modest, manly brother, the thanks of 
grateful hearts have gone out. All honor to Sinius Nelson, to Charles 
Olsen, to Howard Blackburn, to Albert Hendricksen, Tom Bohlin, Sol 
Jacobs, and to all the fearless men who man the smart fishing smacks 
of Gloucester town ! It is to such men that a town points with pride. 
Such hardy sons go to make the beef and sinew, the bulwarks of a nation. 
Good men are always to be honored ; and, the world over, heroes are 
held above par. 

Day and night, year in, year out, manly deeds are done, recorded 
only by the angels in heaven ; heroes, their big, warm hearts throbbing 
with brave, brotherly kindness, go down into the sea's greedy sepulchre, 
their names "writ in water." With arms outstretched, with blanched 
face upturned to helpless, suffering shipmates in one last, agonizing 
appeal, down, down the poor fisherman sinks in the treacherous, hungry 
sea. O, Father in heaven, unto those to whom is permitted this cruel 
fate, give especial tenderness and blessing ! Grant that in some fair 
haven of thine they may find blessed and eternal anchorage. 

In conclusion, I have only this to ask, seamen, landsmen, good 
friends, all, that you will pardon this lengthy article, since it is 
upon your brilliant celebration, and will not be called for again in 
two hundred and fifty years. And ere another anniversary shall roll 
around, we shall all, please God, have rounded, not Eastern Point, but 
the Golden Gate, and passed in upon a haven fairer and more peace- 
ful, even, than is Gloucester Harbor to-day, serene and sumptuously 
beautiful under the September sun. 

William Hale. 

The cup offered by Mr. Hovey, and won by the schooner " Harry 
L. Belden," was a magnificent specimen of the silversmiths' art, and 
was designed and manufactured by Messrs. Shreve, Crump & Low, of 



OF THE TOW.V OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 219 

Boston. Mr. Hovey had from the very beginning been very much 
interested in the anniversary, and both he and his sister were generous 
contributors to the anniversary fund. Moreover, Mr. Hovey, as chair- 
man of the Regatta Committee, made that feature of the celebration 
memorable. In donating the silver cup for the Flying Fishermen, he 
expressly stipulated that it should be called the offering of the people 
of Gloucester. The prize was well worth making strenuous efforts to 
secure, and Captain Whalen will ever cherish it and hand it down to 
his descendants, a noble legacy. Briefly described, it is of solid silver 
and stands a foot high from its dark-colored plush pedestal. Its 
mountings and chasings of marine emblems are all done in oxydized 
silver, and all done by hand. The handles of the cup are silver 
codfish, while its base is a mass of sea shells, crowned by a band of 
star fish. 

One side represents fishing vessels under full sail, while on the 
reverse is the seal of the city of Gloucester, showing the city as seen 
from the sea, with Eastern Point Light in the distance. Around the 
seal are the words, " Presented by the Citizens of Gloucester." 

Around the neck is another band of sea shells, from which drop 
in artistic folds whole masses of seaweed, that eventually lose their 
identity in the bands of star fish and sea shells at the base of the cup. 

The cup offered as first prize in the second class was also a beauti- 
ful specimen of silver work. While not nearly as elaborate as the 
Hovey cup, it was of high artistic design and well wrought out. In 
size and general appearance, it nearly resembled the other cup, but, of 
course, somewhat plainer in design. Captain Malone will always value 
it for its association to him as a participant and victor in the most 
exciting race ever sailed off Gloucester. 



2 20 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



THE YACHT RACES. ^f 



GREAT preparations had been made for the yacht races. The 
yachting committee, all of them enthusiastic yachtsmen, had 
worked hard to get together a representative fleet of boats. All the great 
yachting clubs in Massachusetts had become interested, and on the 
day preceding the race, the harbor was filled with the big and little 
craft. Liberal prizes in money had been offered ; Commodore Henry 
S. Hovey, chairman of the committee, had spared neither expense nor 
pains to make the event successful. Vice-Chairman McLaughlin and 
Secretary Smothers had worked early and late. Great was the disap- 
pointment when the howling northeaster broke with full force over 
Gloucester on Thursday and only seemed to increase its energy on 
Friday. However, the committee and the judges decided that the 
races should be sailed, and simply postponed the time of starting from 
morning until 2.30 o'clock in the afternoon. From the Boston Daily 
Herald, of Aug. 27, 1892, we get the following account : — 

There was a yacht race in Gloucester yesterday, and it was one that 
tried yachtsmen's souls. The wind was blowing a small-sized gale from 
the northeast, and it swept down through Gloucester Harbor during the 
entire day, and there was no let up, in fact, it increased after the races 
were started. 

The race was announced for the morning, but the weather outlook 
was so bad that the committee postponed the race until the afternoon, 
in hopes that the wind might moderate. The news of the postpone- 
ment was favorably received by the yachtsmen, and the judges used 
good judgment in putting it off. Although the course was changed to 
the inside of Gloucester Harbor, where the wind was broken off some- 
what, still there was quite a jump of a sea on, and the little boats took 
many a header. 

A thick, drizzling rain fell all day, so that racing in the cold north- 
east gale was anything but pleasant. All the boats were tied down to 
close reefs, and the sloops had stem staysails on. The cutter " King 
Phihp " had a reef in her mainsail, her topmast was housed, and she 
had a storm staysail set. The " Handsel " was under close reefed main- 
sail and stem staysail, and at this she had all the sail on that she could 
carry. The " Chapoquoit " was under a short mainsail and storm jib. 
The " Chieftain " was under three reefs and small jib. The crack cat- 
boat " Magpie " was under close reefs, and she made a splendid show- 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 221 

ing, carrying her sail well, beside going fast. The ''Wapita," "Good 
Luck," "Beatrice," "Black Cloud," "Hazard," and " Irene " were all 
under the shortest sail, and they had more than they could lug. There 
were none of the modern 21 -footers in, although there were several in 
the harbor. The little boats under sixteen feet, with their pocket 
handkerchief mainsails, made a fine showing, and went over the course 
in grand style. 

After postponing the race in the morning the judges held a meet- 
ing and decided that the weather was too severe to send the yachts 
over the outside course, and they wisely decided to substitute the fol- 
lowing inside courses for the different classes : — 

Course for first, second, and third classes : From starting line, 
leaving Dog Bar buoy and Eastern Point Ledge buoy on port, to and 
around whistling buoy off Eastern Point, leaving it on starboard ; thence 
to and around bell buoy off Norman's Woe, leaving it on starboard, to 
starting line, rounding flag at starting line, leaving it on starboard and 
repeat the course ; allowance for ten miles. 

Course for fourth, fifth, and sixth classes : From starting line, leav- 
ing Round Rock buoy on port hand, flag on starting line on starboard 
hand. Round Rock buoy on port hand to finish line ; allowance for six 
miles. 

The first class was sent away at 2.30, in a howling breeze, and 
with the wind dead aft. The " Chieftain " led the way, under a handi- 
cap of twenty-fiv-e seconds. The "King Phihp " was next, with a 
handicap of one minute and ten seconds. The " Chapoquoit " came 
third, starting wrongly ahead of her class, but, as it made no difference, 
the judges took no notice of it. She had her topmast housed and was 
under the shortest sail. 

Just as this boat went over the line Governor Russell came on 
board the judges' boat, the " Fortuna," in company with Lieutenant 
Hunt, secretary to Admiral Gherardi, and the two witnessed nearly all 
of the races from the " Fortuna." 

The " Handsel " was the only starter in her class, and she sailed 
over the same course as the "Chieftain," and the latter was beaten by 
the fin boat in actual time by over four minutes. 

The race between the " Chieftain," " King Philip," and " Chapo- 
quoit," which started nearly together, was close and exciting. The big 
" King Philip," with all her lead, lay out badly, her decks were awash, 
and with more sail on than the "Chieftain," she could not gain on her, 
but fell off during the first time around the course. 

The " Chapoquoit " could have carried more sail ; in fact, she was 



222 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

under too short sail, for she seemed able to shake out a reef and stand 
it. On the first time around the course she was beaten by both the 
" King Philip " and " Chieftain," and she lost by making a bad turn at 
the first mark when going over the course the second time. The 
"Ape," which started against the " Chapoquoit," fell out after going 
over part of the first leg on the second time around. 

In the third-class centreboards, the " Gipsey " made a fine show- 
ing, and gave the new twenty-five-footer " Beatrice " a big beating. 
The "Black Cloud" and the "Hazard" sailed a close race, and the 
"Good Luck" was beaten by the "Black Cloud" over a mile. The 
"Viola" lost her mast. The "Vivian," "Perdita," and "Augusta" 
were withdrawn, after sailing over the first round of the course. The 
"Wapita" also withdrew and did not finish. 

In the third-class keels the "EmmaL." beat the "Irene" by 
over a mile, and these were the only two boats in the class to finish. 

In the jib and mainsail class the starters were the " Mavis " and 
" Promenade." The " Mavis " alone went over the course. 

In the fourth class, for catboats of eighteen to twenty-one feet, 
the " Magpie " and " Arab " were the only starters, and the " Magpie " 
won out a fine victory. 

In the fourth-class keels, with the " Astrea," " Wahneta," " Mock- 
in<y Bird," and "Wraith" in, the "Astrea" won, with the "Wahneta" 
second. 

In the fifth class the field was reduced to one boat at the finish, 
and she was the "Chippie." 

The sixth class included boats under sixteen feet. The " Mar- 
chioness," "Rodie," "Alpine," " Ida May," and " Wizard " were the 
starters. The " Marchioness " won, with the " Rodie " a close second. 
The little boats labored hard, and it took considerable nursing to get 
them over the course. 

The following is the summary of the races : — 

FIRST CLASS. 

(30 to 36 feet.) 

Start. Finish. Actual Time. Corrected Time. 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. h. m. s. h. m. s. 

Chieftain 2 30 4 20 08 i 50 oS i 46 00 

King Philip 2 30 4 20 19 i 50 19 i 50 19 

SECOND-CLASS CENTREBOARDS. 

(25 to 30 feet.) 

Start. Finish. Actual Time. Corrected Time. 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. h. m. s. h. m. s. 

Chapoquoit 2 30 4 22 57 i 52 57 i 52 49 

^pg 2 30 Did not finish. 



Il 



^3 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER. MASS. 



223 



SECOND-CLASS KEELS. 

(30 feet.) 

Start. Finish. Actual Time. Corrected Time . 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. h. m. s. h. m. s. 

Handsel 2 35 4 23 56 i 48 56 i 48 43 

THIRD-CLASS CENTREBOARDS. 

(21 to 25 feet.) 

Start. Finish. Actual Time. Corrected Time. 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. h. m. s. h. m. s. 

Gipsey 2 40 4 19 37 i 39 2)1 i 37 4o 

Beatrice 2 40 4 51 25 2 11 25 2 11 14 

Black Cloud 2 40 4 53 42 2 13 42 2 11 47 

Hazard 2 40 4 59 44 2 19 44 2 17 00 

Good Luck 2 40 5 04 32 2 24 32 2 19 57 

Vivian 2 40 Withdrawn. 

Perdita 2 40 Withdrawn. 

Viola 2 40 Withdrawn. 

Augusta 2 40 Withdrawn. 

Wapita Withdrew. 

THIRD-CLASS KEELS. 

Start. Finish. Actual Time. Corrected Time. 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. h. m. s. h. im. s. 

Emma L 2 40 4 44 01 2 04 01 2 02 50 

Irene 2 40 4 56 31 2 16 31 2 12 06 

Alcyone 2 40 Withdrawn, 

Helen 2 40 Withdrawn. 



JIB AND MAINSAIL BOATS. 

(18 to 21 feet.) 



Start. 
Name. h. m. 

Mavis 2 45 

Promenade 2 45 



Finish. 
H. M. S. H. f 

4 10 43 12 
Did not finish. 



Actual Time. Corrected Time 



43 



57 



FOURTH-CLASS CATS. 

(18 to 21 feet.) 

Start. Finish. 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. 

Magpie 2 45 4 02 58 

Arab 2 45 4. 21 46 

"- FOURTH-CLASS KEELS. 

Start. Finish. 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. 

Astrea 2 45 4 03 36 

Wahneta 2 45 4 05 45 

Mocking Bird 2 45 4 15 01 

Wraith ..2 45 4 17 16 



Actual Time. Corrected Time. 



I 17 58 
I 36 46 



I 16 35 

I 35 iS 



Actual Time. Corrected Time. 



I 18 36 

I 20 45 

I 30 01 

I 32 16 



I 16 59 

I 20 45 

I 28 41 

I 30 20 



Actual Time. 


Corrected Time. 


H. M. S. 


H. M. s. 


I 27 55 


I 27 55 


I 29 22 


I 28 08 


I 38 14 


I 37 37 



224 TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

FIFTH CLASS. 

(16 to 18 feet.) 

Start. Finish. Actual Time. Corrected Time. 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. h. m. s. h. m. s. 

Chippie 2 50 4 26 55 I 36 55 I 36 55 

Luna 2 50 Did not finish. 

SIXTH CLASS. 

(Under t6 feet.) 

Start. Finish. 

Name. h. m. h. m. s. 

Marchioness 2 55 4 22 55 

Rodie 2 55 4 24 22 

Alpine 2 55 4 33 14 

Ida May 2 55 Did not finish. 

Wizard Did not finish. 

The first-class first prize, $50, went to the "Chieftain." The 
" Chapoquoit " and "Handsel" won in their class, centreboard and 
keel, $40 each. In the third class, centreboards, the " Gypsey " won 
the first prize, $35 ; the " Beatrice " second prize, ^20 ; and the " Black 
Cloud " third prize, $15. " Emma L." won the first prize for keels, with 
the "Jane" second. The "Mavis" won the jib and mainsail first 
prize, $40. The " Magpie " won the first money, $40, in her class. The 
"Astrea" took the same amount in the fourth-class keels, and the 
" Wahneta " the second prize of $25. " Mocking Bird" took the third 
prize, $15, and the "Wraith" the fourth prize of $10. The "Mar- 
chioness " won $25, the " Rodie " $15, and the " Alpine " $10 in the 
" wee " class. 

The following acted as judges : WiUiam S. Eaton, Jr., Louis M. 
Clark, Barclay Tilton, F. E. Cabot, George A. Stewart, Frank H. Shute. 

Commodore Henry S. Hovey entertained lavishly on board his 
yacht, " The Fortuna," all day. 

His Excellency Gov. William E. Russell and party were visitors on 
board the warships Friday as well as guests of Commodore Hovey, and 
Gen. Benjamin F. Butler, on board his yacht, the famous " America." 

The yachtsmen did n't seem to mind the weather. They were all 
out for sport and the more it howled and rained the keener the sport 
seemed to them. 

The full prospectus of the yacht races were printed on a quarto 
sheet having on its first page : — 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 22$ 

" Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary City of Gloucester. 

Grand Open Regatta. 

Friday, August 26, 1892. 

Free to all Boats. 

Entries must be made on or before Wednesday, August 24, at 11 a. m. 

Judges : 
William S. Eaton, Jr., Eastern Yacht Club. 
Louis M. Clark, Massachusetts Yacht Club. 
Barclay Tilton, Hull Yacht Club. 
F. E. Cabot, Beverly Yacht Club. 
George A. Stewart, Corinthian Yacht Club. 
Frank H. Shute, Cape Ann Yacht Club. 
Henry S. Hovey, Chairman of the Regatta Committee, has tendered 
the use of the Yacht " Fortuna " as Judges' Boat." 

Then followed the details of the race, courses, etc. : — 

ENTRIES. 

Entries must be made in writing, and must specify name of yacht 
and address of owner, length on water-line, centreboard, keel or fin 
keel, and the name of the club to which she belongs. 

Entries will be received at the Boston Yacht Agency, 43 Milk 
Street, Boston, and F. E. Smothers, 76 Main Street, Gloucester, until 
II A. M., Wednesday, Aug. 24, at which time the entries must close. 

The judges reserve the right to require prize winners to show their 
certificates signed by the measurer of the club to which they belong, 
and if they deem it advisable the winner's boat shall be measured by 
the judges before the prize will be awarded. 

CLASSES. 

First Class. Thirty-six feet and over thirty feet on water-line. 

Second Class. Thirty feet and over twenty- five feet, centre- 
boards. Thirty feet and over twenty-five feet, keels. 

Third Class. Twenty-five feet and over twenty-one feet, centre- 
boards. Twenty-five feet and over twenty-one feet, keels. 

Fourth Class. Twenty-one feet and over eighteen feet. a. Jib, 
Mainsail, Sloop, and Fin Keels, b. Cat-Boats, c. Special Keels (not 
fin). 

Fifth Class. Eighteen feet and over sixteen feet. 

Sixth Class. Sixteen feet and under. 



226 TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

MEASUREMENT. 

Time allowance will be figured by length on water-line by Herres- 
hoff tables. 

LIMIT OF TIME. 

No yacht's time will be taken after 6.30 o'clock p. m. 

PRIZES. 

First Class. $50, ^35, ^20. 

Second Class. $40, $2%, $15, Centre-boards. ^40, $25, 5i5, 
Keels. 

Third Class. ^35, $20, $15, Centreboards. $35,^20,^x5, Keels. 

Fourth Class. $40, $25, $15, $10, Jib, Mainsail, Sloop, Centre- 
board, and Fan Keels. $40, $25, $15, $10, Cat-Boats. $40, ^25, $15, 
Special Keels. 

Fifth Class. $30, $20, $10. 

Sixth Class. $25, $15, $10. 

ballast. 
No ballast shall be taken in or thrown out after the first gun has 

been fired. 

crew. 

Yachts will be allowed one man for every four feet or fractional 
part thereof on water-Une. 

SAILS. 

In first, second, and third classes there will be no restrictions to 
sails. 

In jib and mainsail, sloops, fourth, fifth, and sixth classes, no 
spinakers will be allowed. 

Catboats, mainsail only. 

SAILING rules. 

The regatta will be sailed under the general sailing rules with 
which all yachtsmen are acquainted. 

protest. 

Protest must be made in writing, signed by the sailing master of 
the protesting yacht, within thirty minutes after the yacht returns. 

START, NUMBERS, ETC. 

The start will be flying. Yachts will be furnished with cloth 
numbers, which must be fastened to each side of the mainsail, as 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 22/ 

near the middle as possible, and just above the upper reef points. 
Yachts failing to comply with this rule will not have their time taken. 
Numbers can be obtained at the place of entry. 

Yachts are expected to be under sail after the first and before the 
second gun has been fired. 

All are requested not to get too near the line before the starting 
signal of their class, so as to interfere with the class preceding. 

If a yacht be on or across the line when the starting signal is 
given, she must return and recross the Hne, keeping clear of all other 
yachts. 

STARTING SIGNALS. 

First Gun. At 10.45 a. m., a gun will be fired from the judges' 
boat, and the course numbers hoisted below spring-stay of judges' boat. 
The upper number will be the course to be sailed by yachts of the first, 
second, and third classes. The intermediate number will be the course 
for the fourth and fifth classes. The lowest number will be the course 
for the sixth class. 

Second Gun. Exactly ten minutes later a second gun will be 
fired, and a blue pennant will be hoisted on foretopmast. This will be 
the preparatory signal for yachts of the first class. 

Third Gun. Exactly five minutes later a third gun will be fired. 
Blue pennant will be lowered, and red flag will be hoisted in its place. 
This will be the starting signal for the first class, and time will be taken 
from this gun as the starting time of all yachts of that class. 

Fourth Gun. Exactly five minutes later a fourth gun will be 
fired. This will be the starting signal for the second class, and time 
will be taken from this gun as the starting time of the yachts of that 
class. 

Fifth Gun. Exactly five minutes later a fifth gun will be fired. 
This will be the starting signal for the third class, and time will be 
taken from this gun as the starting time of yachts of that class. 

Sixth Gun. Exactly five minutes later a sixth gun will be fired. 
This will be the starting signal for the fourth class, and time will be 
taken from this gun as the starting time of yachts of that class. 

Seventh Gun. Exactly five minutes later a seventh gun will be 
fired. This will be the starting signal for the fifth class, and time will 
be taken from this gun as the starting time of yachts of that class. 

Eighth Gun. Exactly five minutes later an eighth gun will be 
fired. This will be the starting signal for the sixth class, and time will 
be taken from this gun as the starting time of yachts of that class. 

Should the starting of the race be delayed from any cause, the 



228 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

same intervals of time will be given after the first gun. Should a gun 
miss fire, a fog-horn will be blown. If necessary to postpone the race 
until next day, on account of the weather, the ensign will be lowered 
from maintopmast on judges' boat. 

COURSES. 

Course No. i. First, Second, and Third Classes. From starting 
line to Round Rock buoy, leaving it on port, to stake boat anchored 
two and one third miles south, leaving it on starboard ; thence west 
by north one half north to buoy off Gale's Ledge, leaving it on star- 
board; thence to Round Rock buoy, leaving it on port, to starting 
line. Distance, about fourteen miles. 

Course No. 2 is No. i reversed. 

Course No. 3. Fourth and Fifth Classes. From starting line 
to Round Rock buoy, leaving it on port ; thence to stake boat, two and 
one third miles south, leaving it on starboard ; thence northwest two 
and two thirds miles to stake boat off Kettle Island, leaving it on star- 
board ; thence east by north one half north, to Round Rock, leaving it 
on port, to starting line. Distance, about ten miles. 

Course No. 4 is No. 3 reversed. 

Course No. 5. Sixth Class. From starting line to Eastern 
Point I,edge buoy, leaving it on starboard ; thence to bell buoy off 
Norman's Woe, leaving it on starboard, to starting line, and rounding 
judges' boat ; repeat the course. Distance, about nine and one half 
miles. 

Course No. 6 is No. 5 reversed. 

All yachts in going out must leave Ten Pound Island on the port 
and starboard coming in. 

The starting line will be from judges' boat to stake boat, anchored 
off Pavilion Beach. 

F. E. SMOTHERS, 

Secretary Regatta Committee. 




OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



229 



On the fourth page was a miniature 
The Yachting Committee were : — 

Henry S. Hovey. 

John McLaughlin. 

H. Frank Sanford. 

Alden O. Gilpatrick. 

J. Milledge Publicover. 

James R. Pringle. 

Bennett Griffin. 

James S. Steele. 

Charles F. Young. 

Benjamin H. Spinney. 

George J. Marsh. 

Frank H. Gaffney. 

Samuel D. Hildreth. 

George Douglass. 

James A. Stetson. 



chart showing the courses. 

Philip H. Goldthwaite. 
James D. Stacy. 
Loring B. Haskell. 
Willard B. PubUcover. 
John A. Hawson. 
Thomas A. Irving. 
Horatio Babson. 
Gilman S. Harvey. 
Kilby W. Shute. 
Asa T. Gifford. 
Frank O. Smothers. 
William N. McKenzie. 
William H. Blatchford. 
John H. Brooks. 
Samuel M. Shute. 



230 TIFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



THE FIREWORKS DISPLAY. 



AS originally planned, the fireworks were to have been given Friday 
evening. The severe storm though caused a postponement, 
and they were given the following Tuesday evening, August 30. The 
display was made in the harbor from the steam lighter " Eagle," and 
thus arranged was easily seen from all the shore around. Thousands 
had gathered from all the neighboring towns and the outlying wards, 
and Western Avenue and Stage Fort were crowded with sightseers. 
Besides the public exhibition, many residents at Eastern Point, on 
'Squam River, and at West Gloucester, made fine displays of red-fire 
and rockets. The program of the public exhibition by Masten & 
Wells, of Boston, and in charge of Mr. Addison P. Burnham, of the 
Committee on Fireworks, was as follows : — 

PROGRAM OF FIREWORKS DISPLAY. 

Six dozen exhibition rockets. These rockets are of the largest 
size and calibre, and are heavily charged with displays, showing exam- 
ples of silver streamers, shooting stars, balloon lights, golden showers, 
electric suns, Japanese rains, rainbows, comet, etc. 

Thirty-six twelve-inch shells, assorted in varieties of artillery, 
detonating, willow tree, saluting, whistling gerbes, cascade, etc. 

Twelve eighteen-inch shells. These shells at a great elevation 
explode and fill the air with beautiful effects in colored rains and 
showers, Japanese suns, electric spreaders, and many other curious 
devices. 

Twelve eighteen-inch neck shells. These shells show displays of 
dragons, willow trees, brilliant suns, serpents, colored stars, whistling 
gerbes, etc. 

Five thirty-inch shells. These shells of the largest size and 
variety are exploded high in the air and display chain lights, sparkling 
fire streamers, detonating bombs, serpents' nests, and other examples, 
filling the air with fire. 

Twelve artillery shells. These shells are exploded at a height of 
several hundred feet in the air with stunning effect. 

Twelve batteries. These batteries are composed of heavy Roman 
candles massed together, which throw out immense stars of green, 
ruby, blue, purple, gold, azure, and silver. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 23 1 

Eighteen mines, assorted in the following varieties: saucisson, 
reuorting, meteor, serpent, floral, exploding, etc. 

^Twe^y-four golden fountains. These golden fountams, or silver 
geysers, throw high in the air great streams of sparkling fire which falls 
backward to the earth, resembling a fountain of sparklmg water. 

Twenty flights of tourbillions . These display u. their ascent 
wreaths and rings of the finest shades of green and gold, purple and 
areen, crimson and blue, azure and silver. 

^ Three dozen water serpents. These serpents, when thrown upon 
the surface of the water, perform curious contortions, ^^^ ^S^bou 
in every direction, rise and fall in the water, and finally explode with 

^""^^ Trefdozen water snakes. These make a very interesting display 
on the surface of the water by darting in every direction for several 
minutes and then concluding with a sharp report. 

Three dozen water rockets. These, when thrown on the water, 
run upon the surface in a horizontal line, and then explode with display 

of colored stars. , . 

Six water wheels, assorted. These wheels revolve on the water 
and create a large circle of jessamine fire, amid which is seen colored 
rings of various hues, blending with the golden yellow of the circle. 

Fifty water torpedoes, which explode in the water with loud reports. 

Twenty-four water geysers. These represent a fountain or geyser 
of briUiant fire, which is elevated and falls back into the water. 

Seventy-five owl lights for illumination. These produce a bril- 
liant crimson illumination of long duration. , , , ^ 

One motto, - Good Night." This motto was composed of two- 
foot letters, which was plainly and distinctly read by all. 

The committee on fireworks were : — 

Fitz Mcintosh. ^'"^-^'^'^Z' AA 

Charles W. Luce. Freeman D. Hodsdon, 

Joseph Parsons. Addison P. Burnham. 

Charles S. Bott. Silas S. Tarr 

Everett P. Wonson. Edgar S. Taft. 

Patrick J . Foley. 



In OijetxeraX. 



m\ 



INTERCHANGE OF GREETINGS. 



AMONG the delightful incidents in connection with the anniversary, 
was the interchange of felicitous greetings between our own city, 
Gloucester, England, and New Gloucester, Maine. To each of these 
places the very first invitations were sent ; indeed, at the initiative of 
our citizens, when steps were taken for an anniversary celebration, they 
were recognized by resolution as the ones to whom such an invitation 
should be sent at the outset. From Gloucester in old England had come 
many of our early settlers, and to New Gloucester, Maine, went many 
of our families to found the town in the wilderness, early in the 
eighteenth century. Natural, indeed, that tender and loving thoughts 
should go out to these places and their people on our own festal days. 
In midsummer, 1891, beautiful engrossed copies of the following 
invitations, in pen and ink, the handiwork of Mr. Charles A. Burdette 
of Boston, and signed by every member of the committee on invitations, 
were forwarded, one to the Lord Mayor and Town Council of 
Gloucester, England, the other to the selectmen of New Gloucester, 
Maine. The following is a copy of the first : — 

1642. GLOUCESTER, MASS., U. S. A. 1892. 

To the Lord Mayor and Town Council of Gloucester, Gloucestershire 
England, Greeting : 

The undersigned, in behalf of the citizens of Gloucester, Essex County, 
Massachusetts, United States of America, extend to your honorable body a 
cordial invitation to be present at and participate in the exercises commemo- 
rating the Two Hundred Fiftieth Anniversary of the Incorporation of the 
Town, on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, the 24th, 25th and 26th of 
August, 1892. 

We pledge ourselves, should you honor us with your presence, to do all 
in our power to render your stay with us one of great pleasure, so that you 
may take back to your home in Old Gloucester delightful memories of your 
visit. 

(Signed) Asa G. Andrews. John J. Somes. 

Charles P. Thompson. Jonas H. French. 

William A. Pew, William E. Russell. 

John Corliss. William W. French. 

D. Somes Watson Henry Center. 

George H. Procter. Addison P. Wonson. 

Edward Dolliver. Fred. W. Tibbets 

235 



236 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

That sent to New Gloucester, Maine, was similar in phraseology 
the only change being that it was addressed to The Honorable the 
Board of Selectmen and the Citizens of New Gloucester, Maine. 

A beautifully embossed parchment reply was received from the 
Lord Mayor and Town Council of Gloucester, England. It is hand- 
somely executed in medieval lettering, the first letter of each sentence 
being drawn in colors, and is a fine example of the scrivener's art. The 
seal of the city is embossed in relief at the head. The text is as fol- 
lows : — 

We, the members of the Council of the city of Gloucester, England, 
sincerely regret that owing to the Triennial Musical Festival to.be held in this 
city, in the first week of September next, and other engagements, we are un- 
able to accept the cordial invitation of the citizens of Gloucester, Mass., to 
be present at, and participate in, the ceremonies of the two hundred and 
fiftieth Anniversary of the incorporation of that town. 

We nevertheless for ourselves and on behalf of our fellow citizens most 
heartily thank the citizens of our sister city, for their courteous invitation and 
generous offer of hospitality, and tender them our most'sincere congratulations 
on the anniversary they are about to celebrate, on the progress their city has 
made and on the prosperity it now enjoys. 

We greatly value the friendship that exists between the two cities, and 
trust that the citizens of each will ever take a true interest in the welfare of 
and be ready to welcome the citizens of the other. 
James Platt, Mayor. 
James B. Karn, Sheriff. 
Henry Mansell, Deputy Mayor. 
Aldermen. Jesse Sessions, G. H. Edwards, T. Charles R. Taynton, Albert 
J. Mott, John Barnard, Samuel Bland, Richard Holland, Charles 
Brown. 
Councillors, Thomas Robinson, M. P. ; Wm. Stafford, John Knight, James 
Mansell, John Ward, A. C. Wheeler, Theron Powell, Joseph I. 
See-Rings, James Arkell, C. H. Clutterbuck, W. Remrick, Wil- 
liam Evan Harris, Walter Madge, Fred'k Charles Hiperwood, 
A. Buchanan, Theophilus W. Baker, George Peters, A. M. 
Sydney Turner, Sam'l Norton, H. W. Bruton, John Allen, 
H.J. Sherwood, Jas. Clarke, L. H. Priday, W. Langley-Smith. 

Gloucester, England, 1892. 

Moreover, only a few days before the celebration began, the 
following letter was received from Hon. James Platt, Mayor : — 



I'^Ta^ g^'» tlv nC)cml'cic> of tbc Coinicii ot tlic Citv ol 
olouCOC-tCV. m tlv Coimtv ot the Citv ot Oloiiccoici. uluul.iii^' 






,lKCVCl\" ICOVCt th.ll. OVVllUI to tlv Cl'lCllllMl ni>ll-oH..ll iC-olUMl 



IV lvi^ in thi-,- Citv 111 tlv 



tus 



uvcl; ot Scptcnibcv "ncit. all^ otivi; 



.■ii,-,.iMCiucinc-. wv .uc uiLihlc to .K'ccpt tlv co^^l■^l iiivit.ition ot the Citi-^oii-,- 



ol oloiiccc-tcv. nn.u-c-.. to Iv tnv aciu at, .^ll^ p.n'ticit.i.itc m. the ccicnionicc- ot 
tho CclcLuMtioii of tlv 'J.iOth aniu\v-rg.nv: of the 3ncofpoiatioii ot that Cown. 

CUe newithelec-o. tov om-jelves al1^ on Lvhalt ot oiu- fellow Citi.^eiic-. 
iiKvU Ivaitilv iiMnl-, the Citi.^eiie- of oui- -oigtev Citv: foi- tbeif eouvteoiig 
iiu'itation an^ MCiieioti'- oftev of hogpitality. an^ ten^ev to them ouv mo^U 
i.inceie eoiiQiatulatioiis on the Himiwrsary they; ai-e about to eeleln-.ite. on 
tlv jHooreee theiv City has lna^e■ an^ on the piospenty it now eiijov!?. 

v-Ue Qieatly value the fvlcn^ship that eyists between tlv two Cltlei^ all^ 
tvu^n that the Citi.-^ens of each will ever tnl;e n true interest m tlv welfare 
ot, ant> be rcn&y to welconie. the Citizens of the other. 

f 9 . stK-tia. 

/^ BlScrmcn : 



Tl-v-P 














COPY ADDRESS, Gloucester, England. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 237 

Gloucester, England, Aug. 10, 1892. 

Dear Mr. Mayor, — In common with all the members of our City 
Council, I appreciate very much the kind invitation of your citizens to be 
present at the celebration of the twio hundred and fiftieth anniversary of 
Gloucester, Mass. 

It would have given me great pleasure to have been able to accept the 
honor and to participate in the celebration, but the time is not convenient for 
me, as our musical festival commences on Sept. 6, and I must be present on 
the occasion. We have also just entered into the occupation of our new 
Guild hall which takes up a good deal of my time for the present. 

It would have been all the more pleasant to me, as I have some little 
knowledge of your city and experienced the hospitality of one of your prede- 
cessors, Mayor Williams, in the summer of 1882. Our City Council have 
resolved to send you an address of congratulation, which they will sign, and 
also an album illustrating various objects of interest in our city, present and 
past. 

Wishing you a very successful celebration and continued prosperity, I 
remain, Yours faithfully, 

James Platt, Mayor. 

During the exercises of the celebration, John Platt, Esq., the son of 
Mayor James Platt, was present and an active participant. 

From New Gloucester, Maine, quite a delegation of prominent 
citizens, headed by Hon. John W. True, Chairman of the Board of 
Selectmen, attended the celebration, and at the close of the mayor's 
luncheon of Thursday, Aug. 26, in a delightful address of congratulation, 
Mr. True presented the resolutions of the citizens of New Gloucester 
adopted by them in special town meeting. 

THE NEW AND THE OLD. 

During anniversary week, cablegrams were also exchanged by Hon. 
Asa G. Andrews, Mayor of Gloucester, Mass., and Hon. James Platt, 
Mayor of Gloucester, England, as follows : — 

On Monday afternoon, August 22, the following despatch was sent 
over the Bennett Mackay Company's wire, free of expense : — 

Gloucester in the New England, 

Essex County, Mass., Aug. 22, 1892. 
7o the Mayor and Town Couticil of Gloucester in the Old England., Glouces- 
tershire, England. 

The children of the New England send greeting to the children of the 
Old on the celebration of their two hundred and fiftieth anniversary. May- 
peace and good fellowship continue between them forever. 

Asa G. Andrews, Mayor of the New Gloucester. 



238 



TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 



Tuesday morning, August 23, the following reply was received at 
the Western Union office in this city : — 

Gloucester, England. 
The Mayor of Gloucester, Mass. : 

Cable received. Heartily reciprocate greetings and good wishes. Wish 
you and your citizens joyful reunion and a good time during celebrations. 
On behalf of council and fellow citizens. 

James (Mayor) Platt, 

Old England. 










GLDICESTKU, EN(iLAND. 

George Sheffield ]>lakeway, Town Clerk. 

Hon. James Flatt, Mayor. 

John Piatt, Esq., llepresentative at Anniversary. 



Wsit 0f tltje "W&i^vsMps. 



VISIT OF THE ^VARSHIPS. 



THE location of Gloucester on the sea coast with its well sheltered 
and beautiful harbor, the fact that she was the leading fishing port 
of the United States, and that upon her the country depended to fur- 
nish many men to man her ships in time of war as well as peace, made 
it peculiarly fitting that efforts should be early made to bring many 
vessels of the navy here at the time of the celebration. At the second 
meeting of the Executive Committee, July 29, 1891, the Chairman and 
Secretary were instructed to write the Secretary of the Navy, asking 
him to detail the White Squadron to this harbor at that time, and, fur- 
ther, to name one of the new warships " Gloucester." To this the 
Department replied as follows : — 

Navy Department, Washington, August 27, 1891. 

His Honor Asa G. Andrews, 

Mayor of Gloucester^ Gloucester, Mass. : 
Dear Sir : Your letter of the 17th inst., asking that the White Squadron 
might be in the harbor at Gloucester, on the two hundred and fiftieth anni- 
versary of the city in August, 1892, is received. 

In reply, I have to state that although it is impossible to say so long a 
time in advance what disposition can be made of any given ships, yet in view 
of the fact that the city of Gloucester and the adjoining coast have for many 
years been the source of supply of some of the best seamen in the United States 
Navy, the Department can assure you that such co-operation in the celebration 
as is consistent with the interests of the public service will gladly be given. 

Very respectfully, 

James R. Solev, 

Acting Secretary of the Navy. 

Nor was the matter allowed to lag. As the time for the celebration 
drew near, the Department was repeatedly reminded of the promise and 
assurance received that several vessels from the squadron should be 
present. Moreover, the Secretary of the Navy himself was planning to 
be a guest. Just before celebration week the committee were notified 
that orders had been issued, and the following vessels would arrive in 
Gloucester Harbor Wednesday noon, Aug. 24, — the " Philadelphia,' ' flag- 
ship, Admiral Bancroft Gherardi, Albert S. Barker, captain ; " Con- 
cord," Edwin White, captain ; " Miantonoraah," Montgomery Sicard, 

241 



242 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



I 



captain ; "Vesuvius," Seaton Shroeder, lieutenant commanding. Accord- 
ingly, preparations were made to receive them, and Wednesday noon 
as the vessels were seen at the harbor entrance, Capt. John F. Bickford, 
of the Executive Committee, William A. Pew, Jr., Esq., representing 
the Collector of the Port, Capt. John M. Anderson, Harbor Master, 
started to meet them with a tug and officially welcome them to 
Gloucester. They first visited the " Philadelphia " after she had come 
to anchor, and were most hospitably received by the admiral, who 
assured the committee that everything would be done by him and his 
men to make their part in the celebration a big success. Afterward, the 
other ships were visited and every courtesy extended. The presence 
of these white ships of war added not a little to the occasion. They 
gave the ofificial stamp of the national government to the celebration, 
and emphasized the fact that the fisheries were indeed the nursery of 
the navy. ■ 

At the banquet and the ball, which were graced with the presence 
of the naval officers from the admiral down, their showy uniforms added 
much to the picturesqueness of the scene. In the parade the marines 
and sailors, several hundred strong, marching at the head of the line, 
set the pace for as fine a showing of military movement as was ever 
seen, and their magnificent marching was cheered again and again as 
they went their way along the route of the procession. For the four 
days that they were in the harbor, the ships were thrown open to the 
people and thousands visited them, being treated with every courtesy 
possible by officer, marine, or sailor. At night their search-lights gave 
splendid displays along the harbor front, lighting with fine effect hill 
and shore. Among the incidents, then, of the celebration, none was 
pleasanter to our people than the visit of these splendid ships of the 
White Squadron. The Secretary of the Navy, Hon. Benjamin F. 
Tracy, being unable to be present, the first assistant-secretary, James 
R. Soley, represented him and the Department. His speech at the 
banquet was a splendid tribute to the navy and to the merchant 
marine of this country and was received with great applause and close 
attention. 

The committee did not relax its efforts to have a war vessel named 
for Gloucester and had the assurance from the Department that it 
would be done at an early date. 

Those who had charge of the reception to the war ships were 
mostly veterans of the War of the Rebellion, many of them having 
served in the navy at that time with the greatest credit for deeds of 
daring and courage. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



243 



The committee were : — 

John F. Bickford. 
William Reblin. 
Benjamin F. Blatchford. 
Robert Tarr. 
Robert C. McKenzie. 
Harry Bray. 
Edward C. Friend. 
Joseph Green. 
Edward E. Bowman. 
Martin V. Burke. 



Edward B. Center. 
John J. Davis. 
James R. Somes. 
Fitz E. Griffin. 
James T. Seaver. 
Matthias Johnson. 
John T. Russell. 
Lemuel Friend. 
Frederick Allen, Jr. 
Ezra L. Phillips. 



^xt mxA %omx. 



\i 



THE ART AND LOAN EXHIBITION. 



A FEATURE of the anniversary, and one which attracted great 
attention, was the Art and Loan Exhibition held at the High 
School building. The committee who were in charge were enthusiastic 
in their devotion to the work, and indefatigable in their labors. The 
chairman, Mrs. Mary P. Lloyd, and the secretary, Mrs. Henry Center, 
worked day and night to get together a representative collection of the 
antique and artistic from the many homes on Cape Ann, and their 
efforts were ably seconded by their fellow-workers on the committee. 
Miss Marion Hovey, a well-known summer resident, much interested 
in old Gloucester, contributed generously in money as well as loaning 
many rare and valuable paintings from her own home. The exhibition 
was opened only the week of the celebration, but crowds of people 
attended and were dehghted. In connection with the exhibit a 
souvenir silver scarf pin was sold representing a fishing schooner under 
full rig with the dates 1642-189 2 in raised work, and found ready 
purchasers. 

The following excellent account is taken from the columns of the 
Daily Times : — 

ANTIQUE AND ARTISTIC. 



An Interesting Feature of Anniversary Week. 



OPENING OF THE EXHIBITION IN HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING. 

A feature of this anniversary week is the exhibition of ancient 
articles and works of art in the High School building. 

There were two departments, one devoted to works of art and 
similar articles in the large hall. The other, named the " Quaint 
Corner," or " Century Room," a room filled with old-fashioned 
furniture. 

A Ti7nes representative spent an hour there yesterday afternoon, 
and something of what he saw is told here. In one show case are a 
number of ancient documents, among them being copies of several 
documents relative to Thacher's Island lighthouses, copied from the 
originals in the archives at the State House in Boston. Three of 
them are reproduced here as follows : 

247 



248 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Jonathn Sargent Bot of Nathn Sargent 
2m of matchd Boards « 49 p m 
3m Shingles a 18 p m 
for the use of the Light House 
Reed the above in full 

To Self and i Son working on Thatchers Island 
24 d 8. per day, 
To I son as a labourer 4 
To 2 Ct wt bread a 4.30 

JONOTHAN Sargent 

John. Clough 



Gloucester. Aug 20 1765 

jC 4.16.10 
2.14. o 
7.10. o 

Nathl Sargent 



£ 19-4 
4.16 

3 



Gloucester, January 9 1765 
Mr Devens Sir Please Return To Capt John Oakes The Rum flowers & 
Pork which I sent for By Capt Benjamin James 

Jos.H Clough 



The State of New Hampshire 
1785 

To labour on Thatchers Island 2 
days a 8 
Sept 

To Cutting & altering ye lightning 
Rod and braces 



To Aaron Sargent Dr 

£ s d 

16 o 



^2 O 

Aaron Sargent 
Josh Clough 



The art department contains many finely executed works, 
including numerous family portraits, A painting of Eastern Point 
before the lighthouse was built shows the ship " Canton " in the 
foreground. It was the work of Capt. John Haskell of that ship. 

A piece of >room paper from the walls of the old Ellery House, 
the first wall paper used in Gloucester, is exhibited. 

Among the many documents is a warrant from King George's 
treasurer and receiver general in Boston, issued in July, 1748, ordering 
" the Select-Men or Assessors of the Town or District of Gloucester 
* * * in his Majesty's Name to will and require you to assess the Sum 
of One Thousand One Hundred Eighty three pounds three shillings & 
three pence." 




Old Fort and Harbor, 1S37 (Lane). 
Sketch of Gloucester, 1817 (Beach). 
Sketch of Gloucester, 1830 (Lane). 



ii 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 249 

Then there is a declaration signed in 1776 by some fifty Gloucester 
men, that " We the Subscribers, Do each of us fervently for ourselves, 
profess, and declare, before God and the World that we believe the 
War, Resistance and Opposition in which the United American Colonies 
are now engaged, against the Fleets and Armies of Great-Britain, is 
on the Part of said Colonies, just and necessary," etc. 

A certificate of the Gloucester Fire department bearing a picture 
of an ancient hand engine, "Certifies that William Ellery is a member 
of Engine Company No. 4," is dated April 25, 1832, and is signed by 
Eli Stacy, engineer. 

Harrison Ellery of Boston, a native of Gloucester, has on exhibi- 
tion a collection of the Ellery family portraits and coat of arms. 

George Parsons contributes a variety of china dishes, all from 
seventy-five to one hundred years old and decorated in old fashioned 
style. On some plates are houses in Boston and New York. 

An interesting bit of fancy work is a frame inscribed in letters 
worked in silk, " Hannah Masters Her Sampler May 8 1768." 

A pitcher that was once, two hundred years ago, the property of 
George Riggs, son of Thomas Riggs, one of the first settlers of River- 
dale, is shown by Mrs. E. B. Center. 

On one table is a collection of blue china of various kinds, all over 
a century old. One plate bears a reproduction of the State House at 
Boston, as it appeared at that time. 

Another piece of family work which shows evidence of much labor 
and painstaking is a Clark family tree worked in silk on canvas in 1832 
by Mary B. Clark, mother of Mayor Andrews, and sister of Col. John 
Clark. 

A glance at a view of Gloucester in 181 7 shows how the city has 
grown and improved since that time. 

An impression of the great seal of the United States, something 
seldom seen, is of interest. So is one of George Washington's dinner 
plates in the same case. 

A table at the front of the hall shows a collection of military relics. 
One is a water bucket of the old Gloucester Artillery, inscribed, " G. 
A. — 1787." A soldier's cap worn by Henry White in the Revolution 
and perforated by bullet holes; a plume worn in the war of 181 2; 
sword worn by Capt Nathaniel Warner, Commander of the Gloucester 
company at Bunker Hill; drum used by Daniel Robinson in 1812, 
canteen carried by Capt. Edward Staten of the old Gloucester 
Artillery ; razor taken from the pocket of a dead British soldier during 
the Revolution ; razor used by George Washington, — are among the 
things shown on this table. 



250 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

There is a memento of the great fire in 1864, in the shape of a 
sword which was carried in the RebelHon by Capt. David W. Low, and 
which was taken from the ruins of the Low mansion, which stood 
opposite the post office on the site of the First National Bank block. 

A seven -dollar bill, a sample of the first money issued in America, 
about one hundred and seventeen years ago, 

A copy of the first directory published in Gloucester, by Procter 
Bros., in i860, a small book about 6x4 inches, with one hundred and 
ninety-two pages, is worth more than a glance. It would be interest- 
ing, had we space, to give a comparison between the names within its 
covers and those of the most recent edition. 

A sun dial of slate, one hundred and fifty years old, loaned by 
Fred. W. Tibbets, is claimed to be as capable of accurate time as 
ever. Another thing in the time line is a watch about the size of a 
small clock, which the Duke of Buckingham gave to Thomas Spraet, 
Dean of Westminster, in 1689. 

Over in the " Quaint Corner " is material for more than an hour's 
observation. On a secretary used by Rev. Thomas Jones, second 
pastor of the Universalist church, which he brought over from England 
in 1796, are two pairs of slippers such as were worn by belles of a cen- 
tury and more ago, with heels some three inches high and less than an 
inch in diameter. 

Two candle-sticks which were once used by William Tuck, second 
collector for the district of Gloucester in 1796, rest near a spinnet 
which was brought from England a century or so ago for Mrs. Mary 
H. Gilbert, when she was a little girl. One can get music from it if 
the right keys are struck. 

An umbrella frame once used to keep the rain from the head of 
Thomas Riggs, who was town clerk for fifty-one years and died 
in 1720, stands in a chair one hundred years old, beside the first 
parasol ever carried in Rockport, which still has its original green silk 
cover. 

A tithing pole used in the old church on Meeting House green 
looks as if it might have done good service in its day. 

A card on the back of a large red arm chair states that it was 
used one hundred and twenty-four years ago by Joseph Procter, 
attached to a pair of shafts, in which to ride about town. He was 
the first member of the Procter family to settle in Gloucester. 

A wooden cradle, roughly made of boards, has rocked babies to 
sleep since one hundred and seventy-four years ago, and is capable 
of more work yet. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



251 



A high post bed from the old Gilbert House occupies a conspicu- 
ous position. Near by are spinning wheels, rush bottom chairs, etc. 

In one corner is a very old bureau and severaltables. 

On and hung about the walls are several calashes, or a kind of 
bonnet commonly worn half a century ago. " It resembles a rag bag," 
said one lady visitor, and it did. Near by, more articles of old style 
furniture, wearing apparel, such as hoop skirts, corsets, and bustles. 

On the platform is a reproduction of Front street as it looked 
before the fire of 1830. The houses are represented by faithfully 
executed models. 

There are hundreds of other interesting things on exhibition and 
every resident of Gloucester and visitor will be repaid by a visit to the 
display before it closes. 

The catalogue pubUshed by the committee is as follows : — 



1642. 



GLOUCESTER ART AND LOAN EXHIBITION. 
PICTURE CATALOGUE. 



1892 



Artist. 

Mrs. Belle D. Hodgkins 
Wm. M. Hunt 



German Artist 



No. Subject. 

1 A Bit of Annisquam. 

2 Study of the Loaf at Coffin's Beach. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

3 Franklin discovering Electricity. 

Loaned by Mrs. B. D. Hodgkins. 

4 The Old Homestead. Mrs. Belle D. Hodgkins 

^ . T> ■ ^ Kilby W. Elwell 

5 Eastern Pouit. i^^^u^ 

Loaned by D. S. Watson. 

6 Portrait of My Grandmother, from Life. Mrs. Emma Todd Wetherell 



7 Study of Beach. 

8 Marine. 

9 Marine. 

ID Marine. 



Loaned by D. S. Watson. 

Loaned by C. W. Trask. 
Loaned by C. W. Trask. 



11 Study in Oil. 

12 Gloucester Harbor. 

13 Old Ellery Homestead. 

Front view. 

14 Old Ellery Homestead. 

Back view. 

15 Cherokee Roses. 

16 Tea Roses. 

17 The Baron Proposing Walstein to Caroline. 

Loaned by Miss Annie H. DoUiver. 



Kilby W. Elwell 

Fitz H. Lane 
Fitz H. Lane 

Fitz H. Lane 

Col. J. A. Cook 

J. B. Foster 

Miss Sarah E. Ellery 

Miss Sarah E. Ellery 

Miss Ellery 
A. Mitchell 



252 Tiro HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Noi Subject. Artist. 

18 Disinteressment de Phoeion. 

Loaned by Miss A. H. Dolliver. 

19 Lindorf 's First View of Caroline. 

Loaned by Miss A. H. Dolliver. 

20 Le Bon Commerce. 

Loaned by Miss A. H. Dolliver. 

21 L'Apprentissage. 

Loaned by INIiss A. H. Dolliver. 

22 Pigal. 

Loaned by Miss A. H. Dolliver. 

23 

24 The Dipping Well in Hyde Park, London, 1802. 

Loaned by Mrs. R. M. Brown. 

25 The Drinking Well in Hyde Park, London, 1802. 

26 Roses. 

27 Masonic Picture. 

28 Masonic Picture. 

29 Masonic Picture. 

30 Masonic Picture. 

31 Tallo Ho. 

32 Gloucester Harbor. 



Sara E. Bradley 



Loaned by Mrs. D. T. Babson. 
Loaned by Mrs. D. T. Babson. 
Loaned by Mrs. D. T. Babson. 
Loaned by Mrs. D. T. Babson. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 



Stephen Parrish 



33 Old Ellery Homestead. 

34 Afternoon in the Harbor. 

35 Rocks, Cape Ann. 

36 Portrait. 
2)'] Portrait. 

38 Mother and Child. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. M. O'Bear 

39 Marine. 

Loaned by S. A. Stacy. 

40 A Smart Blow. 

Loaned by S. A. Stacy. 

41 Marine. 

Loaned by S. A. Stacy. 

42 View of Gloucester, 1844. 

43 Madonna Correggio. 

Loaned by J. J. Healy. 

44 Mater Dolorosa. 

Loaned by J. J. Healy. 

45 Feeding the Young. M. Mencei 

Loaned by J. J. Healy. 

46 Coffin's Beach. Fitz H. Lane 

Loaned by D. W. Low. 

47 Canal Beach, Stage Fort and Norman's Woe. 

M. B. Mellen after F. H. Lane 

Loaned by Mrs. Edw. Grover. 



Parker Mann 

Parker Mann 

Miss Helen M. Knowlton 

Joseph Herrick 

Thomas Wilder, 1837 
Fitz H. Lane 
Fitz H. Lane 
Fitz H. Lane 
Fitz H. Lane 




Gloucester, l.s55 (Lane). 
Gloucester, 1844 (Lane). 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



253 



No. Subject. Artist. 

48 Old Fort and Ten Pound Island. 

Loaned by Mrs. Edw. Grover. 

49 Portrait. Capt. Frederick C. Low 

50 Handsome Tom, Tea Merchant of Canton, China. 

Loaned by D. W, Low. 

51 Mirror. Lulu E. Low 

53 The Lost Dogs. Sara E. Bradley 

54 Charlotte Corday. Sara E. Bradley 

55 Century Room, Hovey Mansion, Fresh Water Cove. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

56 Century Room, Hovey Mansion, Fresh Water Cove. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 



57 


Madonna. 


Loaned by J. J. Healy. 




58 


Chickens. 


Loaned by J. J. Healy. 




59 


Rocky Pond. 




Sara N. Bartle 


60 


Sunset. 




Eugenie M. Heller 


61 


Sketch. 


Loaned by Mrs. Edward DoUiver. 


Fitz H. Lane 


62 


Ancient Hand Painting. 








Loaned by Mrs. Edward Dolliver. 




63 


Ancient Hand Painting. 








Loaned by Mrs. Edward Dolliver. 




64 


Scene in Maine. 


Loaned by Mrs. Chas. P. Thompson. 


Fitz H. Lane 


65 


Samples from Century Room, Hovey Mansion. 








Loaned by Miss Hovey. 


1 


66 


Parchment. 


Loaned by Mr. Wm. W^illiams. 




67 


Portrait. 


Loaned by Mrs. John Lloyd. 


C. Gore 


68 


Old House at Annisquam. 


C. Sayles 


69 


View at Annisquam 




M. Sayles 


70 


Water Color. 




M. Rouzee 



Loaned by Mrs. L. E. Friend. 

71 Cherries. 

72 Columbines. 

73 Apple Blossoms. 
74 

75 
76 

'J'] Sunset, Gloucester Harbor. 

78 Rainy Day, Gloucester. 

79 Study of Willows. 

80 A Gray Day, Gloucester Harbor. 

81 Old Ellery House. 

82 Magnolia Shore. 

Loaned by Mrs. C. S. Tappan. 



Miss Parmenter 

Miss Parmenter 

Miss Parmenter 

B. E. Perrie 

B. E Perrie 

B. E. Perrie 

Miss Helen RL Knowlton 

Miss Helen M. Knowlton 

R. Tappan 

Miss E. M. Heller 

Miss E. M. Heller 

D. Jerome Elwell 



254 



TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



No. Subject. 

83 Lilacs. 

Loaned by Mrs. C. S. Tappan. 

84 Portrait. 

85 Cathedral, Gloucester, England. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. S. Tappan. 

86 Portrait. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. S. Tappan. 

87 Water Color, 

Loaned by Miss Carrie M. Procter. 

88 " Paint Dollie, Too." 

Loaned by Mrs. R. M. Brown. 

89 View of Gloucester. 

Loaned by F. W. Tibbets. 

90 Mt. Desert. 

91 Portrait. 

92 Portrait. 

93 Harbor View. 

94 Old Fort. 



Loaned by Mrs. David Plumer. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. J. Babson. 
Loaned by Mrs. J, J. Babson. 



Loaned by Mrs. Loring B. Haskell 

95 At the Wharf, Gloucester Harbor, $100, 

96 Marine. 

Loaned by J. E. Somes. 

97 Sketch of Dartmoor Prison, 181 2 (done in blood). 

Loaned by F. W. Tibbets. 

98 Paraphrase on the Lord's Prayer. 

99 Portrait. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

100 Portrait. Mary Green, Wife of Solomon Cotton. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

loi Map, United States, 1852. 

102 Fitz H. Lane, age 28. 

Loaned by Mrs. Asa G. Andrews. 

103 Declaration of Independence. 

104 Needle Work done in 1788. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

105 Copy from DeHaas. 

Loaned by Mrs. Loring B. Haskell. 

106 On the Trail to Pike's Peak. 

107 A Brown Study. 

108 Cardinal McCloskey. 

Loaned by J. J. Healy. 

109 Still Life. 

Loaned by J. J. Healy. 

no Annisquam Beach, near Lighthouse. 

111 Portrait of Mrs. Helen Dolliver. 

Loaned by Miss A. H. Dolliver 

112 Eastern Point. 

Loaned by Mrs. Henry Center. 

113 Riverdale. 

Loaned by Mrs. E. P. Ring. 



Artist. 

Miss Fanny G. Babson 
Capt. Samuel Giles 



John Tappan Beach 

J. K. Thurston 

Sara E. Bradley 

Fitz H. Lane 

Fitz H. Lane 

Major John Mason 
Fitz H. Lane 

Fitz H. Lane 

Capt. Addison Center 



J. B. Foster 
Capt. Addison Center 

Captain Tibbets 
Solomon Cotton 

J. H. Daniels 



Capt. Addison Center 

Capt. Addison Center 
E. M. Heller 



M. Mencei 

Jennie W. Gregg 
Mrs. Emma Todd Elwell 

J. B. Foster 
Fitz H. Lane 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



255 



No. 
114 

116 
118 
119 



123 

124 
125 
126 
127 
128 
129 
130 

132 

134 

135 
136 

137 
138 

139 
140 
141 
142 

143 
144 

145 
146 

147 
148 

150 

152 



Subject. 

Study in Still Life. 
Water Color. 

Loaned by J. E. Garland. 

Jacobus Wilhelmus Imhof. Old Engraving. 

Loaned by J. E. Garland. 

Water Color. 

Loaned by J. E. Garland. 

Coat-of-Arms, Gee Family. 

Loaned .by W. L. Hodgkins. 

Coat-of-Arms, Brown Family. 

Loaned by W. L. Hodgkins. 

The Angel Appearing to the Shepherds. 

Loaned by Mrs. E. P. Ring. 

Meditations on the Suffering of Christ. 

Loaned by Mrs. E. P. Ring. 

Serious Dreamer. 

Loaned by Mrs. E. P. Ring. 

Near Plum Cove. 

Diamond Cove Rocks. 

Opposite Craig Cottage. 

Rocky Neck. 

Arbutus . 

First Parish Church. 

Willows. 

Arbutus. 

Old Ellery House from the Street. 

Fish Wharf. 

Annisquam Lighthouse. 

Roses. 

Silk Design. 

Design for Wall Paper. 

Design for Wall Paper. 

Silk Design. 

Ceiling Decoration. 

Silk Design. 

Silk Design. 

Silk Design. 

Wall Paper. 

Ceiling and Wall. 

Portrait of English Dray Horses. Copy. 
Revolutionary War Documents. 
Portrait. Rev. Daniel Fuller. 
Simon Winship's Commission. 

Loaned Mrs. J. S. Tappan. 

Old Fort, 1828. 

Loaned by Mrs. John Lloyd. 



Artist. 

Mrs. J. E. Garland 
Geo. W. Harvev 



Geo. W. Harvey 



J. W. Gregg 

J. W. Gregg 

R. Tappan 

R. Tappan 

Sara E. Bradley 

Sara E. Bradley 

Sara E. Bradley 

Sara E. Bradley 

Sara E. Bradley 

R. Tappan 

J. W. Gregg 

Sara N. Bartle 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine M. Follansbee 

Catherine ^L Follansbee 

Mrs. J. S. Tappan 



Chas. Llovd 



256 TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

No. Subject. Artist. 

153 Portrait Benj. F. Butler. 

Loaned by D. S. Watson. 

154 Gen. Butler's Residence, Washington. 

Loaned by D. S. Watson. 

155 The Sistine Madonna. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. S. Tappan. 

156 Portrait. Dr. Chas. H. Hildreth. 

157 At Fontainebleau. 



158 Portrait. 

159 Portrait. 



Loaned by Mrs. R. M. Brown. 
Loaned by Howard Adams. 



Sara E. Bradley 
Mrs. Geo. Adams 
Mr. Geo. Adams 



Loaned by Howard Adams. 

160 Portrait. Zebulon Stanwood. 

Loaned by Barnard Stanwood. 

161 Portrait. Barnard Stanwood. 

162 Ship Canton, with Eastern Point before the Lighthouse was built. 

Loaned by J. C. Calef. 

163 Marine. Fitz H. Lane 

Loaned by Allan Rogers. 

164 Worsted Picture. Jacob's Grief at Joseph's Death. 

Mrs. Wm. D. Lufkin 

165 Copy from Lane. 

Loaned by C. E. Grover. 

166 Portrait. Capt. Wm. Grover. 

167 Artist Brook, White Mountains. 

Loaned by C. E. Grover. 

168 Wharf. 

Loaned by Mrs. Fred A. Barker. 

169 Hodgkins' Mill. 

170 Marine Coast Guard. 

171 Portrait. John K. Rogers. 

Contributed by J. E. Garland. 

172 View of Gloucester, 1817. 

Loaned by Mrs. Asa G. Andrews. 

173 View of Gloucester. 

Loaned by Dr. Conant. 

174 Old Stanwood Farm House. 

Loaned by Barnard Stanwood. 

175 Old Powder House, Somerville, 1776. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. J. Somes. 

176 Emblems, America. 

Loaned by Thomas Hals. 

177 Battle of Marengo. 

Loaned by Thomas Hale. 

1 78 Battle of Hohenlinden. 

Loaned by Thomas Hale. 

179 Stanton House, East Gloucester. 

Loaned by Alex. Pattillo. 

180 After the Storm. 

Loaned by Alex. Pattillo. 



Tuckerman 

Champney 
Steven Parrish 

Mrs. B. D. Hodgkins 
G. T. Margeson 

Capt. John Beach, Jr. 

Fitz H. Lane 

John Brainard 



Carlton T. Chapman 
J. M. Barnsley 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



257 



No. Subject. 

181 The Tribute Money. Worsted Picture. 

182 Water Color. 

Loaned by Mrs. Fred A. Barker. 

183 Portrait. 

184 Japanese Vase, Bronze. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

185 Vittoria Colonna, Bronze. 

Loaned by Mrs. C. S. Tappan. 

186 Painted Screen. 

187 Statue. Higliland Mary. 

Loaned by Mrs. C. S. Tappan. 

188 Teak Wood Chair from Bombay 

189 Bridal Chest. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

190 Portrait. Father Aquarone. 

Loaned by Procter Brothers. 

191 Riggs Barn, Annisquam. 

192 Road to Mangolia. 

193 Annisquam Light. 

194 Portrait. George Washington. 

Loaned by Mrs. Brackett. 

195 Portrait. Martha Washington. 

Loaned by Mrs. Brackett. 

196 Portrait. Miriam Cook. 

Loaned by Rev. William F. Cook. 

197 Study. 

Loaned by Mrs. S. A. Sherburne. 

198 Portrait. Capt. Parker Burnham. 

199 Portrait. Capt. Tibbets. 

200 Manchester Point. 

Loaned by Mrs. George H. Newell. 

201 Water Color. 

Loaned by Mrs. George H. Newell. 

202 Mt. Desert. 

Loaned by Mrs. George H. Newell. 

203 Portal, Gloucester Cathedral, England. 

Loaned by Miss Susan Mansfield. 

204 Portrait. 

Loaned by Fred L. Stacy. 

205 Last of the Surinam Fleet. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. M. Todd. 

206 Opposite Craig Cottage. 

207 Old Ellery House. 

208 Tarr's Railway. 

209 Old Presson House. 

210 Picture owned by the late Count Trask. 

Loaned by Mrs. Sarah A. Fisher. 

211 French Picture. 

Loaned by B. F. Cook. 

212 French Picture. 

Loaned by B. F. Cook. 



Artist. 

Mrs. E. W. Merchant 
Geo. W. Harvey 

Master Moore 



Miss Ida Tappan 
Mrs. G. A. Lane 



Mrs. Belle D. Hodgkins 
Mrs. Belle D. Hodgson 
Mrs. Belle D. Hodgson 



Geo. W. Harvey 

Geo. W. Harvey 

Carlton T. Chapman 

Geo. W. Harvey 

Fitz H. Lane 

Fitz H. Lane 

R. Tappan 

R. Tappan 

R. Tappan 

Miss Sarah A. Fisher 



258 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Artist. 



Loaned by Aaron Parsons. 
Loaned by Aaron Parsons. 
Loaned by Aaron Parsons. 



No. Subject. 

213 Spring. 

214 Summer. 

215 Autumn. 

216 Winter. 

Loaned by Aaron Parsons. 

217 Portrait. James Appleton. 

Loaned by D. A. Appleton. 

218 First Picture Painted by Lucy Ellery. 

Loaned by Mrs. Robinson. 

219 Washington's Reception at Trenton, N. J. 

Loaned by John W. Brown. 

220 Pencil Picture. Washington Wright. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

221 Portrait. Capt. Tliomas Ireland. 

222 Cattle. W. Pearson 

Loaned by Geo. J. Marsh. 

223 Landscape. W. Pearson 

Loaned by Geo. J. Marsh. 

224 Portrait. Addison Gilbert. 

225 Sketch. Fitz H. Lane 

Loaned by Geo. J. Marsh. 

226 Portrait. Howard Lane. Done in Japan. 

227 Portrait. Daughter of H. Lane. Done in Japan. 

228 Portrait. Mrs. Howard Lane. Done in Japan. 

229 Samples Wrought by Elizabeth A. Sawyer. 

Loaned by Elizabeth M . Wonson. 

230 View. Gloucester, 1875. 

Loaned by J. O. Procter. 

231 Portrait. Geo. Washington. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

232 72d Doge of Venice. 

Lf aned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

233 Antique Plaque, The Trinity. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

234 Old Wedgwood Plate. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

235 Rev. Ezra Leonard's Plate. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

236 Original Portrait of Lord Byron. Boehme 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

237 Cedar Cones from Lebanon. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

238 Washington Dinner Plate. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

239 Souvenir of Baden Plate made by Enoch Wood & Son. Burslea 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

240 Wood Carving, 1505. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

241 Souvenir of Baden. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



259 



No. 
242 

243 
244 

245 
246 
247 
248 

249 
250 
251 
252 

253 
254 

255 

256 
257 
258 
259 

260 

261 

262 

263 

264 

265 
266 

267 

268 

269 
270 



Subject. 

Pewter Candlestick. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

Egyptian Lamp. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

Egyptian Funeral Statue. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

Egyptian Statue. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

Lion of Lucerne. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

Original Painting of Sir Walter Scott. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

Dell's History of Venetia, 1680. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

Sandrart, 1675. 

Loaned by Fitz E. Riggs. 

Old Presson House. 

Loaned by D. S. Presson. 

Water Color. 

Loaned by Mrs. George H. Newell. 

Waiting for the Fog to Lift. 

Loaned by Everett Lane. 

Water Color. 

Loaned by Mrs. George H. NeweM. 

Louis XVL Done in Plaster. 

Loaned by Barnard Stanwood. 

Marie Antoinette. Done in Plaster. 

Loaned by Barnard Stanwood. 

Rocky Neck Landing. 
Low Tide at Annisquam. 
Corn. 
Schooner. 

Needlework. 

Spring. 

Summer. 

Autumn. 

Winter. 



Artist. 



Boehme 



Geo. W. Harvey 

Geo, W. Harvey 

J. B. Foster 



Wm. J. Whittemore 

Mrs. Belle D. Hodgkins 

Mrs. Sarah A. Fisher 

Fitz H. Lane 



Loaned by John Lloyd. 

Loaned by Mrs. Henry E. Merchant. 

Loaned by Capt. John Anderson. 

Loaned by Capt. John Anderson. 

Loaned by Capt. John Anderson. 

Loaned by Capt. John Anderson. 



Wreck 
Baker's Island. 



G. T. Margeson 
Fitz H. Lane 



Loaned by William Gardner. 

Screen, designed by Miss Helen M. Mansfield, worked by Mrs. J. O. 
Procter, Jr. 

Loaned by Mrs. Wm. H. Jordan. 

Screen, worked by Miss Annie Pearce. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. Lloyd. 

Fishing Vessel Becalmed. D. S. Wheeler 

Portrait. Charles Sumner. Capt. Addison Center 

Loaned by A. P. Parkhurst. 



26o 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



No. 
271 

272 

273 
274 
275 
276 
277 
278 
279 
280 



282 
283 

284 
285 



286 



287 



288 



Loaned by Mrs. A. Center. 

Loaned by Mrs. A. Center. 

Loaned by Mrs. A. Center. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. Lloyd. 



Capt. Addison Center 
Capt. Addison Center 
Capt. Addison Center 
Capt. Addison Center 



Embroidered by Lottie H. 
G. W. Harvey 



290 



Subject. 

Piano Lamp. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. S. Tappan. 

Scene on Annisquam River. 

Loaned by Mrs. A. Center. 

Landscape. 
Annisquam River. 
Landscape. 
Crepe ShawL 
Crepe Shawl. 

Loaned by Mrs. George P. Rust. 

Curtain Embroidered by Mrs. Judge Holmes. 

Loaned by Miss Hovey. 

Table Cover, showing story of Wm. Tell. 

Friend. 
View of Venice. 

Loaned by Everett Lane. 

Collection of Flowers and Fruit painted from nature, by Jean Louis 
Prevest. Paris, 1805. 

Loaned by Mrs. Thomas Conant. 

Portrait. Col. John Low. 

Portrait. John Somes Low. 

Portrait. Capt. Fred. G. Low. 

Framed Embroidery of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, wrought 
in silk on satin, by Mrs. Nathaniel Ellery, in 1740, when she was 
ten years old. She was a daughter of Deacon William Parsons, a 
merchant and large landholder of Gloucester. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

Framed embroidered Coat of Arms of the Sargent Family, inscribed 
" Nathaniel and Mary Ellery Anno Domini, 1745." Capt. 
Nathaniel Ellery married Ann Sargent, sister of Col. Epes 
Sargent. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

Framed certificate of the Gloucester Fire Department of April 25, 1832, 
issued to William Ellery. It has an old hand fire engine engraved 
on it. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

Framed photograph of Madame Ellery, from the original portrait by 
Copley. This month is the 200th anniversary of her birth. Her 
brother. Col. Epes Sargent, an eminent merchant of Gloucester, 
was also painted by Copley. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

Framed engraving of the Rev. William Ellery Channing, a descendant 
of ancient Gloucester. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

Scrap Book containing old bills of Gloucester private schools, tax bills, 
bill of sales of vessels, insurance policies, etc. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 26 1 



No 



Subject. Artist. 

291 Printed Pedigree of tlie Ellery Family. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

292 Signals established for the Flag Staff, erected by order of the Board for 

Sea Coast Defence from Cape Ann to Boston, Sept. 27, 18 14. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

293 Photographs from the ancient family portraits of the Ellery family. 
Hon. Benjamin Ellery, Esq., born in Gloucester, Sept. 6, 1669, 

died in Newport, R. I., July 26, 1746. He removed from Gloucester 
to Rhode Island, where he attained wealth and distinction, serving 
as judge, assistant, speaker of the House of Deputies, etc. He was 
generally called the admiral. 
Madam Abigail Ellery (wife of above), born in Boston in 1677, 

died in Newport, Dec. 15, 1742- A daughter of John Wilkins. 
Capt. John Ellery, born in Gloucester, June 25, 1681, died in 
Boston, July 20, 1742. He removed from Gloucester to Boston, 
where he became a prosperous merchant. 
Mrs. Jane Ellery (wife of above), born in Cambridge, Mass., May 
2, 1691, died October, 1739. She was the daughter of the famous 
Capt. John Bonner, who made the map of Boston in 1722. 
Madam Ann Ellery (wife of Capt. Nathaniel Ellery, merchant of 
Gloucester), born Aug. 6, 1692, died Oct. 8, 1782. Daughter of 
William Sargent, 2d, of Gloucester, and sister of Col. Epes Sargent, 
who was also painted by Copley. 
Hon. William Ellery, Esq., Deputy Governor of Rhode Island, 
father of Hon. William Ellery, a signer of the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence. Born Oct. 31, 1701, died March 15, 1764. Graduated 
. at Harvard College in 1722. 
Mr. Benjamin Ellery, born March 23, 1705, died May, 1722, 

unmarried; son of Hon. Benjamin Ellery, of Newport. 
Benjamin Ellery, Esq., born Feb. 5, 1725, died Dec. 12, 1797. 

Graduated at Harvard College, 174?- Brother of the signer. 
Jane Ellery, born December, 1745; died August, 1787; grand- 
daughter of Capt. John Ellery. 
Rachel Stevens Ellery, born in Gloucester, March 12, 1750; died 
in Gloucester, Nov. 20, 1833. 

Daniel Rogers, Esq., born ; died in Gloucester, where he was 

an eminent merchant ; husband of above. 
Lucy Ellery, born Sept. 21, 1752; died May 25, 1834. Painted by 
Washington Allston. Wife of Hon. William Channing, and 
mother of William Ellery Channing. 
Mrs. Ann Ellery, born Oct. 16,1790; died Aug. 16, i860 ; daughter 
of John Ballard, and wife of Epes Ellery, of Boston and Balti- 
more. By Doyle. 
John Stevens Ellery, born in Gloucester July 29, 1773; died Nov. 
6, 1845 ; a '■'ch merchant of Boston. By Stuart. 



262 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



No. Subject. Artist. 

Mrs. Ann Ellery, by Chester Harding. Wife of John Stevens 

Ellery. 
Timothy Davis, born in Gloucester in 1768; died June 18, 1830. 

From a pastel taken in France, in possession of the late John 

Tyler Davis, of West Parish, Gloucester. 
Photograph of Ellery House, of Gloucester. Several views exterior 

and interior of the old Ellery House up in town 
Mansion built by Nathaniel Ellery in 1750, now the Gilbert Home. 
Mansion built by John Stevens Ellery, Sen., corner of Middle and 

Hancock Streets, it being the first three-story mansion built in 

Gloucester. 

294 Part of old wax work made by Madam Ellery, of the old Ellery House 

up in town. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

295 Old pitcher made in Liverpool for Capt. Daniel Sayward, with his 

monogram therein. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

296 Old bed quilt made by Harriet Foster Sayward in 1810, from calico 

taken from the wreck of the ship ^' Howard." She was the wife of 
William Ellery, of Gloucester. 

Loaned by Harrison Ellery. 

Eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, in 1794. 

Loaned by Mrs. Samuel Jones. 



297 
298 
299 
300 
301 
302 
303 

305 

306 

307 
308 

309 
310 

311 
312 

313 

314 



Old Fort. 

Ten Pound Island. 
Morning in Venice. 
Fishing Boats. 
Water Color. 
Water Color. 



Loaned by Mrs. Henry Center. 
Loaned by Everett Lane. 
Loaned by Everett Lane. 
Loaned by Everett Lane. 
Loaned by Everett Lane. 
Loaned by Everett Lane. 



G. W. Harvey 
E. A. Harvey 
G. W. Harvey 
G. W. Harvey 
E. A. Harvey 
E. A. Harvey 



Tomb of Washington. 

Loaned by Miss Susan Watson. 

Japanese Portiere. 

Loaned by Mrs. D. N. Beach. 

Embroidery for Chinese Jacket. 

Mirror Cover. 

Chinese Jacket. 

Chinese Skirt. 

Dress of North China Lady. 

Shoes worn by North China Lady in wet weather. 

Shoes worn by Chinese Child. 

Shoes of Chinese Lady. 

Shoes of Lady of South China. 

306 to 314, inclusive, loaned by Mrs. D. E. Woodbury. 



' 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



263 



No. Subject. 

315 Portrait. Capt. Timothy Davis. 

Loaned by Mrs. J. T. Davis. 

316 French Picture, 18 13. 

Loaned by E. B. Center. 

317 French Picture, 181 5. 

Loaned by E. B. Center. 

318 French Picture. 

Loaned by E. B. Center. 

320 Water Color. 

Loaned by Everett Lane. 

321 Water Color. 

Loaned by Everett Lane. 



E. A. Harvey 
E. A. Harvey 



Photographs Loaned by E. J. Dyer. 

Old Church at West Gloucester. 

Old Murray Church. 

Whale's Jaw, Dogtown Common 

Water Carriers, Mazatlan, Mexico. 

Eucal3^ptus. 

An extremely interesting collection of pictures was that made by Company 
G, Eighth Regiment, M. V. M., at their armory on Duncan Street. After a 
great deal of time and trouble, they had secured the portraits of all their 
commanders since their organization as a military company, over a century 
ago. Beside these, they exhibited many other interesting military pictures, 
trophies, and flags, and a large number of people visited the armory during 
the week. 

THE COMMITTEE. 



Mrs. Mary P. Lloyd. 
Mrs. Ellen M. Bunce. 
Mrs. William W. French. 
Mrs. Charles Prindall. 
Mrs. John J. Somes. 
Mrs. John EUery. 
Mrs. John S. Tappan. 
Mrs. Charles S. Tappan. 
Mrs. Louise Low. 
Mrs. Judith M. Todd. 
Mrs. David Plumer. 
Mrs. D. Somes Watson. 
Mrs. Thomas B. Ferguson. 
Mrs. Annie Hap good. 
Mrs. Henry Center. 
Mrs. George Steele. 



Mrs. Wilmot A. Reed. 
Mrs. David S. Presson. 
Miss Marion Hovey. 
Miss Ida Tappan. 
Miss Susan Mansfield. 
Miss Susie Babson. 
Miss Maria Loring. 
Miss Nellie Wonson. 
Miss Annie H. Dolliver. 
Miss Hattie B. Clough. 
Miss Georgianna Parsons. 
Miss Josephine Dolliver. 
Miss Clara B. Corliss. 
Miss Julia Babson. 
Miss Laura Wonson. 
Miss Lucy Burnham. 



264 



TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 



Mrs. John E. Thurston. 
Mrs. Sarah M. Johnston. 
Mrs. Charles H. Hildreth. 
Mrs. Howard Steele. 
Mrs. J. Franklin Dyer. 
Mrs. EUzabeth S. P. Ward. 
Mrs. Asa G. Andrews. 
Mrs. William H. Pomeroy. 
Mrs. George M. Wonson. 
Mrs. Thomas J. Knowles. 
Mrs. William S. Procter. 
Mrs. William D. Lufkin. 
Mrs. Sarah J. Tuck. 
Mrs. Joseph O. Procter. 
Mrs. Simeon A. Burnham. 
Mrs. Bennett Griffin. 
Mrs. Aspacio Stripp. 
Mrs. Sarah A. Sherburne. 
Mrs. George H. Rogers. 
Mrs. Jeremiah Foster. 
Mrs. Francis W. Homans. 
Mrs. Leonard J. Presson. 

Addison 



John J. Stanwood. 
John S. Webber. 
John Anderson. 
Edwin H. Lane. 
Seymour S. Hartwell. 
George W. Harvey. 
George O. Stacy. 
Andrew W. Dodd. 
Elliott Adams. 
John B. Foster. 
Thomas Conant. 
Charles D. Brown. 
J. Howard Procter. 
George M. Wonson. 
Addison Center, 
Alfred Brooks. 
Fred. G. Wonson. 
John B. Thurston. 
George B. Stevens. 
Herbert Presson. 
Charles Sayward. 
George H. Morse. 
Wonson. 



g^coratiotiB. 



DECORATIONS. 



T T would be impossible to describe in detail the decorations which 
^ were displayed on this occasion. To do justice to the various public 
and private displays would require far more space than we feel can be 
given. The committee to whom had been intrusted this work, as far 
as the public exhibition was concerned, were among the first to 
organize and to get to work. To add to the money required, which 
was a large sum, to adequately decorate the many public buildings, a 
series of entertainments was planned, and the first was given at City 
Hall, Thursday evening, August 20, 1891. 

The following talent kindly volunteered their services : Hatchings' 
Orchestra of this city, Newtowne Quartette, Mrs. Charles S. Miller, 
Miss Emma Italia Dorritt, Mr. Fred W. Tibbets, Mr. William S. 
Gill, Miss Emma L. Pearson, Mrs. Arthur P. Friend. 

The following is the programme : — 

Overture. (" From Dawn to Twilight.") Hutchings' Orchestra. 

More-More. (Lizette.) Newtowne Quartette. 

The Waiting Heart. Mrs. Charles S. Miller. 

My Little Red Umbrella. Miss Emma Italia Dorritt, 

Soubrette from Howorth Comedy Co. 
BouM-BoUM. (From the French of Jules Claretie.) 

Mr. Tibbets, from the Lyceum Theater Co., 
The Quaint Vermont Yankee. William S. Gill, Character Actor. 

Grasshopper Cantata. Newtowne Quartette. 

The First Heart Throb. (Gavottee.) Orchestra. 

The Pilgrim Fathers. Mrs. Charles S. Miller. 

Meet a Coon To-night. Miss Emma Italia Dorritt. 

St. Medard AND the Devil. (Ingoldsby.) Mr. Tibbets. 

Magnolia Serenade. (Catlin.) Orchestra. 

Corn Bread. Newtowne Quartette. 

Miss Emma L. Pearson, Mrs. Arthur P. Friend, Accompanists. 

The whole entertainment was first class in every respect. The 
orchestra called forth much favorable comment by their fine playing. 
The quartet gave excellent satisfaction. Mrs. Charles S. Miller sang 
two solos very acceptably, and Miss Dorritt, the charming soubrette, 
caught the audience with her catchy songs and dainty steps. Mr. 
Tibbets was given an enthusiastic reception as he came forward to 

267 



268 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

read. His selections were fine, and delivered in a manner which called 
forth great applause of all present. Mr. Gill's impersonations were 
true to life and greatly appreciated. 

A large audience was present and a considerable amount realized. 

THE MEMORIAL ARCHES, 

FOR THE TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY, AS 

DESIGNED BY MR. REUBEN BROOKS AND ACCEPTED 

BY THE COMMITTEE ON DECORATIONS. 

In addition to the decorations for the public buildings the Com- 
mittee decided that two memorial arches ought to be erected, of which 
the following description will convey some idea of their plan : — 

These arches were to be two in number, conspicuously located, one on 
Western Avenue, just beyond the bridge, at the entrance to the city proper, 
and one near the City Hall on Dale Avenue. 

The arch which is to span Dale Avenue, nearly opposite the Soldiers' 
Monument, is, in its general form, somewhat like the famous Arc de Triomphe 
in Paris, except that it has on its top the representation of a seine boat float- 
ing on the water, instead of a group of war horses ready for battle, and at its 
base, in place of emblems of military glory, are emblems of peace and safety 
in the form of four immense anchors resting on buttresses of masonry project- 
ing from opposite sides of each pier, panelled with the street. 

The whole structure will be strongly built of wood covered with cloth and 
painted to represent solid masonry. 

The boat on the top of the arch will be a full-sized seine boat, thirty-six 
feet long, securely supported on a strong frame work of timber, well braced 
inside the buttresses so as to be safe against all probable wind pressure. 

The arch itself is in the form of a semi-circle, sixteen feet in diameter^ 
raised so that the under side of its keystone is twenty-one feet above the street. 

The entablature above the arch consists of a square-edged coping, 
twenty-two inches thick, projecting twenty inches over the masonry courses 
all around upon which rests a frieze in the form of a single block of granite, 
thirty-six feet long, nine feet wide, and four and a half feet thick. On the 
ends of the frieze are the dates 1 642-1 892, while on the front and rear faces 
the word "Gloucester" will appear in large block letters formed by over 
two hundred incandescent electric lights. The cornice surmounting the 
frieze is similar in form to the coping, only slightly smaller, being eighteen 
inches thick and projecting out twelve inches all around. 

The frame work which supports the boat rises three feet above this cornice 
and is festooned with blue and white cloth to suggest the idea of waves on 
which the boat seems to be floating. 

On the sides and ends of the masonry below the coping will be sunken 
panels of suitable form containing appropriate inscriptions in raised block 
letters. 




Mt'iiioii;il Avcli. 



Forbes School, 

erected 1K44. 



Town IhiU Square. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 269 

The entire height of the whole structure from the ground to the gun- 
wale of the boat will be about forty feet. 

The anchors on the buttresses will measure about nine feet on the shank 
and seven feet from fluke to fluke. 

They will be painted to appear as if carved out of solid granite. 

These, together with the boat above, may be regarded as emblems of the 
faith and courage which have for two hundred and fifty years battled with the 
elements and made the city of Gloucester one of the foremost fishing ports 
of the world. 

The leading thought expressed by the arch to span Western Avenue, 
just beyond the Cut, is set forth in the words of its principal motto : — 

"OLD CAPE ANN WELCOMES YOU." 

This arch is in the form of a massive stone bridge, forty-eight feet long, 
resting on piers of solid masonry. 

The base of each pier is in the form of a rectangular block of stone 
work, twelve feet square by eight feet high, from which rises a pillar of ma- 
sonry, sixteen feet in height, ten feet square at the bottom, and eight feet at the 
top, its sides sloping in Egyptian style, surmounted by a capstone of granite, 
ten feet square and two and one half feet thick. 

On the face of each capital are the figures 1642- 1892. 

The driveway between the piers will be twenty-four feet in width and 
eighteen feet in height to the under side of the arch, which is in the form of an 
arc of a circle having a twenty-five-foot radius. 

Above this arch on the front side are the words before quoted, while on 
the opposite side the expression is varied to 

"WE WELCOME YOU TO OLD CAPE ANN." 

On the front side of the column, bearing the date 1642, will be the follow- 
ing inscription, signifying the condition of things " in a state of nature " at 
the time the country was just settled, — 

" HER ROCKY SHORES REVEAL THE WORLD'S DEEP LAID 
FOUNDATIONS," 

while on the 1892 column, 

"THE ROAD TO FORTUNE IS PAVED WITH HER GRANITE," 

suggests one of the practical nineteenth century uses to which Nature's lavish 
gifts are being devoted. 

Other appropriate inscriptions will be placed on the rear sides of these 
columns. 

All the lettering will appear to be in block relief on solid granite. 

Above all, and covering the entire top of the structure, is a represen- 



f,l 



270 rWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

tation of Thacher's Island, with its twin lights that stand as a perpetual 
welcome to every returning voyager. 

The lighthouses will each be illuminated with 120 candle power incandes- 
cent electric lights, standing about forty feet above the street. 

We are not aware that the attempt was ever before made to suspend an 
island in the air, even figuratively, but it was thought by the committee that 
some originality of design was justifiable, especially as it embodied in a most 
concrete form the idea of the substantial reality of the welcome which old- 
Cape Ann extends to all her sons and daughters, who, if they chance to come 
to her from across the sea, will appreciate the beauty of Cowper's apostrophe 
to the stars : — 

" As one who long detained on foreign shores 
Pants to return, and when he sees afar jil 

His country's weather-bleached and battered rocks, "^ 

From the green wave emerging, darts an eye 

Radiant with joy towards the happy land, j<^ 

So I, with animated hopes, behold, jjjj 

And many an aching wish, your brawny fires." tf 

nti. 

After a careful consideration of the expense involved, it was 
deemed best to omit the arch planned for Dale Avenue, and to locate 
the arch bearing " Thacher Island Lights," near the old Town Hall on 
Middle Street. The arch built there certainly proved a unique and 
beautiful feature. It was the admiration of the citizens as well as the 
strangers, and general regret was felt when it became necessary to 
remove it at the close of the celebration. 

The decorations on the public buildings were certainly magnificent. 
The City Hall was completely covered with bunting and flags from its 
tower to basement ; the High School was beautifully decorated, and 
the same should be said of the other buildings. What was done for 
the public buildings, private enterprise repeated on business block and 
dwelling. For ten days before anniversary week, decorators had all 
they could attend to. Along the main streets the large business blocks 
stood resplendent in the red, white, and blue. At Custom House 
Square, the Federal building was magnificent. Wherever the line of 
march for the Great Civic and Trades Procession was laid, every house 
bore some tribute in decoration. Thousands of flags spanned the 
streets, and flowers, mottoes, and pictures added much to the effect. 
And even where the procession did not move, the hand of the decor- 
ator was seen. We venture the brief statement that Gloucester's dis- 
play of decoration has never been equalled at any other town or city 
in New England. Hundreds of flagstaffs, many of them erected for 
this event, bore the glorious stars and stripes, and from the war vessels 
and the shipping in the harbor lavish displays were made. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



271 



For this event the people of the city had been getting ready in other 
ways. Carpenters and painters had never been so busy, and houses 
and business blocks shone out resplendent in new coats of paint and 
many signs of improvement. The city officials too, did their share. 
Streets were put in the best condition, all rubbish of every description 
being carefully gotten out of the way. 

For a complete account of the decorations, reference must be made 
to the files of the local papers for August, 1892. 

The committee on decorations were : — 



William D. Lufkin. 
Fred E. Bradstreet. 
Charles A. Mason. 
Addison Center. 
Charles S. Lloyd. 
George E. Hall. 
Mrs. Lizzie W. Clark. 
Reuben Brooks. 
Daniel H. Wallace. 
William S. Burnham. 



Mrs. 



Alexander Pattillo. 
Charles L. Higgins. 
John W. Rowe. 
Mrs. William W. French. 
Mrs. Lucy E. Friend. 
Mrs. George H. Perkins. 
Mrs. Georgie A. Center. 
Miss Edith Grover. 
Miss May Pattillo. 
Frank R. Procter. 
Louise Low. 



tistoricaX places. 




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f-ir 


(M 




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Ol 






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CS 


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ca : 



m 



HISTORICAL PLACES MARKED BY TABLETS. 



THE committee having charge of marking places of historic interest 
with suitable tablets spent a great deal of time in looking up 
the ancient records, and after careful research decided upon the fol- 
lowing places as worthy of notice. A plain varnished sign with black 
letters was used, and it is hoped that at some time a more permanent 
form of memorial will be employed. 

Stage Fort, site of first house. Framed in England. Erected here in 
1623. Taken down and carried to Salem, 1628. 

Cut Bridge, Western Avenue. Canal cut through by Rev. Richard 
Blynman in 1643 Filled in and permanent road made in 1842. This bridge 
was built in 1868. 

Riverdale Mills. Site of Rev. John Emerson's grist mill, erected in 
1677. 

Site of first mill erected previous to 1650, off Poplar Street. 

Ellery House, Washington Street, built by Rev. John White, in 1710. 

Site of whippiftg post,Vi?,Q.d for the last time about 1780, near Dale House, 
Middle Street. 

Site of t aver 71 occupied by James Broom in 1763, Middle Street, opposite 
foot Dale Avenue 

Part of log hotise trtcitd by Thomas Riggs, the first schoolmaster, and 
considered the oldest house in Gloucester. Situated on a way leading from 
Washington Street, near Squam willows. 

Freeman House, West Gloucester, built by Jacob Davis, in 1709. 

Rev. Samuel Chandler house, \)\y\\. in 1752. Situated on Middle Street 
near Center Street. 

Sawyer Library, Middle Street, built by Thomas Saunders, in 1764. 

Meeting House Green. On this lot was erected the first meeting house 
in 1633, the first school-house in 1708, and here was the training field for the 
local militia companies in the early times. 

Ye ancient burying ground. Bridge Street, first used 1642. 

Site of the first post office, 100 Main Street, Tibbets Block. 

The committee were : 

David S. Presson, chairman. David W. Low. 

George E. Merchant. George J. Marsh. 

Joseph L. Stevens. Mrs. Maria H. Bray. 

275 



%Mzv3 tvom gistiUQitislxexX (gxxests. 



LETTERS FROM DISTINGUISHED GUESTS. 



AMONG the many letters received in response to the invitations 
sent to prominent men that they should be present on this occa- 
sion, we have selected the following as worthy to become a part of this 
memorial volume. Only a few of these could be read at the banquet 
at City Hall : — 

President Benjamin Harrison : — 

Executive Mansion, 

Washington, Aug. 3, 1892. 
F. W. TiBBETTS, Esq., Gloucester^ Mass. : — 

3fy dear Sir, — The President directs me to acknowledge the receipt of 
your letter of the ist instant, and to express to you his regret that he will not 
be able to be with you at the date of the celebration of the incorporation of 
Gloucester ; but he must join Mrs, Harrison in the Adirondacks as soon as 
Congress adjourns, and it is also essential that he should have some rest. 
When he made the request for you to bring the matter again to his attention 
he was in hopes that he might be able to give you a favorabte answer, but he 
is now certain that he must decline your courteous invitation. 

Very truly yours, 

(Signed) E. W. Halford, 

Private Secretary. 



Hon. James G. Blaine, Secretary of State : — 

Stanwood, Bar Harbor, 

Maine, July 30, 1892. 
F. W. TiBBETTS, Esq., AssH Secretary., &c., &c., &c. 

Dear Sir, — I acknowledge the receipt of your polite invitation to be 
present at the 250th aniversary of the town of Gloucester, Massachusetts. 

I have no doubt that the occasion will be one full of historical and per- 
sonal interest, and I could wish that it were in my power to attend. Engage- 
ments, however, conflict. 

Very respectfully yours, 

(Signed) James G. Blaine. 
279 



280 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Hon. Charles F. Manderson, Presiding Officer, United States Senate : 

United States Senate, 

Washington, D. C, July 2, 1892. 

Messrs. Asa G. Andrews, John J. Somes, Charles P. Thompson and 
others, Committee, Gloucester Mass. : 
Dear Sirs, — I acknowledge with pleasure the receipt of your invitation 
inviting my presence on the 24th, 2Sth and 26th of August, 1892, at the celebra- 
tion of the 250th anniversary of the incorporation of the town of Gloucester. 
I regret exceedingly that my official duties will prevent my acceptance of your 
invitation for which I am greatly obliged. In this, the country of the new, 
the celebration of that which dates back for two centuries and a half, is 
indeed an interesting occasion. 

Truly yours, 

(Signed) Chas. F. Manderson. 



Hon. Henry L. Dawes, Senator from Massachusetts : — 

Pittsfield, Mass., Aug. 15, 1892. 

Gentlemen : I have delayed till now a reply to your kind invitation to 
attend as the guest of your city the celebration of the 250th anniversary of its 
incorporation as a town, in the hope that previous engagements might be so 
arranged that I could share in your festivities. I regret to say that I am 
disappointed and that I shall be deprived of that pleasure. I am the more 
disappointed because the occasion is so sure to be one of rare interest and 
full of inspiration to all the citizens of our Commonwealth. 

It cannot fail to be a source of just pride to your people that from so 
small and unpropitious a beginning, your town has risen to a city so conspic- 
uous and influential among the municipalities of the State. 

They have, however, most reason to be proud of the men she has reared 
to face the storms of the sea and to build in the midst of its perils that firm 
and unflinching manhood which is the distinguishing characteristic of her 
sons. 

Regretting that I shall lose this rare opportunity to extend to you in 
person my congratulations upon the most auspicious conditions under which 
you celebrate this anniversary, 

I am truly yours, 

(Signed) H. L. Dawes. 

John J. Somes, Esq., Chairman, 
Edward Dolliver, Esq., Secretary, 

Committee on Invitations^ etc., Gloucester, Mass. 



I 



J 




PUBLICATION COMMITTEE. 

Fred. W. Tibbets. 

Archie J. Moore. Daniel O. Marshall. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 201 

Hon. Horace Gray, United States Supreme Court : — 

Nahant, Sept. lo, 1892. 
Dear Sir, —Your kind note of September 4th has just come back to me 
from Washington. Its predecessor was, I fear, lost on the way. Pardon 
me, therefore, for seeming unmindful of your courtesy, and permit me to 
congratulate you upon the marked success of your celebration, which other 
engagements made it impossible for me to attend. 

Very truly'yours, 

(Signed) Horace Gray. 
F. W. TiBBETTS, Secretary, etc., etc. 



Hon. Nathaniel P. Banks, Ex-Governor : — 

Waltham, Mass., Sept. i8th, 1892. 

Frederick W. Tibbetts, Esq., Assistant Secretary, &c., &c., 
Headquarters Two Hundred fiftieth Anniversary 
of settlement of Gloucester, Mass. : 
My Dear Sir, — I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your invi- 
tation to attend the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth settle- 
ment of Gloucester, Mass. 

I beg you to accept my thanks for your consideration and courtesy. 
Gloucester has many varied and eminent claims to the friendly consideration 
of the people of the United States as well as of Massachusetts from its earliest 
settlement to the present day. 

Respectfully yours, &c., &c., 

(Signed) Nathaniel P. Banks. 



Hon. John D. Long, Ex-Governor : — 

Boston, June 28, 1892. 

My Dear Sir, — I regret that, intending to be away on the 25th and 

26th of August next, upon my vacation, I am unable to accept your courteous 

invitation to the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the 

incorporation of the town of Gloucester. I beg to express my thanks for the 

kindness of your committee, and my cordial good wishes for the occasion. 

The citizens of Gloucester are justly proud of her most interesting and 

patriotic history. 

Very truly yours, 

(Signed) John D. Long. 

Messrs. Asa G. Andrews and others, 

Coiimittee on Invitations. 



1 



282 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Hon. Benjamin F. Butler, ex-Governor : — 

Boston, August 12, 1892. 
My Dear Sir, — I gratefully accept your kind invitation to be present at 
the celebration of the 250th Anniversary of the Incorporation of the Town 
of Gloucester, and shall consider myself a guest on that occasion, although to 
do it honor I will be present in the Yacht America. 

With thanks to your committee and best wishes for the success of the 
celebration, I am 

Very truly yours, 

(Signed) Benj. F. Butler. 
F. W. TiBBETS, Esq., 

104 Main Street, Gloucester, Mass. 



Hon. George D. Robinson, ex-Governor : — 

Chicopee, Mass., Aug. 8, 1892. 
Mr. John J. Somes, 

Chairman of Committee, Gloucester, Mass, : 
Dear Sir, — I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your favor expressing the 
cordial invitation of yourself and your associates to become the guest of the 
City of Gloucester on the occasion of the celebration of the 250th Anniversary 
of the Incorporation of the Town, on the 24th, 25th, and 26th inst. 

My relations and acquaintance with your people have been exceedingly 
pleasant, and I regret that I cannot join them on the occasion, feeling that 
I shall thereby lose much enjoyment and satisfaction. By reason of my 
engagements, however, I feel constrained to decline the invitation, and must, 
therefore, ask you to accept my regrets, and my best wishes that the coming 
celebration shall be a glad jDrophecy of greater prosperity and a widely 
extended influence for your growing City. 

Yours truly, 

(Signed) Geo. D. Robinson. 



Hon. William E. Russell, Governor : — 

Executive Chamber, State House. Boston. 
To Chairman Committee on Invitations : 

My Dear Sir, — With much pleasure I accept the kind invitation to attend 
the 250th Anniversary of Gloucester. From long residence in Gloucester 
for a part of each year, I have become much interested in her long and hon- 
orable history, and in her sturdy, patriotic citizenship. Almost as one of the 
family I shall join in your celebration. 

Wishing every success to the celebration, and trust prosperity and hap- 
piness may always be with Gloucester in the future, 
I am, very truly yours, 

(Signed) Wm. E. Russell. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 285 

Hon. Grover Cleveland, ex-President : — 

Gray Gables, Buzzards Bay, Mass., 

September 6, 1892. 
F. VV. TiBBETTS, Esq., 

Assistant Secretary, Gloucester., Mass. 
My Dear Sir^ — I am surprised to receive your letter of September 4, 
indicating that you have received no response to your exceedingly cordial invi- 
tation to join you in celebrating the Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of 
the founding of your city. 

I am quite certain that I responded very soon after the receipt of the 
invitation, saying that the exigencies of the campaign did not justify me in 
making an engagement in advance. 

I regret exceedingly that I was not able to be with you on this most 
interesting occasion and was glad to learn from the published reports that it 
was a most enthusiastic and enjoyable commemoration. 

Very truly yours, 

(Signed) Grover Cleveland. 



Hon. Rutherford B. Hayes, Ex-President : — 

Spiegel Grove, 

Fremont, O., 19 Aug., 1892. 
My Dear Sir, — I regret extremely that my engagements do not permit 
me to accept the invitation with which you have honored me to attend the 
celebrating of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of Gloucester. 
With all good wishes, 

Sincerely, 

(Signed) Rutherford B. Hayes. 
7b F. W. TiBBETTS, Asst. Secy. 



George Sheffield Blakeway, Esq., Town Clerk, Gloucester, England : 

Town Clerk's Office, 

Gloucester, loth August, 1892. 

Gentlemen : Referring to the letter of your Assistant Secretary, dated 
25th June last, I beg to inform you that I, in due course, mentioned the 
receipt of such letter and distributed the Invitation Cards to the various 
Members of the Council of this City. 

When the informal invitation was received, some months ago, several 
members of the Council intimated that they should like to accept it, and there- 
fore it was hoped that some of the leading representatives of this City might 
be able to attend the celebrations of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary 
of the Incorporation of the town of Gloucester, Mass. 



284 TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

It is, therefore, with very great regret that I now write to inform you that 
no representative from this City will be able to attend, as the Triennial 
Musical Festival to be held in this City in the first week of September and 
other important engagements render it impossible for the Mayor, Sheriff, and 
the principal members of the Corporation to get away. 

The Mayor is himself writing and a formal acknowledgment from the 
various Members of the Council will follow shortly; but on behalf of the prin- 
cipal officials of the Corporation, I beg to acknowledge the courteous invitation 
offered to them and to express their sincere regret that none of them are able 
to accept same. 

I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, 

Your obedient Servant, 

(Signed) Geo. Sheffield Blakeway, 

Town Clerk. 

To THE Committee on Invitations, 

Headquarters Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary, 

104 Main Street, Gloucester, Mass. 



Hon. James Platt, Mayor, Gloucester, England : — 

Gloucester, Aug. 10, 1892. 

Dear Mr. Mayor, — In common with all the members of our City 
Council, I appreciate very much the kind invitation of your citizens to be 
present at the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the 
incorporation of your town of Gloucester, Mass. 

It would have given me great pleasure to have been able to accept the 
honor and to participate in the celebration, but the time is not convenient for 
me as our Musical Festival commences on Sep. 6th and I must be present on 
tbe occasion. 

We have also just entered into the occupation of our new Guild hall 
which takes up a good deal of my time for the present. 

It would have been all the more pleasant to me as I have some little 
knowledge of your City, and have experienced the hospitality of one of your 
predecessors. 

In the summer of 1882, I had business in Boston and took the oppor- 
tunity of visiting Gloucester, I made myself known to your excellent city clerk 
Mr. John J. Somes, as a Councillor of the old Gloucester, he introduced me 
to your Mayor Mr. Wm. Williams who was exceedingly kind and in the after- 
noon accompanied by Messrs. Fears and Gaffney, past and present presidents 
of aldermen, took me a delightful drive to Rockport and St. Anns head, and 
afterwards entertained me at his house. 

Our City Council have resolved to send you an address of congratulations, 
which they will sign, and also an album illustrating various objects of interest 
in our city present and past. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 285 

I have asked my son John Piatt who is at present resident at Riverton^ 
New Jersey, to convey the album to you, which I hope he will be able to do 
at the time of your festivities. 

Wishing you a very successful celebration and continued prosperity, 

I remain dear Mr. Mayor, Yours faithfully, 

(Signed) James Platt, Mayor. 



Hon. Robert C. Winthrop : — 

Brookline, Mass., 13 July , 1892. 
Mr. Winthrop presents his grateful acknowledgments to the citizens of 
Gloucester and their Committee, and regrets that he is compelled to decline 
their kind invitation for the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the 
incorporation of the Town. 
Asa G. Andrews, 
John J. Somes, 
Chas. p. Thompson, 
Jonas H. French, Esquires, 
And Others. 

Committee of Invitations. 



Hon. William C. Endicott : — 

Danvers Centre, Aug. 8, 1892. 
John J. Somes, Esq. : 

My dear Sir, — An otificial invitation addressed to the Hon. W. C. 
Endicott was received, asking him to be present at the celebration of the two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of the town of Gloucester. 
Mr. Endicott is in Europe and will not return until the late autumn. 

In his name I desire to thank the committee for their kind and cordial 
invitation and to express regrets that absence will prevent him from accepting. 

Yours respectfully, 

(Signed) William C. Endicott, Jr. 



Cornelius Vanderbilt, Esq. : — 

Magnolia, Mass., Aug. 3, 1892. 

John J. Somes, Esq., Chairman, Gloucester, Afass. : 

Dear Sir, — Mr. Cornelius Vanderbilt has received your polite invitation 
to become the guest of the citizens of Gloucester on the occasion of the two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of the town, and has- 
requested me to acknowledge the same for him and to thank you for the 
courtesy tendered him. 

I am sorry to say, however, that it will be impossible for him to take 
part in the interesting ceremonies proposed, because of a recent very sad 
bereavement which he and his family have suffered. 

Yours very truly, (Signed) C. F. Cox. 



286 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Hon. Walbridge A. Field, Chief Justice Massachusetts Supreme 

Court : — 

Boston, June 30, 1892. 

My dear Sirs, — I thank you for the invitation to attend the celebration 
of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the town of Gloucester, of its 
incorporation I mean, for its settlement is older. 

I expect now to be absent from the Commonwealth in the latter part of 
August and I probably shall find myself unable to be present. I hope that 
as a city God may be to you as he has been to the town. 

Yours sincerely, 

(Signed) Walbridge A. Field. 

To Asa G. Andrews, Esq., attd Others, 

Committee on Imntations. 



Hon. Eben F. Stone, Ex-Congressman : — 

Newburyport, 2d August, 1892. 
Mr. DoLLiVER, Secy : 

Dear Sir, — I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your invita- 
tion to attend the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of 
the settlement of your town. 

Circumstances beyond my control compel me to deny myself the pleasure 
of being present upon the occasion, which will, I doubt not, be one of unusual 
interest. 

Regretting my inability to be present, I am. 

Yours truly, 

(Signed) E. F. Stone. 



Dr. William F. Dale : — 

" Homestead." 
North Andover, Mass., Aug. 19, 1892. 

To His Honor Asa G, Andrews, 

Mayor of Gloucester, and Associates of tlie Committee of Invitations : 

I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of the invitation to attend 
the Celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the incorpora- 
tion of the Town of Gloucester, 

" As one of Gloucester's absent children " I thank you, sir, and your 
associates on the Committee of Invitations for this pleasant courtesy. 

I regret to say, that circumstances beyond my control, will prevent my 
attending so interesting and pleasant an occasion. 

I trust that the ceremonies so auspiciously inaugurated will have an 
agreeable and satisfactory ending and the retrospect delightful to all the 
children of your honored city. 

I recognize among your associates the names of honored and revered 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 287 

fathers whom it was my privilege to look w^ to and revere in childhood and 

am happy to add, the record of their honorable lives, their honesty and manly 

courage with good citizenship is most honorably maintained by their sons. 

With high respect and esteem for yourself and associates, I remain, 

Very respectfully. 

Your obedient servant, 

(Signed) Wm. F. Dale, M. A. 



John G. Whittier, Poet : — 

Hampton Falls, N. H., August 14, 1892. 
To J. J. Somes and Edw. Dolliver, Committee : 

I acknowledge with thanks your letter of invitation. No son of New 
England, certainly no son of Massachusetts, whose State House holds over 
the heads of her legislators the emblem of one of her great industries ; no 
antiquarian, who recalls the romantic story of the Cape's discovery and settle- 
ment, can be indifferent to the proposed celebration of the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of Gloucester. 

Your city has long been the nursery of brave, hardy and patriotic men, 
whose skill and daring have made the ocean their tributary and field of 
harvest. You are to Massachusetts what Bergen is to Norway. Your situa- 
tion and surroundings on one of the most picturesque capes of our Atlantic 
coastline, suggest beauty as well as utility ; and pleasure as well as profit. 
The salt sea odors of flake and store house, are overblown by inland breezes, 
laden with the fragrance of wild roses and magnolias ; and Gloucester has 
attractions for the summer tourist, and pleasure seeker, as well as for the man 
of business. 

I regret that I am unable to testify by my presence my interest in the 
coming celebration. With all good wishes for the continued prosjoerity of 
your city, I am, Very sincerely your friend, 

John G. Whittier. 



Sally Stevens, New Gloucester, Maine : — 

New Gloucester, Me., Aug. 23, 1892. 
To the Citizens of Gloucester, Cape Atm, Greeting : 

I regret very much my inability to be present at the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of our parent town. Being in my eighty-fifth year and 
not sufificiently strong to undertake the journey, I must deny myself the 
pleasure. 

I am a daughter of Paul Stevens, whose father, William Stevens, was one 
of the first settlers of this town. In the first division of lots the lot of William 
Stevens was No. i, where I now live. 

My mother's name was Collins. She was a native of Cape Ann and the 
family originally resided in Gloucester. 



288 TPFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Thus as one of the direct descendants of two of the oldest families in 
your honored and most honorable town, I hereby extend my heartiest con- 
gratulations, and I hope that the future may hold even greater success and 
higher attainments for you than the past. 

(Signed) Sally Stevens. 



Benjamin H. Corliss, Esq. : — 

Gloucester, Aug. 15, 1892. 
Hon. Asa G. Andrews and others, 

Committee on Invitations : 

Gentlemen : I am in receipt of your kind invitation to be present as a 
guest of the city on the occasion of the celebration of the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of its incorporation as a town and to unite in the cere- 
monies incident thereto, and I desire to acknowledge the same and to express 
to the committee my thanks for their courtesy. 

A life-long resident of Gloucester, I have been a witness of all that per- 
tains to more than a quarter of its municipal history, in part of which at least 
I have been personally identified and an active participant. 

While I may not contribute by my presence so fully as I might wish, to 
all the ceremonies of the celebration, I may be permitted to rejoice in the 
event, remembering that its history has always been an honorable one, a 
record of industry, of patience and of most unexampled heroism, and that its 
prosperity and present vantage ground have been won from hard conditions 
by the high character and dauntless energy of its citizens. 

I shall be pleased therefore to accept your invitation and will unite with 
my fellow citizens to the extent of my ability in celebrating this important 
and eventful occasion. 

With my best wishes for that success, to which your efforts do justly entitle 
you, and my personal regards to the members of the committee, I remain, 
Very respectfully yours, 

(Signed) Benj. H. Corliss. 



Hon. Charles P. Thompson, Judge Massachusetts Superior Court : — 

Gloucester, Aug. 3, 1892. 
Hon. Asa G. Andrew^s, Chairman, 

Edward Dolliver, Esq., 

Secretary of Committee on Invitations: — 
Dear Sir: I have received your favor inviting to be a guest of the citizens 
of Gloucester on the 24th, 25th, and 26th of August, A. D. 1892, to partici- 
pate in the ceremonies of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the 
Incorporation of the Town of Gloucester, and highly appreciate the com- 
mittee's consideration, and accept the invitation with much satisfaction. 
Although not a native of Gloucester I have resided in Gloucester for the 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 289 

past thirty-five years and most cheerfully bear testimony to the high character, 
intelligence, patriotism and energy of her people. She has just cause to be 
proud of her record, progress and future prosperity, and I am certain she will 
enter upon her second quarter-millennium with the kindest wishes of all foi 
her future prosperity. 

With the highest respect, I am very truly 
Your obedient servant, 

(Signed) Charles P. Thompson. 



Letters of regret were also received : — 

Hon. Levi P. Morton, Vice President; Hon. John VV. Foster, 
Secretary of State ; Hon. Stephen B. Elkins, Secretary of War ; Hon. 
Charles Foster, Secretary of the Treasury; Hon. Benjamin F. Tracy Sec- 
retary of the Navy ; Hon. John M. Rush, Secretary of Agriculture ; Hon. 
John W. Noble, Secretary of the Interior; Hon. William H. H. Miller, 
Attorney General; Major-Gen. John M. Schofield ; Rear Admiral, 
L. A. Kimberly; Chief Justice United States, Melville Fuller; Hon. 
Charles F. Crisp, Speaker United States House of Representatives ; 
Hon. George F. Hoar, United States Senator ; Judge Circuit Court 
United States, Hon. Thomas L. Nelson; Ex-Governor Hon. Alex. H. 
Rice ; Hon. William Claflin ; Hon. William Gaston ; Hon. John Q. A. 
Brackett ; Cornelius Van. Cort, Postmaster, New York City ; Hon. 
Alfred S. Pinkerton, President Massachusetts State Senate ; Comman- 
der Thomas O. Selfridge, Jr., Navy Yard, Boston ; Mayors N. Matthews^ 
Jr., Boston, Elihu B. Hayes, Lynn, Charles S. Ashley, New Bedford, 
John W. Coughlin, Fall River, William W. McClench, Chicopee, John 
B. O'Donnell, Northampton, John L. Peck, Pittsfield, Francis A. 
Harrington, Worcester ; and from many others. 



■SiJTxiPi ^\o\xczstcv oxtgixt to ©eletrate. 






4 



WHY GLOUCESTER OUGHT TO CELEBRATE. 



FROM the many strong articles and letters published previous to 
the celebration, urging upon our citizens the importance of suitably 
observing the event, we have deemed it best to publish only a brief 
number. The concurrence of opinion in favor was so strong, the drift 
of public sentiment so decided, that there was no reasonable excuse 
why the celebration should not take place. The result of the agitation, 
both through the columns of the press and in the many meeting places 
of our people, was manifested in a unity of action, a generous out- 
pouring of subscriptions, and an enthusiasm so remarkable as never to 
have been equalled in any similar event in Massachusetts. 

To make a proper representation of the honorable and venerable position 
which Gloucester holds among the municipalities of the nation, to honor the 
memory of the fathers and keep alive a sentiment of local pride and patriotism. 
1 FiTZ J. Babson. 



Such celebrations tend to greatly increase an intelligent interest and pride 
in our national and local history, by bringing the imperishable facts freshly 
before the mind. Such occasions also enable a city to develop wisely and 
harmoniously, by exhibiting anew the sources of its life, and the processes of its 
growth. And it is only by such celebrations that the youth of to-day can at 
all understand the tremendous cost at which our free institutions were bought 
and have been maintained. Rev. F. B. Makepeace. 



Leaving entirely out of consideration the question of ancestral pride and 
historic sympathy, feelings that have always been powerful factors in stimu- 
lating national activity, I can conceive of no opportunity that is likely to occur 
within the next hundred years that is likely to give such an impetus to the 
material prosperity and the political and historical reputation of this city, as 
would the proper, dignified, and honorable commemoration of this noteworthy 
historical event. Prof. R. F. Leighton. 



I assure you of my hearty sympathy and cordial co-operation in the move- 
ment for the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of our 
ancient city. Chas. A. Russell. 

293 



294 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



feel the honor done me by the recognition of my interest in old 
Gloucester, and I will co-operate in the matter as far as I am able. 

Prof, Louis C. Elson. 



I think it will be a grand thing for Gloucester as well as for the colonial 
history of New England for you to hold this celebration. If I may be par- 
doned, I should like to lay special stress upon the appropriateness of making 
Gloucester folk-lore an important feature of the occasion. There will be no 
lack of Gloucester records and history on such an important anniversary ; 
but there are hundreds of valuable stories illustrating the habits, the dangers, 
the joys, of the early settlers of Gloucester, and of their seafaring descend- 
ants. To collect such as are available and worth while into a volume would 
not only add value to the celebration, but widespread interest in this and 
other countries. Herbert D. Ward. 



Through a strong affection for Gloucester, I have felt a great interest 
in the discussion about the coming celebration, and shall be very glad to 
help, should any plans be fixed upon fitting to the dignity of the occasion. 

Marion Hovey. 



I am in full sympathy with the movement and shall be pleased to assist 
in any way. Mrs. John Lloyd. 



I hold myself in readiness to do all that I can to further the cause, 
believing that the occasion demands, and should command, the earnest 
support of every loyal citizen. Wm. H. Pomeroy. 



I assure you of my hearty co-operation in the celebration of the two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of old Gloucester, and 
hold myself in readiness to do anything and everything in my power to assist 
you. D. S. Presson. 



I fully believe in Gloucester coming to the front with other cities of our 
Commonwealth and nation, in the line of anniversary celebrations, and 
whatever lies within my power as a private citizen of Gloucester I cheerfully 
pledge myself to do. David L Robinson, 



I shall be glad to have my mite accompany my sympathy for the move- 
ment when the hat is passed. Freeman Putney. 



i 



i\ 



t 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 295 

I wish every possible success to tlie two hundred and fiftieth anniversary 
of this city's existence, ... I would suggest that the day be commemorated 
by some really valuable charity whose inauguration shall be associated with 
the anniversary. 

Gloucester bitterly needs a hospital. Other towns of our size have one ; 
why not we? Why not start one in honor of the day you celebrate? 
Gloucester needs always help for her families bereft by the sea. There is 
another end sure to interest the people. For my own part (since you ask 
me) I would earnestly recommend the spending of time, toil, and money, not 
upon useless noise and passing show, but upon some fine cause worthy of the 
best character and best hopes of our people. 

Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward. 



Believing that private subscription must be largely relied on for material 
aid, whatever I can give will be cheerfully given to celebrate an occasion 
which cannot come again, and which no true son or daughter of old Cape 
Ann would wish to see pass by unnoticed. Hiram Rich. 



I hasten to express to you my interest in your arrangements, and shall 
take pleasure in doing what I can to further your plans. 

Col. C. C. G. Thornton. 



Both Colonel French and myself are entirely in sympathy in regard to 
this matter, and we are ready and willing to do anything we can to make the 
celebration a perfect success. I shall be rather more interested, I presume 
than most ladies, as I have asked to be put upon the standing committee on 
fish and fisheries in connection with the World's Fair, because of my residence 
here in Gloucester. Therefore I shall be very earnest to do my part. 

Nella J. French. 



If the people of Gloucester desire a celebration they ought to have it, 
and I should be glad to aid it, in an humble way, both by word and deed. 
. . . Popular subscription seems to me a fit means of testing the views of 
the public in the matter. Each citizen could then have opportunity to answer 
two pertinent questions : Do I want a celebration ? If yes, how much do I 
wish it, expressed in dollars ? M.J. McNeirny. 



Therefore, I argue that attempt should be made to put the celebration 
upon such a footing as will abound in motives so high in character, and 
details so well and discreetly arranged, that little opportunity will be allowed 



296 TIFO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

for the indulgence of the lower passions. In the language of the Rev. J. J. 
Healy, on the evening of the "mass meeting," '' It should be something more 
than sky-rockets and fireworks." It should be something more than the 
hurrah of jubilation, or the feast of the passions and appetites. The honor 
and the reputation of the city should be the foremost idea in the program. 
And, in the language of Mr. A. W. Bacheler, principal of the High School, 
" The celebration should bring something to which we can look for many 
years," with pri^de, I would add. 

There was on the above occasion a deal of inspiration in the remarks of 
the Rev. Mr. Rider and Rev. Mr. Hibbard, as also in those of Mr. Bacheler. 
Although citizens by adoption they could see much in the progress as well as 
in the beginning of this city worthy the pen of the historian, not only, but 
deserving of a grand and appreciative demonstration by its citizens. 

The position, dignity, and honor of the city of Gloucester in the Common- 
wealth of Massachusetts demand a demonstrative appreciation of its existence 
and worth by its people at occasional epochs or periods. If it has been 
thought expedient that the patriotism of our nation should be kept alive by 
no less than a yearly demonstration, why should the love of one's birthplace 
be of so little account as not to be worth a rekindling once in half a century ? 
It is a duty we owe our children and our children's children, to inspire in 
them by a public demonstration a love of their native place, and' to surround 
it by a halo of attractions that shall make it a place desirable to live in as 
well as to be born in. 

Rarely does a small town let pass its five or ten decades of existence 
without a public demonstration. That a city of the magnitude of Gloucester 
should let go by its fifth semi-centennial without an elaborate and iriumphant 
commemoration would seem to deserve a place among the anomalies, perhaps 
the curiosities, of the latter part of the nineteenth century. 

I do not wish to anticipate the historian or the orator, but I am 
convinced, not only by history already written, but by much information 
gleaned from the older citizens of the place, both living and dead, whose 
recollections and family legends cover more than the period of the two wars 
with our mother country, that we have a city full of historic lore, much of it 
trivial, perhaps, and though intensely interesting, too traditional for the set 
historic page, but it attests patriotism of the highest order, most determined 
effort in the struggle for existence, incorruptible integrity, and inflexible 
persistence in the maintenance of honor and intelligence among its people. 

And now, as indicated by me on a former occasion, I believe that the 
heaviest claim to act in this matter falls upon the native born citizen. Pride 
of birth should count for much. There is abundant ability to get up a cele- 
bration that would vie with that of any other city. There is no need of 
going abroad for an historian, an orator, or a poet. Our city has already bred 
them, and we have reason to be proud of them. Let prejudice and self- 
interest be cast aside, and let true merit have its distinctive place. 

Joseph Garland. 




William A. Pew, Esq., Collector of Customs, 1892. 
James H. ManstieUl, Esq., Postmaster, 1802. 
Hon. John J. Babson, Historian, Educator. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 29/ 

I cannot but feel that it will be a great mistake if this occasion is allowed 
to pass unobserved. I do not feel that it is so much the manner of elabo- 
rateness with which it should be celebrated, as the one fact that so important 
an event should be properly recognized. Our honored city has borne a 
conspicuous part, during its eventful history, in contributing not a little 
toward the best developement of our country. It has a record which we are 
all proud of, and one we should be glad of the opportunity to emphasize. 

To me the chief event of such an occasion will be the grand home-coming 
of the hundreds of sons and daughters of Gloucester scattered throughout the 
country, and the many delightful reunions which would follow, and this feature 
of itself would be well worth any expense or effort to accomplish. 

Further than this, two suggestions occur to me at the present time which 
I wish to present, and should be pleased if they could be carried out. 

First, I should like very much to join in a movement which should be 
participated in by every son and daughter of our honored city, now non-resi- 
dents, to prepare and present some permanent testimonial of the regard and 
pride which we all feel for our former home, and the scenes of our earliest 
training and efforts. 

And second, assuming that the peculiar position which our honored city 
occupies as the chief fishing port of the country will be specially recognized, 
I hope that a sjDecial effort will be made to secure, for temporary exhibition, 
at a proper place, of the great exhibit now being prepared under the direc- 
tion of Captain Collins for the approaching World's Fair, of everything which 
pertains to the history, methods, and results of the prosecution of this great 
industry during our national existence. I feel sure that if properly presented, 
our general government would be disposed to meet our request, and I am sure 
we could depend on the hearty co-operation of Professor Goode, Captain 
Collins, and Prof. Howard Clark of the Smithsonian Institute to secure so 
desirable a feature for this great occasion. Edward H. Haskell. 



I cannot enter into details ; space will not permit it ; but I venture to 
express the hope that this occasion will not be allowed to pass without some 
effort being made to place on canvas, for ultimate installation in the City Hall, 
suitable illustrations of the fisheries of Gloucester, both past and present. 

In view of the excellence that has been attained in recent years in the con- 
struction and rig of fishing vessels, and considering the superior skill of our 
fishermen in managing them, it seems to me that it would be eminently fitting 
that one feature of the celebration should be a race between fishing craft of 
various types ; as well as rowing matches for dories,, seine-boats, etc 

It would add much to the interest and success of the event, if it is practi- 
cable, to secure the attendance of many gentlemen who formerly pulled net 
and line on Gloucester vessels, but who are now prominent in various parts of 
this country and elsewhere, having achieved success in different walks of life. 

Yours very respectfully, 

J. W. COLLLNS. 



298 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

It would be a time of rejoicing to every one who had ever rested within 
the environs of the city, and in considering the fleeting pleasure of such a 
celebration it seems but appropriate that some measure should be taken to 
perpetuate the event. What could more effectually do so than the dedication 
of a Public Park? It would be more enduring than a monument, in that if 
would never crumble away ; storms and tempests would beat in vain against 
it ; it would afford more pleasure than a public hall, in that rich and poor 
could here meet on a common level and enjoy one of God's greatest blessings, 
— pure, untainted air 

Here generation after generation would wend their footsteps, and finding 
rest and refreshment for both body and mind, renew their vigor and call down 
blessings on those philanthropic souls, who, appreciating what had been done 
for them in the past, realized their obligations toward the future and left this 
park as a beautiful heritage. 

The suggestions that have been made to select the old Stage Fort 
grounds seem to me to be the wisest that could be made. As I think of it, 
my mind goes back again to my boyhood's days when we used to stroll over 
the beaten path to the old fort itself, and sitting on the great boulders look off 
into the harbor, and spend many happy hours in this way. In all Gloucester 
there is no more fitting place than this old landmark for a public park. 

F. A. B. Lowe, Defiance, Ohio. 



Your courteous invitation to offer suggestions concerning the commemo- 
ration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Gloucester is acknowl- 
edged with thanks. So notable an occasion should^ I think, centre about 
some special feature of permanent value and importance to the city as such, 
which would stand perpetually as a witness of the loyal love of the people ; a 
mile-stone of progress made, yet full of future possibilities. Since I am given 
the pleasant privilege of suggestion then, let me indicate first of all what the 
city particularly needs for all its people, individually and collectively, immedi- 
ate and prospective, namely : a Public Park, and that one spot elected by 
several generations as most desirable. The feet of youths and maidens as 
naturally turn to Stage Fort as the " Lovers' Walk," as do those of " ancient 
mariners" for outlook and little children for frolic. It is the only circus 
ground, picnic resort, and campus for games in sight of the city, which, lifting 
its breezy bluffs and noble crags from the sea, seems ever looking back to 
dusty, busy streets to empty themselves for the refreshments it has in store. 

Ada C Bowles. 



But we should not spend all our strength or money merely for a passing 
show. Something should be done to provide a permanent memorial of the 
occasion, which shall witness, for a long time to come, to the liberality of our 
citizens, and our good will toward the class of men through whose labors and 
perils on the sea our wealth is derived. ,\Ty proposal is that we build a 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 299 

Fishermen's Exchange, to wit : a large and handsome building on Main Street, 
say on the corner of Main and Hancock streets, with a large room on the 
lower floor to be used as a resort for our fishermen when on shore, the details 
of the same to be arranged by a competent committee after careful study. 
The cost of erecting such a structure and for care and superintendence of 
such institution would be less than for the purchase, preparation, and care of 
the proposed public park. 

I suppose that many others beside myself have looked with regret upon 
the crowds of well dressed and well behaved young men gathered on the 
corners at the junction of Duncan, Main, and Pleasant streets, in all kinds of 
weather, during the past winter, with no room toy^^o to, to hold a social chat. 
This ought not so to be. Let us do something to make the lives of the fisher- 
men pleasanter, and their calling safer, in the ways spoken of in this 
communication. James Davis. 



FROM THE STANDPOINT OF A WANDERING CAPE ANN BOY. 

I pride myself upon being one of Gloucester's absent sons who have 
received my invitation to come home and participate in the festivities of the 
Anniversary Celebration. 

If I am alive you may depend upon my being there, and I propose to take 
it all in. To me it promises to be one of the greatest events in my life, and I 
am proud to think there is the pluck aud perseverance in the committee who 
have the affair in charge to carry it out to a successful issue, and I trust they 
are being well backed up. 

It is no small undertaking to have a three days' celebration, but the occa- 
sion which is to be celebrated richly deserves it. Just think of it, two hundred 
and fifty years old! What a throng of memories this awakens. What sacri- 
fice and what herculean labors did the fathers and mothers of the early days 
of old Gloucester take upon themselves, and with what energy and persever- 
ance did their sons and daughters, even down to the present generation, carry 
on the good work which was so well begun, until to-day there is a city by the 
sea in which everyone who has a drop of Gloucester blood in his veins is 
proud that he hails from this rock-bound, sea-girted spot ! 

We absent ones are coming home to look into the faces of those who have 
shown their love of the place of their birth, by formulating this anniversary 
jubilee. We are going to shake hands and tell you how much we thank you 
for the efforts you have made to make it a happy occasion. Let the cannon 
roar, the music sound, the bunting fly. We shall celebrate for the priceless 
blessings which our ancestors have bequeathed us. 

I long to inhale the salt sea breezes as they come wafted in from the bay, 
and I long for a plunge in the breakers, which was such a sport to me as, in 
boyhood's days I took a "header" on the Pavilion or Half Moon beaches, 
or over in the " warm pot," with my light-hearted companions, dove and swam 



300 TJ^VO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 

in the waters of that delectable spot, or of a Wednesday or Saturday afternoon 
strolled to " Good Harbor Beach " and enjoyed a long continued bath, and 
buried myself in the sands, after which with my fishing line caught a fine mess 
of cunners and carried them home to the fryhig pan of my good mother. Oh, 
I know all about Gloucester, and I liope when my earthly pilgrimage is over 
that they will lay me to rest in her bosom. Then indeed I shall be satisfied. 

Wanderer. 



Money is not the only thing to be desired. A patriotic love of one's 
native place, and an intelligent interest in all that has contributed to make 
up its history are valuable possessions. But taken on the plane of mere 
money-getting, every dollar expended for such a celebration would be 
returned many fold to the community, and ultimately to the municipal 
treasury. 

Not alone by the expenditures of the thousands who would flock to the 
celebration, but by the souvenirs of the occasion, the excursions and enter- 
tainments that would be arranged, and in various ways, money would flow 
into the pockets of our people. And aside from this, the exposition of our 
fishing industry, showing the successive steps of its progress, and its present 
methods and products, which ought certainly to be one of the features of the 
occasion, would do much to call the attention of the country to the advan- 
tages of Gloucester as a fish market and an increase of her trade. — Times, 
May 9, 1891. 



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WHAT THE NEWSPAPERS SAID. 



ONLY a brief reference can be made to what the newspapers said 
about the celebration. The Boston daily papers vied with each 
other in the space given to the event. They sent their special 
reporters and illustrators, and printed column after column, covering 
every detail. The Essex County dailies and weeklies did the same. 
The local press fairly outdid themselves. Editorial reference to the 
event was made by nearly every leading newspaper, not alone in New 
England but in New York. From the vast amount of material we can 
only reprint a very few. 

AFTERMATH OF THE CELEBRATION. 

The long-looked for festivities of the anniversary are now over, and 
crowned with a rare success. Old friends have met with many a tender 
hand grasp ; tearful eyes were seen ; former school-mates, whose home ties 
were beyond our dear shores, looked at us again, and carried our thoughts so 
far back in the past, it seemed we were children once more ; all were bright 
and happy, no remembrance of partings or the long, sad years between 
were visible ; only the gayeties of the day ; brothers and sisters were reunited. 
How pleasant to review, with old chums, the school hours, the probable 
would-be future we planned then, which has found so different a solution. 

The celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth year was a happy 
thought, bringing so many absent ones to their native Cape Ann. 

The orator of the day is still a son^ cheering us by his fine descriptions 
of the home beauties of the city, in a pleasing way. None will read the boy- 
hood reminiscences of another son, who finds his heart awake yet to the 
charms of our Cape, though casting his lines elsewhere, without tears, and a 
sweet recognition of deep thought and merit, due to early teaching. 
Gloucester may well be proud of her absent sons and daughters, as well as 
the "stay-at-homes," who, by perseverance, and all the virtues, have made 
her record what it is to-day. J. M. O. 

Aug. 20, 1802. 



1642. GLOUCESTER. 1892. 

In this year of anniversary our dear city is the theme of many a penny-a- 
liner summer visitor and strolling artist, but we natives are proud that our 
little fishing hamlet of 1642 has grown to a prosperous and healthy city, and 

303 



304 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

one interesting to strangers. We appreciate the encomiums relative to 
'Squam, Mother Ann, and surrounding beauties ; the scenery is picturesque, 
the skies are blue, shading off to a pink in a gorgeous sunset ; its harbor, 
likened to Naples Bay, is of itself a pleasing feature ; the salty air is so invig- 
orating to most of us, we do not need a trip to mountains or sea voyages. 

We often pause in the hurry and bustle of to-day, enjoying as we do 
electricity made useful, steamboating, and the innumerable improvements 
otherwise, and imagine what the feelings of those gray-headed men of olden 
time would be like were they transported here again ; their search for the 
old "gim house," the "garrison" of Peg Wesson's time, the round powder 
house, Beacon Pole Hill, and other landmarks would be in vain. Among 
our modern ideas and haste to reach the brilliant end, their steps would 
falter, and eyes be blinded by so many wonders unused to them. Fishing 
was their occupation, their homes and dinner tables in accordance with their 
catch ; indian Johnny-cakes, apple-sauce, coffee, and the inevitable dried salt 
fish formed the repast, with a grog of New England rum ; the brick oven 
was heated Saturday and beans and brown loaf, with various rations baked. 
(The custom of a supper of pork and beans on Saturday is still retained by the 
moderns.) 

Some owned a patch of land, bought with hard earnings, often tilled and 
cared for by the women in "skirt and short gown"; indeed, we think most of 
the heavy work was accomplished by the strong arms of our foremothers ; 
tho' conscientiously rearing a group of twelve " bairnies," they yet found 
time for a neighborly gossip over their evening pipes. 

Their ideas were few ; no daily papers to solace them and unfold the 
doings of other people, as at the present; knitting nippers and mittens used 
up the hours of dusk and brought them a few coins. 

Many of these fishers lived on the old road to Dogtown Common. In 
our wanderings we find cellars and doorsteps, overgrown gardens, etc., recall- 
ing a once busy village ; the only authentic reason shown, for a home so far 
from their daily calling to the sea, was the fear of pirates, who roamed and 
sacked in a lawless manner. 

The " old yet ever new " story gave coloring to the lives of the lads and 
the lassies ; we presume courtship and marriage of those times were much 
the same minus the extravagance of our own day. Profanity stalked abroad ; 
gatherings of citizens met on Sundays, usually at Doghill, to listen to " Mose," 
the intelligencer. Pedlers made themselves at home in his house ; tripe 
selling, soap boiling, fish oil, and other commodities, were here ; the nicely 
sanded floors done in diamonds and squares were symbols of neatness ; 
dogs of high and low degree were also domiciled beneath this roof. 

Happily for us, times have changed ; education is uppermost, lifting from 
the dregs of ignorance to the higher pinnacles of civilization ; labor and rights 
are protected, and it is simply delightful to be a dweller in this quaint old 
town. Women are more respected and refined, with every comfort in the 
way of lighter household utensils for working, better dress ideas, with 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 305 

broader scope for literary culture, this present age ; but the " little girls " 
seem to have vanished ; their " pinafores and nankeen pantalettes " would 
bring a sneer to the modern child, with her furbelows ; and yet so 
much more are the children cared for now ! 

Being just as sweet and dear, but in accordaace with the times, the boys 
generally wore ill-titting, cast-off garments, belonging to some grandfather, 
with long hair sleeked down, and a shambling, diffident way, vastly opposite 
to the perfumed dudes of this cigarette period. 

Well, after all, praise or blame, Gloucester is dear to us ; with her many 
natural curiosities, hill and valleys ; her people, quick to respond in times of 
trouble; her absent children, who will soon come and congratulate, with 
tearful yet blissful memories, this two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of their 
birthplace. J. M. O. 



AN HEROIC CITY. 

This is to be a gala week in Gloucester ; indeed, all Cape Ann will join in 
celebrating the quarter millennial of its metropolis. This gray old city by 
the sea has an individuality as rugged and picturesque as the granite cliffs 
which hedge its outer harbor. Its existence has been a perpetual struggle 
in which the courage and the cunning of the man have been pitted against 
the mighty power of the elements. The town is strong and prosperous now. 
It is a seat of wealth and culture. But the stranger sailing in from the ocean 
and catching his first glimpse of the long line of wharves and warehouses, 
with the trees and roofs and steeples rising behind them, somehow cannot get 
it out of his fancy that Gloucester is clinging to its rocky hillsides as her 
sailors cling to their reeling decks. 

Gloucester, we have said, has a strong individuality. There are many 
small towns, but no other large city like it on our Atlantic coast. It lives by 
and from the sea. Its chief industries are such as to nurture manliness. For 
generations it has been drawing to it bold spirits from all over the world. It 
is by no chance of blind fortune that Gloucester has added to its fleets and 
wealth, while the fleets of its competitors have dwindled. Its safe and capa- 
cious harbor is one factor in its prosperity ; its nearness to great markets 
another. But something more than that was needed, and it was found in the 
skill and indomitable perseverance, pluck, and energy of its citizens. 

These are what have given Gloucester its supremacy in one of the most 
arduous and hazardous callings in which men are anywhere engaged. 

The old town does well to give up nearly the whole week to its commem- 
oration. Life in Gloucester always wears enough of its serious phases, and it 
needs the occasional relief of innocent gayety. In entering upon these days 
of rejoicing, which mark its anniversary, Gloucester has the hearty well wishes 
of its older and younger sister cities of the Commonwealth. — Press. 



306 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 

AS OTHERS SEE US. 

A gale from the northeast with accompanying rain was not propitious 
weather for anniversary performances on shore, but part of the Gloucester 
celebration of its two hundred and fiftieth janniversary was a fishing schooner 
race from " Eastern Point " via the inside of " Half way rock " to Davis Ledge 
off the " Minot " and return, forty-one miles in all, and the last half to wind- 
ward. To make of this race a " slugging " fight the weather was eminently 
well adapted, and so the fleet of ten schooners found it. Naturally, being 
" bankers," every man and boat, there was no " letting up " on anything, and 
the skippers, first-class men as they are for their own work, not being racing 
men, the craft was sent off overloaded with canvas, which if it did not haply 
blow away was "dragged " home on the hard-weather thrash. Naturally, the 
race was to the most powerful, which seemed to be the " Harry L. Belden," as 
she won very fairly and acquired the money prize and likewise Commodore 
Hovey's three-hundred-dollar cup. Considering the weather and the sails 
carried, there were wonderfully few accidents, fisliermen being heavily rigged ; 
but probably none of the captains cared to shorten sail so long as the others 
did not do it, and so the boats literally toiled up wind, with the water up to 
the skylights, and the seas going clean over them. A racing sailor would not 
have cared what his competitors were at, but would have shortened sail at the 
upwind turn and would have profited thereby, as boats do not go well to 
windward with tons of water on their lee decks. In fact the most important 
qualification of a racing man is to know just how much sail to carry and not 
to be affected by prospective jeers about being afraid. I have seen more 
hard races lost by this sort of false pride than by any other cause. Your 
real " sea jocky " is not that kind of a man. — The Referee in Tow^i Topics. 



GREETING TO GLOUCESTER. 

As we write, our neighboring city of Gloucester is in the height of her 
quarter-millennial celebration — the completion of two and one half centuries 
of corporate existence. The Gazette but voices the sentiment of Salem, old 
Essex in its entirety, and the whole country, when it sends warmest con- 
gratulations to the rock-bound city of the sea. 

Interesting, indeed fascinating, is the story of Gloucester's settlement and 
growth. Its history really antedates by more than a generation the official 
starting point now commemorated. From the first it has looked to the sea 
for support ; and from the very nature of their calling it has developed a hardy, 
brave, and persistent race of men. The courage and perseverance of that por- 
tion who manned the fishing fleet in the face of the most appalling losses of 
life have won the admiration of the country and the world, while their loyalty 
and value in the naval service could be counted upon in every national 
exigency. 

No less courageous, though in a different sense, have proved the mercan- 






OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 307 

tile element of the population. Risking their financial all upon the treacherous 
waters, they have continued in the business, and built it up, in the main to a 
grand success, despite drawbacks and losses which would have utterly 
disheartened almost any other class of men on earth. 

To-day, both of these classes of citizens, who, united, have made 
Gloucester what it is, are reaping the reward of brave and well-directed effort 
in the consciousness of success and the commendation of the entire country. 
— Salem Gazette. 



THE CAPE ANN CELEBRATION. 

The two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of 
Gloucester, on Cape Ann, evidently bids fair to be one of the most important 
events in Essex County during the present season. It is now nearly two 
hundred and seventy years since a little fishing station was established at 
Wingaershiek, as it was then called by the Indians. This was the first place 
settled by the English on the north side of Massachusetts Bay, but it was not 
until 1642 that the town was incorporated under its present name. There are 
not many towns of two hundred and fifty years' existence in the United States, 
and the people of Gloucester have evidently appreciated the fact. The cele- 
bration of the event, therefore, if present plans do not miscarry, bids fair to 
be a notable one. Perhaps the greatest obstacle to success lies in the danger 
that the weather may, as it sometimes does in late August along the North 
Shore, prove unpropitious ; but with clear skies, there is apparently little to 
be feared. 

There seems to be every reason to expect a large attendance at the dif- 
ferent ceremonies, which begin with the commemorative services at different 
churches on Sunday, the 21st of this month, and close with the fireworks and 
illuminations of the city and harbor on the following Friday night. Every 
possible effort has been made to secure the attendance of all the Cape Ann 
people who now reside in other States or countries. Many of these " absent 
sons and daughters of Cape Ann " have signified their intention of being 
present during the " quadro-millennial " week. The fact that a yacht race is 
to be held with the co-operation of the Gloucester Yacht Club has served to 
attract yachtsmen from all over the State. The several parades, sports, literary 
exercises, and concerts, as well as the banquet, reception, and ball, will also 
prove incentives to a large attendance of visitors. Altogether, then, there 
seems every reason to expect that a large crowd will visit Gloucester during 
the gala week. 

The Gloucester " quadro-millennial " week will undoubtedly be a pleasant 
one, under favorable weather conditions, for both the people of Cape Ann and 
those that go there as visitors. The grand and rugged scenery which presents 
to the many artists who flock thither an almost unattainable ideal, is well 
worth the seeing. The cool breezes that blow in from the restless ocean are 



308 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

healthful and invigorating, while to all who realize the unwritten tragedies of 
the fishing industry, there is a real romance, even in the prosaic wharves and 
in the weather-beaten schooners that lie at anchor in the harbor. Few spots 
could show such an ideal locality for a celebration of such a character. 



NAUTICAL SCHOOLSHIPS AT LAST. 

Assistant Secretary of the Navy, J. R. Soley, in his speech at the Glouces- 
ter banquet on Wednesday, conveyed welcome news in the announcement 
that a government vessel has at last been assigned to serve as a nautical train- 
ing school for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The vessel selected is 
the wooden sloop of war " Enterprise." 

New York has had such a vessel, the " St. Mary's," for some years past, 
and Pennsylvania was recently provided with the '' Saratoga " for the same 
purpose. Both these vessels are very old sailing ships, whereas the " Enter- 
prise " is a steamer, although provided with ample facilities for sail and spar 
drill. This is a distinct advantage, for the course of training pursued upon 
her may include the service of the engine and fire-room, in addition to pure 
seamanship, and the graduates of the Massachusetts nautical school may thus 
be enabled to qualify either as seamen or engineers. 

The arrival of the " Enterprise " is to be looked for with considerable 
interest, and will not, it is hoped, be long delayed. The sea-faring Common- 
wealth of Massachusetts, always pre-eminent both in the navy and the mer- 
chant marine of the country, may be depended upon to put the schoolship to 
the most profitable use. 

THE SPEECH THAT WASN'T SPOKEN. 

The New Gloucester correspondent of the Portland Globe writes : The 
New Gloucester delegation report a most enjoyable affair. The citizens of 
Gloucester did everything in a large and generous-minded manner. The 
delegation received a most cordial greeting, and were accorded honors of 
which our town may well be proud. The Boston and Gloucester papers gave 
accounts of all the meetings, banquets, and processions, and the half cannot 
be told. The resolutions passed at the meeting of the citizens of our town 
were duly forwarded and the same were published in the Cape Ann Breeze, 
the leading daily paper of the city. The good speech which Selectman True 
carried up with him in his pocket, an enterprising reporter got hold of. The 
same was given to the readers of the Globe last week. But the fact was that 
the banquet was such an immense affair, that in spite of the five hours spent 
in eating and speaking, there were governors, judges, and generals, etc., 
whom time did not permit to deliver their speeches. Our genial selectman 
was among the number. It was too bad. The speech reads well even if it 
was not delivered. Better luck next time, however. The celebration was a 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 309 

great thing, and it is wonderful there were not more miscalculations. The 
officials and citizens fully deserve all the good words which can be said of 
their welcome to and treatment of the thousands who accepted their invita- 
tion to celebrate with them the founding of their city. 



GLOUCESTER AND ITS CELEBRATION. 

Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, Aug. 24, 25, and 26, will be gala days 
for Gloucester, for on that week the good old codfish city, set on her granite 
throne, with the green Atlantic surges washing at her feet, will celebrate the 
two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of her incorporation as a town. Great 
preparations have been made to have this event benefit the importance of the 
anniversary and the proper dignity of Gloucester. A survey of the field 
would indicate that the preparations will be crowned with phenomenal success. 

Over a year ago the preliminary steps were taken and since then unre- 
mitting energy, hearty co-operation, liberality, public spirit, and a practically 
perfect organization have placed the people in a position to say positively that 
Gloucester's celebration will not be surpassed by anything in that line which 
her sister cities of the Commonwealth have hitherto shown. 

What is it that is celebrated ? What past does the city possess that such 
a great public enterprise should be set on foot to perpetuate its memory ? 
Gloucester has a past to be proud of. She has produced but two principal 
crops in her two centuries and a half of corporate existence, but they are 
crops of sterling worth and great renown. One of these crops was fish ; 
the other men. The one is harvested in the unquiet and treacherous ocean 
by the other. Sturdy, heroic, simple, pious men are the homesters who liter- 
ally builded their houses on the rocks and put forth in their little schooners, 
at the risk of their lives, in quest of the fish. 

Many a lonely cottage, many a desolate heart, many a stone in the strag- 
gling graveyard on the hill, inscribed " Lost at Sea," testifies to this risk and 
its often fatal outcome. 

Gloucester has two daily newspapers, the Cape Ann Breeze and the 
Gloucester Daily Times. Both these journals have been potential factors in 
making the celebration a success. 

The Times particularly has advocated it in season and out of season, in 
time of stress and in time of favor. Editor Procter keeps a noble scrapbook 
filled with clippings from all sources, and the writer acknowledges its kindly 
assistance in the preparation of this article. 

The fishermen's race is the greatest event of Friday, and every old salt 
in town and a good many who are not salts have their eyes on this, to the 
exclusion of everything else. — The Boston N'ews. 



3IO TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Every one had a smile on when he landed from the judges' tug at the 
Gloucester regatta, and well they might. The day was one to try men's 
stomachs. The popular song of the day was sung by a party of young men. 
It was sung to the tune of " Old Hundred," and ran as follows : — 
" Oh, how sick I am ! 
Ob, how sick I am ! 
Nobody knows how sick I am." 

It was true, too. — Boston Record. 



The Boston Traveler has the following : — 

Gloucester's celebration of her quarter millennium has proved itself as 
unique an affair as often occurs. In the naive words of its chief executive, a 
two hundred and fiftieth anniversary doesn't occur but once in a lifetime. 
This sentiment seems to have been the keynote of the whole affair. 

It was quite appropriate that a native musician (Professor Watson) should 
have a prominent place in the celebration, for she has been loved and fre- 
quented by musicians all through her history. Lillian Norton (Madame 
Nordica) is closely allied by ties of relationship with it. Emma Abbott 
called it her home, and here lie her ashes, in a funeral urn, under the most 
magnificent private monument in America. Then, again, the musical feeling 
abroad on the Cape at the present time is stronger than in almost any city of 
its size, as is shown by the enthusiastic admiration and support accorded that 
eminent musical critic and lecturer, Louis C. Elson, who, as a summer resident, 
contributed also to the entertainment. 

It was no wonder that there was a high literary tone to the proceedings. 
Cape Ann was the summer home of Richard Henry Dana, the birthplace of 
Edwin P. Whipple, Epes Sargent, John T. Sargent, and William Winter. 
It is the summer home of Elizabeth Stuart Phelps- Ward. 

About the biggest man in Gloucester kept very quiet, and merely went 
with his wife from his boarding place to the various occurrences of interest, 
but was upon no program, and was not even an invited guest. This man 
was Capt. J, W. Collins of the United States Fish Commission, a man who 
has risen from a fisherman and skipper to be one of the most successful 
specialists and authorities on the habits offish and the construction of fishing 
craft. The entire fisheries exhibit at Chicago will be in his hands One 
of the most becoming things about him is his modesty. 

After all, the thing wliich will linger longest in the memory of those who 
spent the week on the Cape will be the reunion of the so-called " absent " 
sons and daughters Tuesday night. It was informal, easy, memory-awaken- 
ing, and altogether refreshing. 

Everybody seemed to have a kodak. The snap of the camera was heard 
upon every side. For once the brush and palette were laid aside for this quicker 
method of obtaining views. Next week and for half a dozen weeks more the 
brush and pencil will reign again, for Cape Ann is as full of artists to-day as 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 3II 

if Hunt and Lane, Harvey and Elwell, Green, Chapman, Whittemore, and a 
hundred others had not already made its scenery immortal. 

Thursday morning, before the parade started, there were bits of startling 
realism to be seen. At one time, for instance, Capt. Myles Standish, with 
his bold company of Plymouth Puritans and with a couple of savages in con- 
voy, marched through Main Street. They were not spirits, but a part of one 
of the tableaux, prepared by James R. Pringle, Gloucester's latest historian. 



Gloucester, town of sea-bred heroes, who go fonh each spring to brave 
the storms and fogs of the ocean to catch fish and earn their own livelihood 
thereby, knowing that scores of them will surely find their graves on the 
Banks in the fogs, — old Gloucester has had a grand celebration of her two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary. A fine picturesque old town she is, six 
years younger than Springfield, her inland sister of the early days, but far 
more venerable in appearance, with her steep streets crowding around her 
beautiful harbor. The orator of the day made a link of union between 
Springfield and Gloucester, and in his address one could breathe the scent of 
the bayberry, the salt aroma of the surf, and feel that endless beating of the 
spray over the Point, or on the headland of Bass Rocks ; and see the lights 
that gleam nightly from " the twin towers of Thacher's melancholy isle " ; 
and visit the thunders of Rafe's Chasm and the cruel reef of Norman's Woe, 
compassing, indeed, the whole wild and attractive scenery of Cape Ann. 
The occasion was well sung also by several poets, and will be memorable in 
retrospect. — Springfield Republican. 



Heavy weather does not discourage the stanch fishing craft of Glouces- 
ter. They are accustomed to it, and they sailed their race with as much con- 
fidence as though a ten-knot breeze had been blowing. They crowded on sail, 
too, for the spirit of rivalry is strong among these hardy Gloucester fishermen, 
and the fact that not even the slightest disaster occurred speaks well for the 
seaworthiness of the boats and the nautical skill of the captains. — Boston 
Record. 



Gloucester is celebrating her two hundred and fiftieth anniversary and 
enjoying herself with her children and admiring friends. Our congratulations 
to the ancient settlement of Cape Ann, and may the city live a million years. 
— Lynft Item, Aug. 24. 



Gloucester can now settle down into its old life, with the' confidence of 
having covered itself with glory — Boston News. 



312 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

THE GLOUCESTER CELEBRATION. 

Happy is the city which has a history, and it is a proud distinction of a 
large number of the seaboard towns and cities of New England that they have 
a notable history. Gloucester was one of the earliest Massachusetts towns in 
its settlement and incorporation, and the celebration ordered for this week, 
and which began with appropriate religious services yesterday, is one that 
will give this somewhat isolated city a new lease of life, and help to reassure 
its citizens that they have a sure place in the history of their country. Any 
one who visits Gloucester will see that its chief industry was inevitable. A 
farmer who lived entirely upon the produce of his farm around that city would 
not be likely to grow rich, and, as a matter of fact, the people of Gloucester 
have been wise enough to avoid the impossible, and to find in the ocean 
the wealth which they could not secure on the land. Gloucester enjoys two 
distinctions. It contains the first Universalist parish ever organized in this 
country, and it has retained down to the present time its early prestige as one 
of the chief fishing towns in New England. The week of celebration pro- 
vides for nearly every interest, and during its exercises every historic point of 
note will receive its share of attention, and the part which the town has had 
in the development of the State will be duly presented to the world. 

Nothing better helps the people of a community than to cultivate in their 
minds the historic sense. What would Marblehead be, if it ever thought of 
itself apart from its history ? What would Newburyport or Salem be, if the 
citizens of these places ever for a moment forgot their memorable share in 
our colonial history ? Gloucester has retained, like Marblehead, a great many 
traces of its individual and colonial life, and visitors to the old town will note 
and enjoy this as one of the most impressive features of the exercises of the 
week. — Boston News. 



GLOUCESTER'S QUARTER-MILLENNIAL. 

Tt was twenty-two years ago that Plymouth celebrated her two hundred 
and fiftieth anniversary, and since then there has been a procession of these 
quarter-millennial anniversaries in the Old Colony and in the former Massa- 
chusetts Bay province, the observance at Gloucester the present week being 
the latest. Each of these early New England towns and cities has developed 
in its two hundred and fifty years of history an individuality of its own, — an 
individuality growing, to some extent, out of location, but also growing out of 
the peculiar character of the earliest settlers and the circumstances which led 
to settlement Two hundred and fifty years is a long time to Americans. It 
takes us back to the beginning of things, and opens to our view one of the 
most interesting periods in the history of the mother country. The genera- 
tion of men that saw the planting of the little hamlet by the sea was the same 
that signed the famous petition for the bill of rights, that elected the members 
of the Long Parliament, that brought Charles to the scaffold, that established 
the Commonwealth, and that made the people supreme instead of the throne. 



ii 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 313 

Gloucester has a history of which her sons and daughters may well be proud, 
and which deserves their careful study. The reunion of these sons and 
daughters last evening was a notable occasion, and the events of to-day will 
make it a notable one in her history. 

The two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Gloucester may well be 
celebrated with rejoicing. Nor in summing up the history of the town should 
the bravery of the men and the women be forgotten, — a bravery displayed 
not only occasionally, as in times of war, but daily in the pursuits of peace. 
The fishermen are they that go down to the sea in ships, that do business in 
great waters. Too often they snatch in vain the food foi others from the 
jaws of death. The women endure patiently the strain of waiting, and bear 
up heroically under suspense and certain loss. Without doubt, because the 
tugs at their own heartstrings are so severe, their hearts go out so generously 
toward the sufferers by fire and flood in other towns. — Journal. 



ANNIVERSARY NOTES. 
The Beverly Citizen had nearly a column article on the Gloucester 
Anniversary Celebration in which it says : — 

The two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Gloucester is going to be a 
grand affair. For more than a year the citizens of that city, and especially 
the committees and members of the city government, have worked hard to 
arrange plans, to bring to the celebration the absent sons and daughters of 
Cape Ann, and to interest the people of Massachusetts in the affair. To 
their credit let it be said that they have accomplished much, and in the two 
months remaining before the final preparations, no stone will be left unturned 
to make it a success. 



GLOUCESTER'S ANNIVERSARY. 

Yesterday that great quarter-millennial anniversary celebration of the 
founding of Gloucester may be said to have fairly begun, with the reunion of 
" Gloucester's absent sons and daughters " at City Hall. To-day it is expected 
that the firemen's parade will take place during the forenoon. For the after- 
noon, there have been prepared what to many people must prove the central 
and culminating events of the week, the literary exercises in the mammoth 
tent at Stage Fort. The program includes an historical address, the sing" 
ing of an original ode, the recital of a poem written for the occasion, and other 
such appropriate features. That the attendance will tax severely the vast 
accommodations provided, that from first to last interest will be maintained at 
a high point, none can doubt who take into consideration either the excep- 
tional importance of the occasion itself or the high character and known 
ability of those on whom the success of the anniversary chiefly depends. Not 
only will the multitudes in personal attendance be greatly impressed, but 
countless thousands will eagerly peruse the reports as they appear in the 
newspapers. 



314 



TV/0 HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Perhaps the first thought suggested to many reflecting minds will be that 
the " New World " is becoming quite an old world. Not until within recent 
years has such a celebration as is now taking place been possible in New 
England. Our very oldest town, Plymouth, commemorated the two hundred 
and fiftieth anniversary of its origin a little less than twenty-two years ago, 
five years this side of the close of our Civil War; and only thirty-four years 
ago, or three years before the firing on Fort Sumter, occurred a similar event 
with reference to the settlement of Jamestown, Va., where the first British 
colony in North America was established. But a very small beginning indeed 
had been made toward the mighty republic which we now live in when the 
earliest white settlers took up their abode on the wild, rugged, desolate, yet 
picturesque, shores of Cape Ann. If we think of what has since been wrought, 
if we compare that which is with that which was, two centuries and a half 
seem a small lapse of time for changes so marvellous. On the other hand, if 
we look back along the path of the generations and seek to form a mental 
picture of the civilized world as it existed in the year of our Lord one thousand 
six hundred and forty-two, it will seem that the city of Gloucester, together 
with the Commonwealth to whose renown it contributes so considerable a 
part, are venerable with antiquity. For, measured by the standard of human 
progress, the inhabited earth was young then and is ancient now. 

A single one of the States of this Union contains nearly as many people as 
dwelt in England when Gloucester was founded. In the United States are 
nearly ten times as many. Two hundred and fifty years ago the mother 
country was in the midst of that momentous revolution which resulted in the 
downfall of the Stuart kings and the era of Oliver Cromwell's triumph. There 
were planted on English soil, to be transplanted, through successive migra- 
tions, on American soil, never to be permanently uprooted on any soil where 
the Anglo-Saxon race is dominant, the seeds of civil and religious liberty. 
The same generation that helped to found Gloucester sent members to the 
Long Parliament, furnished signatures to the petition for the bill of rights, and 
attached their names to the compact in the cabin of the Mayflower. At that 
time men were yet living who fought the Spanish Armada, witnessed the first 
performance of Shakespeare's plays, and read the first edition of Bacon's 
"Novum Organum." Many of the witnesses of that day were in doubt 
whether to accept the new Copernican or to adhere still to the old Ptolemaic 
theory of the starry universe. 

It is by such facts as these, and many more which will throng upon the 
thoughts of any one who indulges in historical retrospect that the significance 
of this past quarter millennium will be made to take its due proportions. It 
will be useful to try to gain some such perspective while listening to or read- 
ing the recital of the deeply impressive Gloucester story. The less will not 
be dwarfed by the greater, but will partake of its greatness. We may fittingly 
think of the grand old town as adopting, to-day, in view of such an inter-con- 
tinental retrospect, the classic words of Aeneas to Dido, when recounting the 
siege of Troy : " All of which I saw and part of which I was." — Boston Press. 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 315 

THE ROLL OF HONOR. 

In the records of the celebration there will be kept a very accurate list of 
the generous subscribers to the anniversary fund, so that in years to come 
future generations will be enabled to ascertain who supplied the sinews of 
war which enabled the committee having charge of the details of the celebra- 
tion to carry it through with such marvellous success. 

The record is one which every lover of old Gloucester may be justly 
proud of, representing all classes of society, the men and women of wealth, 
with their hundreds, and the working men and women with their smaller but 
equally as generous amounts, — all of which was gratefully received and judi- 
ciously applied for the expenditures of the greatest celebration ever known in 
this section of New England. 

This list represents the public spirited men and women of Gloucester in 
1892, who gave of their substance to honor the grand old fishing town. 
— Times. 



Well, the anniversary has come and gone, leaving behind it a wealth of 
pleasant memories. Your Uncle Ezra and all his relatives were in it from 
the start and will never regret what they did toward making it a success. 
The croakers croaked, and the faint-hearted smiled sickly smiles as they saw 
the arrangements being perfected, but all cheered and were willing to be 
counted in it when they witnessed such magnificent success as followed the 
several days' program. Who will ever forget the speeches at that banquet, 
or those two parades ? And then those tent exercises! What an audience, 
and how smoothly everything passed off! That reunion of the absent sons 
and daughters was indeed a happy thought, and everybody was delighted — 
a fitting commencement of the grandest time old Cape Ann ever witnessed. 
We will talk about it and think about it as long as we live, and our children 
will long remember it after we have gone home. — Uncle Ezra in Glouces- 
ter Times. 



Nature did not bestow all her favors upon the people of Gloucester during 
their festivities. It was characteristic of the place to celebrate amid a north- 
easterly storm, but it did not dampen the enthusiasm or lessen the enjoyment 
of the company who gathered in the ancient city. We congratulate the 
people of that wonderfully vigorous and independent borough upon their 
success in reviving the old town's memories and in bringing its citizens and 
the whole community to a larger consciousness of what Gloucester has been 
to this Commonwealth. If some of the seaboard towns have been surpassed 
by those farther inland, those on the coast have been able to make up for the 
departure of some kind of business by turning to their attractions as places 
of resort in the summer, and many of them in this way, and Gloucester not 
the least among them, have more than regained their old eminence and pros- 
perity. — Boston Herald. 



3l6 TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Gloucester has been the resort of eastern Massachusetts the past week. 
Lawrence adds its congratulations to those of the sister cities for the suc- 
cessful carrying on of a worthy and magnificent celebration. The educa- 
tional value of such celebrations, marking eras in municipal history, cannot be 
overestimated. — Lawrence Atnerican . 



The yachtsmen did not have as much fun at Gloucester as did the lands- 
men, and the grand illumination had the splendor all washed out of it. But, 
on the whole, Gloucester had a great time, and will ever point with pride to 
its two hundred and fiftieth anniversary, — Lynn Item. 



The trip [of the Eighth Regiment] to Gloucester, contrary to most expec- 
tations, was very agreeable and greatly enjoyed by the regiment. The 
arrangements were very complete, and everything passed off very smoothly ; 
even the dinner, which usually is a great disappointment, was on this occa- 
sion of the best, well served, in good variety and excellent quality. Every- 
where the boys went they were the subject of most hospitable treatment, and 
the first instance is to be heard of their abusing the hospitality offered. The 
boys of the Lynn companies are unanimous in praise of the manner they were 
treated on this occasion, which is the first of their many trips of escort duty 
in other cities on which they have not been roasted. Success and prosperity 
to old Gloucester ! — Lyn7i Item, 



Gloucester's big celebration is over at last. It was one which reflected 
the greatest credit on the city on the Cape. — Neivbnrypcrt News, 



Owing to delays on the part of the railroad company, caused by the large 
number of trains, the boys did not arrive home until after midnight, being 
compelled to wait at the depot in Gloucester from 7.30 until eleven o'clock. 
This made it somewhat unpleasant, but they made the best of it. 

A large number of the townspeople, outside the firemen and Red Men, 
have visited Gloucester this week, and they have been well repaid for the trip. 
It is seldom that a city the size of Gloucester has excelled, or will excel, the 
celebration just finished. It is seldom that a city has a set of officials, from 
Mayor Andrews down, who have equalled, or will equal, those of Gloucester 
in hospitality and attention to their invited guests. It was not only an occa- 
sion of pleasure and enjoyment, but it was an occasion where every man made 
a special effort to add to the good name always borne by Gloucester for 
hospitality and good cheer. That they succeeded is well known to all who 
were fortunate enough to be guests. 

The selectmen of Ipswich will long remember the occasion with pleasure , 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 317 

and with the people ot our own town unite with those of the civilized world 
in wishing the best success to Gloucester, her people, and her enterprises. 
May the pages upon which shall be recorded her history in the future be as 
free from spot or blemish as is her history of the past. — Ipswich Chronicle. 



CAPE ANN AND BEVERLY. 
EARLY FAMILY TIES DEEPEN THE INTEREST BETWEEN THESE PLACES. 

The two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the organized settlement of 
old Cape Ann reminds us that one of the earliest titles of the first settlement 
of Beverly was " Cape Ann Side," and that earlier than that, Roger Conant, 
John Woodbury, John Balch, and others of the first permanent settlers of 
Beverly, had a fishing settlement at Cape Ann for three years or more, when 
they removed to Salem and made the first settlement there, and held it until 
Governor Endicott and company came in 1628, when they all merged in 
together and constituted the permanent settlement of old Naumkeag. 

Beverly has also continued to have more or less of social and business 
associations with the settlement of the Cape, and in this connection we can 
but remember that the Beverly Citizen has especial reason for interest in the 
coming event, Mr. Allen, the proprietor, and Mr. Dudley, his chief of staff, 
with their families, having had their homes and family and business associa- 
tions there long enough to feel not a little identified in sentiment witli such 
an occasion as we now write of. And further than that, our other Beverly 
newspaper, the Tirnes, also has some reason for interest in the occasion, Mr. 
Bates having family connections, both present and past, among the honored 
and worthy citizens of the Cape. His great-grandfather, Major William 
Romans, one of the most prominent and loyal patriots of the Revolution, 
had a daughter Betsey who married Capt. James Collins, of Gloucester, an 
enterprising shipmaster, who, on an India voyage in the ship " Winthrop and 
Mary," was never heard from after leaving Sumatra about 1800. He left a 
son, James Albert, also a shipmaster, who left the sea, and lived after that at 
Griggsville, 111., and died there a few years ago, leaving a daughter, wife of 
a clergyman, and at least one other child. 

Another daughter of Major Homans was Phebe, who married Daniel 
Rogers, whose son George H . Rogers was one of the most enterprising and 
successful of the merchants of Gloucester ; while Nancy, sister of George, one 
of the worthiest of her race, married Eben Marsh of Boston, and left a son, 
George J. Marsh, the capable and trusted treasurer of the Cape Ann Savings 
Bank. Charles, the brother of George, settled in Beverly, where his daughter 
Anna is one of our bright and successful school teachers. William, Jr., son 
of Major Homans, is well represented in Gloucester at the present day by his 
eldest son, William Albert, and by his son of the same name, who is some- 
what prominent in public and business affairs ; while among the enterprising 



3l8 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

and public spirited citizens of to-day in Gloucester, Frank W. Homans, 
another son of William, Jr., is in the front rank. 

And while we are on the press, it might not come amiss here to remember 
the Gloucester Democrat^ established in that city by Charles W. Woodbury 
of Beverly, after 1833, where his brother-in-law, Robert Rantoul, Jr., began 
his distinguished and political career, representing Gloucester from 1835 to 
1838, returning home to Beverly in 1839, and continuing his brilliant career 
until his comparatively early death while in Congress in 1852. 

Beverly emigrants to Cape Ann from its earliest days aided much in pro- 
moting its progress and prosperity, but there is not now time to give their 
records. The Trasks had several representative men among these emigrants, 
and it adds interest to the occasion of which we write now that one of the 
most talented of them, Rev. J. L. R. Trask, D. D., of Springfield, is to 
deliver the anniversary oration. — Beverly Citizen. 



A GREAT RACE. 

There have been few races which were sailed under such unfavorable 
weather conditions as those of the " Fishermen's Race " at Gloucester last week. 
The spectators who witnessed the daring fight of the swift schooners through 
the tossing waters of Cape Ann last Friday, needed no nautical knowledge to 
teacft them that the race was in some degree a hazardous one. Yet it may be 
doubted whether the contest was more exciting than the one which is now 
proposed, and which may possibly be witnessed during the present year. It 
has been suggested that the fishing schooners of the world might be invited 
to participate in a grand ocean race from Cape Ann to some point in the 
English Channel and back again, and that the time for the contest be set at 
some date in November, when the fishing fleet is for the most part idle. 
Already several Gloucester schooners have been entered, under the proviso 
that an adequate purse will be offered the winner, and if the race should be 
held, it is quite probable that two or more fishermen from this port will 
compete. 

The idea of such a race is almost novel to the present generation, 
although tentative suggestions as to a transatlantic race have been made from 
time to time. British yachtsmen, for instance, have in the past found some 
consolation for their defeats in these waters in the suggestion that American 
yachts would fare badly in a race against British competitors under ocean 
weather conditions. If this beHef is justified, it would not affect the American 
yachtsmen much, as our yachts are confessedly built for racing off shore, 
rather than in mid ocean, and are planned and designed with an eye to exist- 
ing needs ; but there are several " flyers " of American design among the 
fishing fleet of New England, and such designers as the late Mr, Burgess have 
not felt it beneath their dignity to draw the lines of fast fishing schooners as 
well as those of racing yachts. If the proposed race should be held, and 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 319 

foreign vessels should compete, there would still be good reason to expect the 
victory of an American boat, under equal conditions. 

It is in this latter clause, however, that the uncertainty of such a race 
might be most evident. In a race oiT shore the vessels are usually not far 
apart and share the same weather. In an ocean race they would probably 
become separated and would, perhaps, meet with quite different winds. One 
vessel might have advantageous winds throughout her trip while a competitor 
might be far less fortunate. In an ocean race it is probable that the element 
of chance would be far greater than in a spin of ten or twenty miles. Still, 
the test would be in many respects a fair one, and would unquestionably attract 
general interest, if the race could be arranged. — Boston Daily Advertiser. 



Gloucester's celebration of her two hundred and fiftieth anniversary, last 
week, was a brilliant success. The efficient committee had made elaborate 
arrangements, with such careful attention to details, that all went on smoothly 
and without a jar. The great procession of Thursday was a mao-nificent 
affair, and the thousands upon thousands who had come from far and near 
to witness the show were more than satisfied. Gloucester has achieved a 
noble history in the past, her present condition is grand, and her future is 
bright. All honor to the eighteenth city (in point of incorporation as a city) 
of the Old Bay State. — Salem Register. 



The celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Gloucester 
last week, was finely carried out by the local authorities, with the assistance of 
invited guests The addresses and the poems were worthy of the occasion 
which called them forth, and the picturesque old city by the sea was honored 
by her sons from all portions of the Union, who returned to their old 

home, which has sent forth so many brave and adventurous spirits. 

Arcadian Recorder. 



There was one anniversary which the Gloucester celebrators foro-ot to 
celebrate last week. It was just two hundred years ago — 1692 — that the 
Cape Ann air was supposed to be full of flying witches, who were bewitchino- 
the atmosphere. A silver button fired from a gun was sometimes efficacious 
as a remedy for the visitation. Whittier's " Garrison of Cape Ann " is 
founded upon one of these traditions. — Boston Traveler. 



Gloucester had rather bad weather this week, but it did not dampen the 
spirits of her enterprising citizens very much, and the celebration of the two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary was made a great success. Gloucester's sons 
are too hardy to let a little thing like a rainstorm interfere with their plans. 
They are used to braving the waters, with all their dangers, ^nd this kind has 
no terror for them. — Newbiiryport News. 



320 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The following pleasant incident in the experience of the Finance Commit- 
tee a day or two ago is but one of the many pleasing episodes. A message 
was brought them that one of our most venerated ladies in town wished to see 
some one of the Finance Committee ; so acting upon this, a call was made at 
the house of Mrs. Nancy Friend, on Main Street, and both Mrs. Friend and 
her daughter, Mrs. Abby Davis, made generous subscriptions towards the 
anniversary fund, but best of all was the word of kindly sympathy and good 
cheer which accompanied the generous gifts. 

Mrs. Friend is eighty-eight years of age, enjoying the best health, and 
she is looking forward to these anniversary days with the brightest anticipa- 
tions. Gloucester women by birth, they realize how much the occasion 
means, in gathering together of the bright memories of the past, the pleasant 
reunions of the present, and the large anticipations for the future. — Daily 
Times. 



The old historic bell on the Riverdale Church ought to give out no un- 
certain notes during the anniversary celebration. This bell originally hung 
in the spire of the First Parish Church at Sandy Bay, and was the target of a 
barge from an enemy's cruiser during the War of 1812, when the church was 
twice struck. The bell had given the alarms to arouse the patriotic sons of 
Sandy Bay, and tradition asserts that the commander of the barge had his 
gun heavily loaded and instructed his men to silence its warning notes, and 
that the gun was discharged with such force as to knock the stern out of the 
barge, sinking her. By all means, let the old bell ring out its gladsome notes 
during the anniversary. — Cape Ann Advertiser. 



THE RAILROAD ACCOMMODATIONS 

Furnished by the Boston & Maine Railroad on Thursday were entirely inade- 
quate for the transportation of the immense crowds which desired to visit 
Gloucester and unite in the festivities. Only the earliest trains in either 
direction were on time, the trains being so long and crowded that it was im- 
possible for the engines to draw them at more than half speed. 

Station Master Taft had a large force of extra assistants, among whom 
was Station Master Lefavour of Salem, but the best efforts of the men could 
not cope with the influx. At one time four trains were hung up in the ledge, 
waiting the clearing of the track. 

The lirst two extras arrived nearly on time, and the train due here at 9.31 
was the first one seriously late, it not arriving till nearly 10.30 o'clock. It 
contained fifteen cars, and was closely followed by two others. 

On account of the insufficient yard room, the trains previously arriving 
delayed the regular train till nearly eleven o'clock, but most of the passengers 
left the cars above the Washington Street crossing and walked down the 
track. 






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OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 32 1 

So great was the crowd on the noon train that it was an hour late, thus 
losing the right to the road for its return at 1.25 o'clock. The shower caused 
so many people to desire to start for home that a special train was made up 
for Beverly, which left at 2.30, drawn by two engines and containing sixteen 
cars. Other trains were made up as fast as possible, but all the regular trains 
and previously arranged specials were from two to four hours late, the time of 
trains in both directions being interfered with. 

It is reported that over forty thousand tickets to Gloucester were sold up 
to Wednesday night, and nearly an equal number must have been brought 
here Thursday. The labors of the railroad officials were increased by the 
large crowd brought by steamer, many of whom preferred to return by rail on 
account of the storm. 

Most of the crowds for the return trip had been taken care of by ten 
o'clock in the evening, however, except Ipswich and Lynn delegations, for 
whom special arrangements had been made, and who were on their way home 
considerably before midnight. 

Notwithstanding the immense number of passengers transported, every 
down train left hundreds of passengers standing on the platforms at the 
various stations, unable to get on board the cars, who were sorely disap- 
pointed at the insufficient accommodations and their inability to reach this 
city. — Local Press. 



GLOUCESTER LIFE. 

Once arrived at East Gloucester and settled in the roomy quarters 
of the " Delphine," I note the activity which is spreading all through 
this city of fish, and which presages a great celebration. The city of 
Gloucester is to celebrate its quarter-millennial in ten days, and in order 
that such Bostonians as will spend the eventful three days here may 
not be without sufficient knowledge of the data which make up the 
history of Cape Ann, I have turned myself into an antiquary, and will 
recite the tale of two and a half centuries. In England there is a 
quaint and picturesque cathedral town which the old Saxons used to 
call " Gloucestre," from the ancient words meaning the " castle of 
Glaw " ; but I prefer to believe that the name arose from an older 
British phrase, "Glaw Caer," i. e., " The Beautiful City." If the old 
English town deserved this name, still more does the American city by 
the sea require such an appellation. But it was not always called thus : 
it had as many different names before the Plymouth settlers came here 
as a Spanish princess royal. 

When Champlain came herein 1605 he called it, " Cap aux Isles," 
because he saw the islands now called Straitsmouth, Thacher's, and 
Milk Island ; and he called the harbor " Le Beauport," and the beautiful 



322 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH AANtjveRSARY 

bay well deserved the compliment. Subsequently, in 1614, that roving 
bearer of a numerous name, John Smith, saw these same islands, and, 
desirous of giving the world an object lesson in his biography, he 
called them the " Three Turks' Heads " in memory of three Mussul- 
mans whom he had shortened by a few inches in single combat. Then 
he named the cape back of them " Tragabigzanda " to commemorate 
the fact that he had won the heart of the Princess of Trebizonda, a 
combination of heads and heart that was not altogether commendable. 
A few of the settlers fondly believed that " Tragabigzanda " was the 
Indian name of the locality, but it is abundantly proved that the 
aborigines named the cape " Wingaersheek," Then came Prince 
Charles and wiped out the entire proceedings, calling the spot " Cape 
Anne," in honor of his mother, Anne of Denmark, and so it remains to 
this day. The Indians probably found the place too bleak for comfort, 
and seem never to have had a permanent settlement here, although 
vast piles of clam shells still attest the fact that they periodically came 
to Annisquam, to Russ Island, and to Coffin's Beach. There were 
other voyagers who came to these shores after Capt. John Smith's day, 
but I need not dwell upon Gosnold and Pring, and Thomas Morton of 
*' Merrymount," and the men from Dorchester who tried to found a 
fishing station here and failed, Mr. White, at the close of the attempt, 
commentmg on the " ill-choice of the place for fishing " ! — that same 
place being now the largest fishing port of the world. 

In 1642, in the month of May, there came a set of determined 
men from Plymouth, and the General Court granted them " a planta- 
tion " here, which, as many of the men had come from the English 
city, was called " Gloucester." How sturdily American the city is, may 
be seen from the fact that the descendants of the original settlers still 
are the most prominent citizens. The names of Parsons, Sargent, 
Brown, Day, Wonson, Babson (the historian of Gloucester is John J. 
Babson), Bray, Tarr, Haskell, Eveleth, Robinson, Stevens, Somes, 
Rowe, Coffin, Witham, and others may be found prominent to-day as 
centuries ago in the city records. But there is a certain preponder- 
ance of numbers in some of these families now, and the stranger is safe 
in calling everybody "Tarr," and if that fails, addressing him as "Won- 
son." It was a mysterious, out-of-the-way plantation in the seventeenth 
century, and one can read in an early account of the place that " lions 
have been seen at Cape Anne," a remarkable fact which I recommend 
to zoologists, who must not forget, however, that New England rum 
was sold " at Cape Anne " at the same epoch. The names of the 
localities on the Cape have changed as little as the names of the resi- 




(iLol ( hslEIJ S( EMCKY. 
H. W. Spooner. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 323 

dents. In the harbor are " Five-pound Island " and " Ten-pound 
Island," and there they were in 1644, for William Vinson received a 
grant of the first then, and the second was set apart for the pasturing of 
rams, the ancient Glosterian believing in the poetical injunction — 
" Butt me no butts ! " 

Thacher's Island was called so from 1635, although then it received 
the name of "Thacher's Woe," for Anthony Thacher's ship went down 
August 14 in that year, on Crackwood's Ledge, and all his children 
were drowned, as well as the entire family of Rev. John Avery (com- 
memorated by Avery's Rock not far away), and all the crew. Nor was 
this the only " woe " on the cape, for just across Gloucester Harbor (in 
the old days this was called part of the cape) is " Norman's Woe," a 
most dangerous reef, whose name puzzles the historians. It is certain 
that a certain Richard Norman dwelt in Essex before 1682, and that 
he dcjiarted on a voyage from which he never returned, but it is not 
quite certain that he was shipwrecked on this reef. There have been, 
however, enough wrecks there to justify Longfellow's poem, although 
I do not find a "Hesperus" among the schooners that went to pieces 
there. The " Rebecca Ann " was wrecked there a long while ago, but 
there was no " skipper's daughter " in the case, and the name is 
scarcely romantic enough to poetize over. 

The " cut " or canal, which unites Massachusetts and Ipswich 
bays, is almost as old as the town, which was made thereby into what 
Mrs. Malaprop would call " a dissolute island," a name which, unfor- 
tunately, is somewhat applicable in modern times. But the antiquarian 
may find the largest number of traces of the olden days towards Annis- 
quam, and on Russ Island he may discern the traces of the old colonial 
road to Boston. The late Mr. E. M. Chamberlin often took me to the 
traces of this road and we even discovered the cellar hole of the old 
tavern which at one time furnished the weary colonial traveller with 
spirituous comfort. One odd relic of this road is a gate in a fence, far 
away from any house ; this gate is required to be " kept open forever," 
for he convenience of travellers to the city ; the road is gone, but the 
gate and the legal restriction remain. 

I fancy that the old cellar could tell many tales of revelry if it 
could speak, for those were the days of hard drinking, when the 
Gloucester citizens were obliged to curb the expenses of their select- 
men in the matter of punches and grog, the days when every schooner 
was baptized by breaking a bottle of rum over the bows at the launch- 
ing. And this was the birthplace of the schooner, too, for when the 
new-rigged craft which Capt. Andrew Robinson had built in 17 13 was 



324 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

launched a bystander cried, " Oh, how she schoons ! " (schooning being 
to skip along as a flat stone skimmed on the surface of the water) and 
the captain accepted the name of " schooner " as a good omen for his 
new boat, and by this name all of her successors have gone. 

Of course the old plantation was a Puritan stronghold at first, and 
Rev. Dr. Blynman, who came the first year from Plymouth, was of the 
orthodox faith, but there seem to have been dissensions enough, as indeed 
there were throughout the whole religious world of New England in the 
early days. The Puritans, while fighting Rome with cordial and united 
animosity, reserved the divine right of quarrelling among themselves, 
and poor Dr. Blynman had but a sorry time of it. His successor's 
salary was sixty pounds a year, but this was to be paid in food and 
articles of produce, such as " Indian corn, pease, barley, fish, mackerel, 
beef or pork," and the parishioners at times took such advantage of 
the trade that a commission was appointed to see that the article given 
were not unfit " to pass from man to man " At a later period (in 
1767) Rev. John Wyeth had a still more unpleasant experience, for the 
opponents to his pastorate occasionally fired musket balls into his 
house because he had not the prim dignity which they associated with 
clerical comportment in those formal days. A little later there began 
here a new creed, which was destined to spread over a large part of 
the country. Rev. John Murray came to Gloucester, in 1774, at the 
invitation of the Sargent family, and in their house, in that year, was 
planted the first seed of Universalism in America. Of course, in 
spite of a blameless and charitable life, the rancor of religious hatred 
reached him, and even personal violence and mob law were threatened. 
The preacher who first taught the Methodist creed in Gloucester 
received a like welcome, and the tangle of religious quarrelling and 
ecclesiastic law suits extends from the advent of Dr. Blynman, at the 
foundation of the town, to very recent times. 

Gloucester, however, was not so badly tainted with the persecution 
of witches as its neighbor, Salem, a little further down the coast. Yet 
it did not escape the madness altogether. Abigail Somes, a daughter 
of one of the early settlers, was taken to Boston on the awful charge, 
but was finally allowed to go. Ann Dolliver, wife of Capt. William 
DoUiver of Gloucester, was accused, but also escaped death. Witch- 
finders were called to Gloucester, and sent four women to prison, but 
none of them were hanged. Ghosts of Frenchmen and Indians were 
sent to this city by witches, as Cotton Mather tells in his "Magnalia," 
but the most peculiar case of all was connected with the siege of Louis- 
burg. There were several Gloucester soldiers in the victorious army 



OF THE TOW.V OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 325 

of the North and some of these had aroused the anger of old Peg 
Wesson before their departure. Just before they left this city, the 
old witch (so the story goes) told them she would have her vengeance 
on them when they got to Louisburg. While they were in camp there 
they observed a huge crow flying around them; many attempts to shoot 
or to capture it were in vain, when suddenly one of the men remembered 
the prophecy and decided that it must be Peg Wesson. He knew then 
that only a bullet of precious metal could harm the witch. He 
therefore took his silver sleeve buttons and fired them at the bird, 
which fell to the ground wounded. 

Now follows the marvel of it all ; Peg Wesson at the same moment 
fell down in Gloucester with a broken leg, and when the doctors 
examined the wound, the identical sleeve buttons which had been fired 
in Louisburg dropped out. But why poor Peg should have acted so 
foolishly, or what she expected to gain by flying around the soldiers in 
her bird-shape the history does not tell, but Mr. Babson assures us that 
there were many who firmly believed in the story even recently, and to 
that statement I can add the fact that I have known Gloucester fisher- 
men who thoroughly believed in witches and nailed a horseshoe on the 
masts of their vessels as a protection against them. But if I were to 
tell of the present superstitions of the Gloucester fishermen that I have 
known, I should require almost a volume ; here are a few, however : — 
'If you accidentally drop a cake of ice overboard when preparing 
for the fishing trip, you will have good luck and a full fare. 

If you turn a hatch bottom up, or drop it into the hold, you will 
meet the direst misfortune through that trip, and may be glad if you 
see land again. 

If you watch a ship out of sight you will never see it again. 

If a man comes on the vessel with a black valise, he is a " Jonah " ; 
having nothing to do with him, and don't let him ship with you. 

" Sunday sail, never fail, 
Friday sail, ill luck and gale." V 

Yet the competition between the fishermen has now grown so keen 
that I have seen many a schooner start out on Friday, particularly if it 
happened to be a fair day after a long storm. The belief in " Jonahs," 
that is, unlucky people, is ineradicable from the fisherman's mind, and 
there are the strangest instances of ships " losing their luck " when 
certain men sailed on them, and regaining it when they left. One 
man " hoodooed " three schooners in this manner last year. 

The orators of the celebration will have plenty of chances to let 



326 TJVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

the eagle scream, when referring to Gloucester's share in the Revolu- 
tion. Before it began the people here were as excited as those of 
Boston. There was not a " tea-party " or a Crispus Attucks riot here, 
but the agitation had its earnest and its comical sides, too. Glouces- 
ter was an admirable place for smuggling in those days, and of course 
the inhabitants sympathized with any attempt to evade the payment of 
duties to the Crown. A schooner had arrived from abroad and had 
half unloaded, when the English authorities sent the customs officer to 
appraise the cargo. There was at the "Cut" a small watch-house 
which had been erected in the time of a smallpox scare to detain any 
strangers at quarantine. The old watchman, John McKean, started 
at once for this station, and when the official came in sight he at 
once took him in custody, in pursuance of his ancient orders, and, 
although there had been no smallpox for a number of years, he gave 
him a ten hours' fumigation, and when he let him go there were as few 
foreign goods in sight as there were smallpox germs upon his person. 

Soon after came Bunker Hill, and two companies of Gloucester 
men were in the battle. Captain Warner's company coming up at a run, 
just in time to participate But more characteristic was the adventure 
of the British sloop of war " Falcon," which, endeavoring to land a boat 
at Coffin's Beach to capture some sheep, was so fired upon by a few 
men from an ambushed position that they made a hasty retreat, think- 
ing that there were one hundred soldiers in ambush instead of five 
fishermen. When, finally the " Falcon " entered Gloucester Bay and 
began to bombard the town, the citizens gave them so warm a reception 
that they were glad to give over the attempt. Deacon Kinsman's hog 
was killed in the bombardment, but there was no other serious calamity. 
The bill at Prentice's tavern against the town that night, according to 
Babson, was for thirteen buckets of toddy, five suppers and two quarts 
of rum, therefore we may surmise that the city had at least a headache 
on the morning after the fight. 

The "Yankee Hero" had poorer luck, although it was manned by 
Gloucester sailors. It was a privateer, and just off the cape discovered 
an awkward merchantman which gave promise of being a good prize, 
but when they were about to board, the Americans discovered two rows 
of cannon levelling death at them, and were forced to surrender to the 
British frigate " Milford," which had been masquerading to some 
purpose. In the War of 1812 there were Gloucester men assisting 
in Hull's victory, when the " Constitution " defeated the frigate 
" Guerriere." 



.4''' 

■•3 



4 




'AX OLD TIME SKIPPER. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 327 

Even in Revolutionary times, three fourths of Gloucester's male 
population were seafaring, and not only battles but storms took toll of 
the inhabitants. The great storm of Gloucester occurred Dec. 15, 
1839, when a fierce southeaster swept the bay, which is not a harbor 
of refuge when the wind is in that quarter, and all the way from Nor- 
man's Woe to Pavilion Beach, the coast was strewn with bodies and 
with wreckage. But there was a greater storm than this for Gloucester, 
although it occurred far away. It was a Sunday in August, 1873, that a 
gale swept down upon Cape Breton, the like of which had never been 
known there before, and many of the Gloucester fishermen were victims 
to its fury, while in their own city the day was peculiarly peaceful 
and the weather fine. One must read Stedman's grand poem, one 
must see the twisted trunks still in some of the Cape Breton forests, to 
know of the terror of the " Lord's Day Gale," as it is still called. 

" On reef and bar our schooners drove 

Before the wind, before the swell; 
By the steep sand-cliffs their ribs were st rwe; 

Long, long their crews the tale shall tell ! 
Of the Gloucester fleet are wrecks three score; 
Of the Province sail two hundred more 

Were stranded in that tempest fell. 

The bedtime bells in Gloucester Town 
That Sabbath night rang soft and clear; 

The sailors' children laid them down; 
Dear Lord! their sweet prayers couldst Thou hear? 

'Tis said that gently blew the winds; 

The goodwives through the seaward blinds 
Looked down the bay and had no fear." 

Yet, however many victims the sea may claim, there are always 
new ones to take their places in the procession that leads towards the 
ocean grave. I have said that the city is distinctively American, and 
so it is as regards its leading and influential citizens, but the toilers of 
the sea are chiefly Swedes and Portuguese. If the visitor will step into 
the post-ofifice he will find many foreign letters, in a glass case, awaiting 
their claimants, some of whom will never more come for friendly mes- 
sages. Portuguese or Swedish names are on thenm all, and it is at 
times humorous to notice the struggle of the writers to encompass the 
spelling of •* Gloucester." Here are a few specimens taken during the 
past year: "Glochester," " Gloseur," " Glosthire," " Quipano," and 
" Capani," the last two meaning "Cape Ann." 

There are noble charities now arising to help the sailors — or it 



328 TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

would be more just to call them bejiefactions — and Rev. Mr. Charlton 
is by the most earnest efforts establishing a seamen's institute which 
bids fair to lead a great many to the right path ; while the Seamen's 
Aid Society has a zealous worker in John T. Knight, It has also found 
its Charles Reade, this fishing town of quaint surroundings and typical 
characters, and what " Christie Johnstone " gives of the life of New 
Haven such tales as " The Madonna of the Tubs," " Jack " and such 
sketches as "An Old Maid's Paradise" give of Gloucester life, which 
has found a loving chronicler in Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, now 
Mrs. Ward. 

Why need I speak of the picturesqueness of the place when artists 
have painted almost every nook of its hundreds of lovely spots? or 
how can I tell in dull prose, in an historical letter, the natural attrac- 
tions of Champlain's " Le Beauport " ? Let me claim the bardic 
privilege and, having told my story, top off with a few rhymes : — 

Amid these sweeps of shore and sky, 

Of shaded lane and upland free, 
And rocks that like dead Titans lie. 

And shifting pictures of the sea. 

It is but right that one should give 

Homage from pencil or from lips, 
For here in weird sea-change we live, 

Our fancies sailing with the ships. 



4*. 



Out in the sunset's fiery glow, j'f. 

Out in the mist of the stormy wrack, ^ 

'Twixt Eastern Point and Norman's Woe V. 

They follow in the vessel's track. ,'i 

.'( 

'** 
To far-off Breton's stormy coast, ..;. 

To rocky capes of Labrador, 

The schooners go, a white- winged host — % 

Will they return again to shore? ,'(•!■ 

Newfoundland's winds are fierce and wild. 

The white fog oft a funeral pall 
That curtains from the wife and child 

The man that wins the bread for all. 

O Sea ! guard well the freight you bear ! 

Among the lines and nets and darts 
Are targled Longing and Despair 

And many weary home-kept hearts. 



'4l 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 329 

Deep in the night I hear a cry, 

A strange, hard tone, beset with fear; 
Each puff of wind a widow's sigh, 

Each drop of spray an orphan's tear. 

But every life 's a ship at sea, 

And soon the winds of night are blown; 
O Mother stern ! your children free 

Sing not a mournful minor tone. 

Gloucester is fair, yes, wondrous fair, 

For artist's brush or poet's pen; 
Yet still its wealth beyond compare 

Is in its race of sturdy t7ien ! 

Louis C. Elson, 



I 



UQUzinzs, 



3> 



t 



FROM THE MAGAZINES. 



IN addition to what the daily papers had to say, many of the leading 
illustrated weeklies and monthlies had special articles, copiously 
illustrated, referring to the celebration. Notably excellent were those 
given in both " Harper's Weekly " and " Harper's Monthly," and in the 
" New England Magazine." Some choice poems also appeared, and 
we take occasion to reprint the following only : — 

CAPE ANN. 

While thus, in peace, around my walls, 

All night descends the April rain, 
I know a far-off Cape whereon it falls 

And blends its borders with the misty main. 

There, loved and blest, my spirit broods 

O'er barren commons, dear to me, 
Wild wastes of uplands, glens, and gloomy woods, 

And, circling all, the gray and friendly sea. 

Ah ! well I know the varying shore 

My boyhood early learned to love; 
The headlands' beaten base, the pebbles' roar, 

And every crescent beach and shelt'ring cove. 

For, cradled in the staid old town. 

My growing spirit drank the day. 
Where from the rocky hillside looking down 

The fair blue harbor opens to the bay. 

Once more returns that life remote; 

The sky of childhood settles low; 
All round the lapsing waters plash and float 

Save where the great world hides at Norman's Woe. 

Once more, at dusk, in noisy sport. 

Through devious streets the challenge runs; 
Once more we climb the old dismantled fort 

To look with wonder on the monstrous guns. 

333 



334 T'^O HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

How swift, at school, the tidings ran, 

(I feel it all, as in a dream,) 
When foreign fruited brigs from Surinam 

Came slowly to and anchored in the stream. 

What sailor greetings ruled the time, 

The cordial flavor of the race, .'■ -' 
That told of meeting man in every clime, 

And trusting God in many a fearful place. 

Yet not alone my being grew 

By ocean's influence, vague and free, .«' 

But all the secret of the spring-time knew, » I 

With beauty's patient growth in flower and tree. f 

I 

What joy when winter lingered long ^f. 

To seek, with ever new surprise, 7 

The dripping banks whose mouldering leaves among %'; 

The modest Mayflower lifts its tender eyes. - , 

■V! 

Nor less to know the secret haunt, ^/ 

By winding ways of grove and run, *m 

Where sat in state the queenly pitcher plant, 7" 

By gold pavilion shielded from the sun. ; > 

■if 

In nestling ponds that shunned the tide ^i. 

The water lily blossomed fair; JL 

While rare Magnolia, like a southern bride, ^^B 

Breathed tropic odor in the summer air, ^HP 

But dearer far, the native blooms 

Of oozy swamp or ledgy hill; '< 

The laurel's blush, the cardinal's fiery plumes, 2/ 

Flanking the little brook below the mill. M 

Thrice sacred tract of earthly ground ! l| 

Thrice blest embrace of restless sea ! hE 

Where God's own presence daily girt me round, ^: 
And dearest human feet once walked with me. 

In deepest peace, at last, they lie, lif 

Those blessed feet that walk no more; v. 

And still above them bends the calm grey sky, i}.. 

And sounds the eternal rote upon the shore. y". 

James C. Parsons. 
Greenfield, Mass. 

I 

■in 



I 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 335 



FROM THE ABSENT DAUGHTERS. 

The following original lines are from three of Cape Ann's daughters, two 
of whom are living. 

HOME. 

Margaret S. (Pearce) Abbott. 
Home of my childhood ! how lovely thou art, standing 

Beneath the rude shade of the old rocky hill, 
Surrounded by trees, and the bright stream of water, 

That winds through thy green fields so lovely and still. 

How long will thy bright, charming prospects allure me? 

Shall I never forget thee, thou Eden of Earth? 
Will time never wear away the dear, fond attachment 

That bindsjme to thee, O thou home of my birth? 

No, never ! though my lone footsteps should wander 
To the most distant and loveliest parts of the earth, 
For oft in my dreams fond memory shall lead me 
To feast on thy scenes, thou home of my birth. 

RiVERDALE, March 6, 1845. 



LINES WRITTEN ON LEAVING THE OLD HOME. 
By Sarah B. (Pearce) Peabodv. 

Home of my childhood ! no longer I claim thee — 

To strangers thy green fields and orchards have gone — 

Sweet songsters will warble, and still make their dwelling 
In the boughs of the trees we once called our own ! 

How busy is memory in bringing before me 

The home of my childhood in life's sunny morn ! 

Tho' affection may cherish, and taste may adorn thee. 
What love can be stronger than that I have borne? 

O home of my childhood ! not easily sundered 
The tie that has bound us for many glad years — 

Tho' sunshine and shadow have followed each other. 
And hopes the most ardent have ended in tears ! 



336 TfVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

As the curtain of twilight now gathers around me, 
I think of the loved ones that left long ago; 

To her children the mother has gone, and left tearful 
Our father with trembling steps, feeble and slow. 

O earthly home, cherished, remembered with tenderness 
Tho' thy glad scenes have been mingled with pain — 

Yet in thy purest joys, seeking for holiness, 

Type of the " Heavenly Home," all hope to gain. 

RiVERDALE, 1876. 



ABBIE K. PEARCE, N£E APPLETON. 

Still dear to our hearts are the scenes of our childhood, 
Where oft we have wandered so happy and free, 

We were many at morn, at the sunrise of life, 
And now we number but three. 

Now the shadows of night are gathering fast. 
And we look for the darkness and gloom 

That will come to us all, before we shall meet 
The loved ones that sleep in the tomb. 



Haverhill, Mass., Feb. 15, 1892. 



THE STONE WOMAN OF EASTERN POINT. 
By Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. 

[Reprinted by kind permission of the author, atid her publishers. Harpers Brothers^ 

At the turn of the gray and the green. 
Where the new road runs to the right 

(For the summer people's ease). 
And on to the scarlet light; 

Where the old tottering barn observes. 

And the old farm road looks down 
The harbor, and out to sea. 

And back to the fishing-town ; 

Shapen of stone and of chance, 

Carven of wind and of time — 
Stands the woman of Eastern Point, 

Haunting my heart and my rhyme; 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. S37 

Stunted of nature and thin — 

Coast women alive look so — 
Wrapped in her blanket shawl, 

Wind-blown and cold, peering low 

Past the shivering edge of the barn, 

Searching the bay and the sea 
For the sail that is overdue, 

And the hour that never shall be. 

Did she stand like that in the flesh, 

Vigilant, early and late? 
For the sake of a scanty love 

Bearing the blast of fate; 

Acquainted with hunger and pain; 

Patient, as women are; 
Work, when he is at home; 

Pray, when he 's over the bar; 

Loving and longing and true, 

Gilding her idol of clay; 
Bride, when the boat comes in; 

Widow, it sails away. 

Waiting and watching and gray; 

Growing old, poor, and alone; — 
Was it worth living for? Say, 

Tell us, thou woman of stone ! 

Still she stands, face in her shawl. 

If it hides smiles, do they mock? 
If the tears fall, are they sweet? 

Ask. But you ask of the rock. 

Dust unto dust taketh wing; 

Granite to granite ingrown; 
Seeking the sail overdue 

Turneth the heart to stone. 

Wind-blown and grief-worn and brave. 

Gazing the sad sea o'er; 
Dumb in her life and her death — 

Spirit of Gloucester shore ! 

(^Copyrighted, iSgs by Harper Brothers). Harper'' s Magazine. 



H 



m^ 



WoXicc, 



THE POLICE ARRANGEMENTS. 



PRAISE is certainly due the Police Department for the admirable 
manner in which their arduous duties were performed. Although 
the city was crowded with sightseers and visitors, estimated as high 
as fifty thousand, on the day of the parade, there was no confusion and 
no disorder. With the city in celebration for a full week, day and 
night, the arrests were few, and mainly of those who were pickpockets, 
or ran games of chance. The officers kept a sharp look out for crooks, 
and while many came to the city, they were given such a hot reception 
they did not stay long. Beside the regular force, a large number of 
constables and special officers were detailed for duty. Sidney S. 
Sylvester, the efficient city marshal, was at his post day and night, and 
had full charge. Beside the Gloucester men, he had the following 
officers from neighboring places on duty for three days, and they too 
deserve their share of these words of praise. 

STATE POLICE. 

Joseph E, Shaw. Josiah A. Bean. 

M. Bachelder. Jophanus H. Whitney. 

Peleg F. Murray. Frederick A. Rhodes. 

BOSTON. 
Sergt. Oscar E. Boynton. George W. Lane. 

Charles M. Ryan. Inspector J. H. Knox. 

R. G. Fessenden. Inspector G. M. Robinson. 

Patrick Malory. 

LYNN. 

Lieut. N. H. Doe. J. P. Grady, 

E. E. Smith. M. F. Lewis. 

David G. Barrett. H. E. Wheeler. 

John F. Fitzgerald. B. P. Boynton. 

John A. Thurston. L. C. Fields. 

Arthur G. Wells. W. D, Nelson. 

SALEM. 
Ira M. Berry. Patrick J. Lehan. 

J. P. Barrett. A. E. Powell. 

341 



342 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Thomas McCarthy. 
Joseph Kline. 



LAWRENCE. 

Timothy McCarthy. 
John C. Reardon. 
William Housfhton. 



GLOUCESTER POLICE DEPARTMENT. 

Sidney S. Sylvester, City Marshal. 
George B. McKenney, Captain. 
Sydney Hutchings, Martin J, William, 

Keeper of Lockt(p, Special dtdy at Lockup. 



Albert F. Barrett." 
John Karcher. 
John G. Mehlman. 
Eben B. Clark. 
John J. Ropper. 
Charles P. Parsons. 
David E. Mehlman. 
William E. Burns. 
Richard P. O'Reilly. 



PATROLMEN. 

Henry S. Sylvester. 
Alanson B. Chapman. 
Frank W. Marsh. 
Henry F. Brown. 
Michael J. Sullivan. 
Charles V. Moulton. 
Martin V. Burke. 
Henry H. Walker. 



CONSTABLES 
appointed to serve during the anniversary. 



David O. Frost. 
John H. Dunnels. 
Melvin H. Perkins. 
Charles W. Luce. 
Austin B. Bray. 
Ralph Perkins. 
Walter F. Osborne. 
Joseph C. Shepherd. 
David B. Smith. 
William H. Rider. 
George Morse. 
John C. Pierce. 
Charles F. Wonson. 
David O. Marshall. 
George H. Somes. 
Michael J. McNeirny. 
Charles A. Mason. 
Winslow L. Webber. 



Frank A. Wonson. 
Francis Procter. 
William W. French. 
Charles H. Gamage. 
Erastus Howes. 
Adam P. Stoddart. 
Archibald N. Donahoe. 
Harvey C. Smith. 
Nathaniel Maddix, Jr. 
Alvah Prescott. 
George H. Morton. 
Dr. Thomas Conant. 
Charles C. Cressy. 
Winfield S. Dennison. 
Charles W. Crowe. 
William T. Merchant. 
Charles A. Russell. 
John E. Thurston. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



343 



William H. Jordan. 
Howard Smith. 
Joseph O. Procter, Jr. 
William A Romans, Jr. 
Benjamin F. Cook. 
F. S. Thompson. 
Charles S. Tappan. 
James R. Pringle. 
John S. Dolliver. 
Howard Haskell. 
John K. Dustin, Jr. 
Edward Dolliver. 
Benj. W. Smith. 
Samuel W. Brown. 
Warren A. Bennett. 

Addison P. 



H. C. Taft. 
Jonas H. French. 
John A. Hawson. 
B. Frank EUery. 
Percy W. Wheeler. 
Maurice F. Foley. 
Wilmot A. Reed. 
Edward S. Currier. 
John J. Somes. 
William D. Lufkin. 
John McLaughlin. 
George H. Procter. 
George W. Quinn. 
Philip Mooney. 
Horatio Babson. 
Burnham. 



©ttxer OPommittees. 



BONFIRE, SALUTES AND BELL RINGING. 



Tn addition to the firework display off the harbor, planned on Friday 
■^ evening, on the Tuesday evening, August 23, an immense bonfire 
was lighted on Point Hill, East Gloucester. Several hundred tar barrels 
had been generously given by Leonard A. Burnham, Esq., and these 
had been so built up that when the torch was applied a very brilliant 
display was given which was seen for miles around. 

A distinctive feature of each day's celebration was the ringing of 
the bells and the firing of the national salute at morning, noon, and 
night. Every church and school-house bell on old Cape Ann rang out 
its merry greeting, and from Stage Fort Park a detail of Battery A, 
M. V. M., Boston, fired the national salute. After the arrival of the 
war ships, their guns, joined with the battery guns, made merry music 
heard for many, many miles around. 

The committee in charge of these matters were : — 

Erastus Howes. William J. Maddocks. 
Clarence E. Richardson. Edward A. Story- 
William F. Ireland. E. Gilbert Winchester. 
Sargent S. Day. Sidney Gardner. 



FLOWER COMMITTEE. 

The committee intrusted with the floral decorations needed at the 
big tent for the literary exercises, and at the City Hall for the banquet 
and the ball, had no easy task. They well performed their duties, for 
the display of flowers and plants and green at each place was magnifi- 
cently arranged, receiving the well deserved praise of the public. Mrs. 
Thomas Conant was chairman of the committee, and she was ably 
assisted by her associate members on the committee. 



PRESS ARRANGEMENTS. 

The arrangements for the accommodations of he representatives 
of the Press from out of town were in the hands of a competent com- 

347 



348 



TWO HUNDRED AND HFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



mittee. A large room in Ferguson Block was fitted for them and the 
local papers in addition extended every courtesy. The committee 
were : — 

Francis Procter. . Sidney F. Haskell. 

George W. Scott. Walter F. Osborne. 

James R. Pringle. 



% 



THE COMMITTEE ON INVITATIONS. 

The Committee on Invitations had no easy task. They were the 
first to organize and get to work. In addition to the engrossed invita- 
tion sent to Gloucester, England, and New Gloucester, Maine, they had 
charge of the invitations to distinguished guests. For this they had to 
exercise unusual care and tact ; that no one should be denied an invi- 
tation whose national or State reputation entitled him to recognition. 
Moreover, they issued an invitation especially to the absent sons and 
daughters of old Gloucester, " as one of Gloucester's absent children that 
you should return and make merry with those still living here." For 
this, especial efforts were made to reach as many as possible, and it is a 
fact that quite thirty-five hundred of the invitations were sent out. It 
is a safe assertion that the recipients of these were much touched, and 
many a chord of homesickness was awakened in the absent son or 
daughter's heart. Fully one third of those receiving this invitation 
returned home at the time of the celebration and enjoyed more than 
words can picture the stirring events of that week. 

Besides these invitations, a most artistic souvenir program was 
issued which found ready sale, and will long be treasured as a pleasant 
reminder of the celebration. 

The souvenir badges also came under their care and were most 
artistic in design. 

The committee were : — 



John J. Somes. 
William W. French. 
Edward Dolliver. 
Charles P. Thompson. 
William A. Pew. 
William E. Russell. 
Addison P. Wonson. 



Fred W. Tibbets. 
Asa G. Andrews. 
D. Somes Watson. 
Jonas H. French. 
John Corliss. 
George H. Procter. 
Henry Center, 



-1.1 1(. w^>^^^iiimi 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 349 

OTHER COMMITTEES. 

The work of the other committees was also well attended to. Space 
permits only a brief reference at this time. The music committee, of 
which Mr. William A. Romans, Jr., was chairman, was in charge of 
the music for all the different exercises and events. Mr. Homans, 
himself an enthusiastic musician, spared neither time nor labor in bring- 
ing together the different musical organizations and in getting every- 
thing into shape. The committee on carriages, of which Mr. George 
W. Quinn was chairman, had a great deal of hard work to do and did 
it well, and the same can be said of the committee on halls and tent, 
and that on construction. To the chief executive officers of the cele- 
bration and of the city words of highest praise are due. Mr. William 
H. Jordan, president of the celebration, chairman of the Executive 
Committee, and chief marshal of the parade, brought to his varied 
duties executive ability of the highest order, and enthusiasm that knew 
no fatigue. He allowed nothing to intefere with the success of the 
celebration, and the result richly repaid his untiring effort. The 
same can truthfully be said of Mr. Francis Procter, the secretary 
of the celebration and the executive committee. Born and bred in 
Gloucester, as senior editor of the oldest Gloucester paper he had 
always believed in Gloucester and worked the hardest for her welfare. 

To the Honorable Mayor, Asa G. Andrews, much meed of praise 
is due. From the very outset of his administration he had sounded 
forth the words which bound the city to the celebration, and on every 
occasion he had reiterated his position so that there was no backward 
step possible. He also displayed rare executive ability and felt just 
pride at the splendid result of his labors. 



THE PERMANENT MEMORIAL COMMITTEE. 

At the very outset of the discussion which finally culminated in the 
plans of the proper celebration of the anniversary, one fact stood out 
strong and clear, and that was that some permanent memorial worthy 
of Gloucester and her history should be the result. In all the discus- 
sions in the City Council and in the newspapers that was never lost 
sight of. While differences of opinion prevailed as to what shape that 
memorial should assume, no one ever dared express an opinion that 



3 so TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

there should be no memorial permanent in its character. The wish of 
the people found expression in the appointment on the committee, who 
should have charge of the work, of citizens of strong character and 
representative standing, of decided opinion in this matter, and who 
could finally be depended upon to place before our people a suitable 
and permanent memorial. Frequent meetings of this committee were 
held and frequent conferences with the Executive Committee. 

It would be well nigh impossible to state within this memorial 
volume all the different plans advanced or schemes suggested, each one 
strongly advocated. It is enough to say that but one spirit animated 
every one, — What was the best memorial for Gloucester? If it be an 
industry, what industry? If some charitable or benevolent institution, 
what? and if a statue or memorial gateway, of what design and 
character? 

The Executive Committee gave willing ear to the requests of the 
Memorial Committee, and while never voting a stated sum for their 
use, again and again decided that whatever balance should be left after 
paying all bills should be for this purpose. They repeatedly urged 
upon the other committees the utmost care that expenditure should be 
kept down so that a handsome balance should thus be obtained. The 
original purpose has never been lost sight of. In recent years no meet- 
ing of the Executive Committee has been held but what reference has 
been made to this memorial and provision made for it. 

As a result of the agitation made, it seemed clear to the com- 
mittee and the people that the city should avail itself of the oppor- 
tunity to secure the Stage Fort grounds for a public park forever to the 
people. Agitation brought result, and through an enabling act of the 
Legislature this historic spot, among the most historic places in all New 
England, has been bought by the city and is forever the property of all 
her people. If for no other purpose, the celebration of 1892 was worth 
all the labor and all the money and all the anxiety. 

The Memorial Book, too, is, in a certain sense, a memorial perma- 
nent in its character. It preserves for all time the record and the 
doings of this anniversary of 1892. As the years go by it will prove 
even more valuable to those who come after and become the virorthy 
descendants of worthy ancestors. 

But neither of these are the memorial which the committee have 
had in mind. While nothing tangible has yet been brought forth and 
adopted, it is no idle boast or statement that the Permanent Memorial 
Committee will not cease their labors until they have erected and 
dedicated with suitable ceremony some memorial to be as lasting 



I 




aj CO 



"3 aj •< 



X 0. 2 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



351 



as all time and to stand for all that is best in the grand record of 
Gloucester's first two hundred and fifty years. 
The committee were : 



George Douglass. 
George R. Bradford. 
John E. Somes. 
Fitz H. Lane. 
Charles Babson. 
James G. Tarr. 
Albert W. Bacheler. 
Joseph Garland. 
Isaac A. S. Steele. 
Rufus P. Hibbard. 
James Davis. 
Alfred Mansfield. 
George W. Mansfield. 
Edward Dolliver. 
George Morse. 
George W. Procter. 
Albert Watkins. 
Jeremiah J. Healey. 
Francis Procter. 
Michael J. McNierney. 



James A. Dennison. 
William F. Moore. 
Calvin W. Swift. 
Aaron Parsons. 
William H. Rider. 
Charles W. Regan. 
Daniel Bray. 
David Plumer. 
Benjamin H. Corliss, Jr. 
George D. Saunders. 
George W. Penniman. 
Alexander Pattillo. 
Addison Wonson. 
Joseph D. Davis. 
John J. Pew. 
John S. Parsons. 
Sidney F. Haskell. 
Herbert D. Ward. 
Jacob Tucker. 
Thomas J. Villers. 
Fitz E. Riggs. 



^itxatxcial ^tatjem^nt. 






M 



THE FINANCES OF THE CELEBRATION. 



IN the management of the financial side of the celebration, everyone 
exercised the greatest care ; both the members of the general com- 
mittee (executive) and those who were on the sub-committee, vying 
with each other to make every dollar tell. Before any appropriation 
was granted, the Executive Committee discussed fully the whys and 
the wherefores. And to the treasurer, Mr. Charles S. Tappan, great 
credit and praise is due for the system he adopted in regard to the 
financial part under his care. Money was only paid out after carefully 
drawn blanks had been signed by the chairman of the sub-committee, 
authorizing and countersigned by the chairman of the Executive Com- 
mittee, and these blanks were in duplicate. Moreover, each vote of 
the Executive Committee authorizing any sub-committee to spend money 
was immediately sent the treasurer, who thereupon placed the money 
to the credit of the particular sub-committee. And, as the receipts 
were very heavy, and the expenditures also, covering a period of several 
months, these shght words of appreciation are due Mr. Tappan, who 
cheerfully gave his time and his labor. We give in detail the treas- 
urer's statements, the general statement of each committee, appropri- 
ation, expenditure, and balance, detail statements, and a list of the 
subscribers. To raise the large amount of money subscribed required 
much persistent labor, and that so many gave, whether it was much or 
•little, testified to the intense loyalty of these sons and daughters, 
whether still citizens of the old city or living far and away, as well as to 
the affection of those who had become residents here from other 
places or did business therein. 



TREASURER'S FINANCIAL STATEMENT. 

Receipts from all sources $15,210 53 

Expenditures 13,208 64 



Balance October, 1892 $2,001 89 

355 



356 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



FINANCIAL EXHIBIT. 



COMMITTBBS. 



Chairman. 



Music 

Reviewing Stand . . 
Construction .... 

Ball 

Printing 

Eighth Regiment . . 

Postage 

Saddles 

Art and Loan . . . 
Kearsarge Association 
Post 45, G. A. R. . . 
Carpenter's Association 
Sons of Veterans . . 
Firemen's Parade . . 
Contingent .... 

Parade 

Invitations .... 

Badges 

fireworks .... 
Memorial Tablets . . 

Flowers 

Publications .... 
Literary Exercises . . 

Sports 

Press 

Naval 

Decorations .... 

Schools 

Tableaux 

Transportation . . . 
Halls and Tents . . 

Salute 

Yachting 

Fishermen's Race . . 
Entertainment Guests 
Escort Chiet Marshal . 
Clerical work . . . 
Banquet 



William A. Homans, Jr 
William A. Homans, Jr. 
William A. Homans, Jr, 
William A. Homans, Jr, 
Joseph C. Shepherd 
Joseph C. Shepherd 
Joseph C. Shepherd 
Joseph C. Shepherd 
Mrs. John Lloyd . 
Treasurer's order . 
Treasurer's order . 
Treasurer's order . 
Treasurer's order . 
Treasurer's order . 
William H. Jordan . 
William H. Jordan . 
John J. Somes . 
John J. Somes . . 
Fitz Mcintosh . . 
David S. Presson . 
Mrs. Thomas Conant 
Alfred F. Stickney . 
George H. Procter . 
Wilmot A. Reed . 
Francis Procter . . 
John F. Bickford . 
William D. Lufkin 
Xenephon D. Tingley 
James R. Pringle 
George Quinn . 
George Douglass 
Erastus Howes . 
Henry S. Hovey 
Horatio Babson . 
Asa G. Andrews 
William H. Rider 
William H. Jordan 
William W. French 



Amount 


Amount 


voted. 


spent. 


$2200 00 


32124 15 


150 00 


150 00 


100 00 


25 00 


"4 52 


114 52 


500 00 


140 89: 


850 00 


765 48 


100 00 


3 75 


271 50 


271 50 


II95 81 


599 93 


200 00 


100 00 


75 00 


75 00 


50 00 


50 00 


50 00 


50 00 


60 00 


60 00 


500 00 


• • 


250 00 


19 29 


718 75 


714 10 


250 00 


207 35 


500 00 


497 40 


200 00 


zz 72 


75 00 


68 50 


150 00 


7 00 


200 00 


148 65 


150 00 


37 80 


100 00 


18 16 


450 00 


432 50 


615 00 


613 34 


300 00 


259 17 


500 00 


453 64 


1300 50 


1300 50 


825 00 


808 00 


75c 00 


609 30 


850 00 


624 65 


892 97 


892 97 


250 00 


225 00 


175 00 


175 00 


300 00 


300 00 


365 00 


343 43 



Balance. 



375 85 

75 00 

359 " 
84 52 
96 25 

595 88 
100 00 



500 00 
230 71 

4 65 
42 65 

2 60 
166 28 

6 50 
143 00 

51 35 
112 20 

81 84 
17 50 
I 66 
40 83 
46 36 

17 00 
140 70 
225 35- 

25 00 



21 57 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



357 



DETAILED STATEMENTS. 



Flower Committee : 




Expenditures: 




Appropriation . . . 


. ;5S75.oo 


Procter Brothers . . 


$0.50 






Cape Ann Printing Co. 


1. 00 






Mrs. Nella J. French 


65.00 






S. S. Hartwell . . 


2.00 






Balance .... 


6.50 




^75.00 


$75.00 


Ball Committee: 




Expenditures : 




Door receipts . . . 


. $187.00 


Floor wax .... 


. $11.52 


Appropriation. . . . 


. 114.52 


Catering .... 


147.00 






Other bills .... 


. 143.00 




$301.52 


$301.52 


Printing Committee : 




Expenditures : 




Appropriation . . . 


. $500.00 


Procter Brothers 


. $8.25 






George L. Jeffrey 


66.00 






Cape Ann Breeze 


24.00 






Procter Brothers 


42.64 






Balance ..... 


• 359-11 




$500.00 


$500.00 


Salute Committee : 




Expenditures : 




Appropriation . . . 


. $750.00 


Major Follett . . . 


• M89.75 






Walter Cressy . . 


45.00 






Nichols & Ingersoll . 


18.00 






Dennis Harding . . 


. . 14.80 






Charles Mason . . 


14.50 






Samuel P. Favor . . 


5.00 






Ringing bells . . . 


2 1 .00 






Robinson & Son . . 


1.25 






Balance 


140.70 




$750.00 




$750.00 


Decorations Committee : 




Expenditures : 




Appropriation . . . 


. $615.00 


Cape Ann Breeze 


. . $9.00 






Procter Brothers . . 


8.55 






Chas. A. Mason . . 


1.79 






Electric Light Co. . 


. . 19.C0 






Expense of arch . . 


. . 350.00 






Decorating public builc 


lings, 225.00 






Balance 


. . 1.66 



)i5.oo 



)i5.oo 



358 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY. 



Music Committee 
Appropriation 



^2,200.00 



Expenditures : 




Mileage 


$100.00 


A. A. Spaulding . . . 


"5-65 


Gloucester City Band . 


300.00 


Gloucester National Band 


300.00 


Lynn Brass Band . . 


250.00 


Richardson's Band . . 


90.00 


Boston Cadet Band . , 


380.00 


Eighth Regiment Band 


225.00 


Ambrose Malonson, board 


162.50 


Edward E. Saville, board 


112.50 


Osborne W. Lane . . 


24.50 


Blunt, caterer . . . 


37.00 


Extra railroad fares . . 


27.00 


Balance 


75-85 



$2,200.00 



$2,200.00 



Construction Committee 
Appropriation . . . 



Expenditures : 

lico.oo John Rogers $15.00 

John W. Day, 2d . . . 10.00 

Balance 75-oo 



$100.00 




$100.00 


Grand Stand Committee: 


Expenditures : 




Appropriation .... $150.00 


John W. Day, 2d . . 


$150.00 


Postage : 


Expenditures : 




Appropriation .... $100.00 


Mrs. Henry Center . . 


J?375 




Balance 


96.25 


$100.00 


$100.00 


Halls and Tents Committee : 


Expenditures : 




Appropriation .... $825.00 


R. M. Yale .... 


$160.00 




C. H.Doyle .... 


51.00 




S. L. Gibson .... 


235.00 




Charles W. Luce & Co. 


230.00 




Procter Brothers . . . 


8.33 




Electric Light Co. . . 


50.00 




David M. Hilton . . 


6.00 




Edward Parsons . . . 


5.00 




E. A. Davis .... 


38.00 


\ 


Steamboat Co. . . . 


15.00 




Sundries 


9.67 




Balance 


17.00 



f 825. 00 



$825.00 






r 














^,^^,>^ rt^i=^ 



.3&aS<^^V. 



OLD HOUSES, WEST (iLOUCES IKK, fivctecl al.ouc Kno. 

Stauwooil rfouse. 

Eveleth House (Presson Point). Freeman House. Byle's Tavern. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



359 



Press Committee: 

Appropriation . 



$100.00 



Expenditures : 

Procter Brothers . 

Wall 

Cape Ann Breeze 
George L. Jeffrey 
Alex. Pattillo . . 
C. W. Luce & Co. 
Balance . . . 



$100.00 



2.00 
2.50 
2.50 

5-43 

3.00 

81.84 

$IOO.CO 



Literary Exercises Committee : 

Appropriation .... $200.00 



$200.00 



Expenditures : 

Bass Rocks House . . . $64.50 

Procter Brothers . ... 5^-4° 

D. O. Marshall, expense . 5.00 

Williams & Co l-oo 

Labor at tent 15-00 

Relief Association, chairs, 5.50 

Teaming • 6.25 

Balance 5^-35 

$200.00 



School Children Committee 
Appropriation . . . . 



Expenditures : 
$300.00 F, J. Babson, Jr. . 

E. L. Rowe & Son 

T. W. Brophy . 

Cyrus Story . . 

Andrew Westlen 

Frank Watson . 

William Center . 

James Cunningham 
Procter Brothers . 
Charles A. Mason 
Decorator . . • 
Supplies . . . 
Balance . . • 



M5-94 

7-65 
1. 00 

5-53 
12.25 

29-75 
2.00 

1.63 

5-55 

114.82 

30.00 

305 
40.83 

$300.00 



Yachting Committee; 

Appropriation 



$850.00 



Expenditures : 

Piizes )?555-00 

Sundries 69.65 

Balance 225.35 

$850.00 



36o 



TIVO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Fireworks Committee : 


Expenditures : 










Appropriation .... ^500.00 


Masten & Wells .... $455.00 '\ 




Gloucester Lighterage Co. 25.00 




Wonson & Co 1 3.00 




Procter Brothers . . . 4.40 ' 




Balance 


2.60 1 


^500.00 


$500.00 1 


Eighth Regiment: 


Expenditures : ' 


Appropriation .... ;?850.oo 


Harvey Blunt .... $243. 50 




Boston & Maine R. R. Co 


307-15 




David M. Hilton . . 


10.00 




N. Y. Brintnall . . . 


180.83 




Kenny & Clark . . . 


24.00 




Balance 


. 84.52 


;{S850.oo 


$850.00 


Fisherman's Race Committee : 


Expenditures : 


Appropriation .... ^892.97 


Prize cup $300.00 




W. H. Jordan . 






150.CO 




Nagle & Powers . 






75.00 




Osborne Linnekin 






50.00 




Sundries . . . 






4-74 




Typewriting 








•75 




Telegrams . 








1.65 




Express 








2 65 




Messengers 








.30 




Job wagon 








•95 




Steam tug . 








60.00 




H. Darcy . 








13-69 




Wheeler & Co 








34-55 




N. G. Wood & 


Son 






150.00 




D. B. Harding & Co 






5-58 




Harvey Blunt . . 






30.00 




Procter Brothers 






9.11 




Cape Ann Breeze 






1.50 




George L. Jeffrey 






2.50 


^892.97 




$892.97 


Naval Committee: 


Expenditures : 


Appropriation .... ^450.00 


Band $406.50 




Tug to warships .... 26.00 




Balance 








17.50 



$450.00 



$450.00 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



361 



Transportation Committee : 

Appropriation .... ^1,300.50 



$1,300.50 

Loan and Art Exhibition Committee : 
Receipts $1,195.81 



Committee on Saddles : 
Receipts 



$1,195.81 



$271.50 



Expenditures : 








W. H. H. Davis .... $408.00 


Waldo Babson . 






263.50 


A. J. Rowe & Son 






192.00 


A. C. Andrews . 






77.00 


H. P. Dennen . 






17-50 


George K. Barnard 






17-50 


Samuel James 






12.00 


Charles Harvey . 






12.00 


Sidney R. Harvey 






58.00 


A. J. Rowe, Sr. . 






30.00 


F. Sheehan . . 






12.00 


George Collins . 






18.00 


Henry S. McCuUoch 




15.00 


Clarence E. Richardsor 




12.00 


John H. Lovett . . 




12.00 


Lewis H. Merchant Co 




12.00 


Alden C. Brown . . 




8.00 


Eli Jackman . . 




6.00 


Henry H. Roberts . 




53.00 


Austin R. Woolford 






65.00 



$1,300.50 



Expenditures : 








Souvenir pins .... $211.40 


Procter Brothers . 






14-73 


William Center . 






22.00 


Charles Herrick . 






214.30 


George Collins . 






16.50 


George Hall . . 






4.00 


J. E. Chase . . 






33-00 


Sidney F. Haskell 






13-25 


M. J. Center . . 






12.44 


Alex. Pattillo . . 






5-55 


George L. Jaffery 






3.50 


Nathaniel Babson 






3.00 


Mary P. Lloyd . 






2.50 


D. Somes Watson 






4376 


Balance . . . 






595.88 


$1,195.81 


Expenditures : 


William P. Alexander . $24.00 


Teaming bill 27.50 


George W. Simmons . . 100.00 


H. A. Winship . 






1 20.00 



$271.50 



$271.50 



362 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Committee on Sports ; 

Appropriation . . 



Banquet Committee : 

Receipts $365.00 



Expenditures : 

5150.00 Prizes $30.00 

Printing 7.80 

Balance 112.20 

$150.00 $150.00 

Expenditures : 

Caterer $285.00 

Sundries 58.45 

Balance 21.55 

$365.00 $365-00 



Committee on Invitations : 
Receipts 



'18.75 



Expenditures : 



Parade Committee : 

Appropriation 



$718.75 



$250.00 



$250.00 



Procter Brothers . . . 


• ^13543 


Postage ...,,. 


47-35 


Walter L. Gardner . . 


10.60 


Miss Bates . . . . 


10.00 


Cape Ann Breeze . . 


73.00 


George L. JefFery . . 


• 437-72 


Balance 


4.65 




$718.75 


Expenditures : 




Procter Brothers . . . 


$7.88 


Cape Ann Breeze . . 


5.00 


Addison P. Burnham . 


3.00 


W. H. Rider . . . . 


3-41 


Balance 


. 230.71 



Committee on Memorial Tablets : 
Appropriation .... $200.00 



$200.00 



Expenditures : 

K.W. Elwell $18.00 

D. Somes Watson . . . 12.72 

George W. Smith . . . 3.00 

Balance 166.28 



$200.00 



Of the expenditures of the remaining committees not given in detail in 
this chapter, it has been impossible to get their statement of their receipts 
and expenditures, so many years have elapsed. However, at the close of 
the celebration, the books of the Treasurer were carefully audited, the bills 
examined, and everything found absolutely correct. 



:z^ 




Main Street, 18C1. 



GLOUCESTER. 



The tirst Post Oftice biiikling, 1839. 



Present Custom House and Post Office, erected 1854. 
Main Street after the great tire, Feb. 18, 1864. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



363 



SUBSCRIBERS. 



The City of Gloucester. 

Fourth of July Committee. 

Miss Marion Hovey. 

Mr. Henry S. Hovey. 

New England Fish Co. 

Gloucester Gas Co. 

Gloucester Street Railway Co. 

Cape Ann Anchor Works. 

George R. Bradford. 

Benjamin H. Corliss. 

George A, Davis. 

Howard Blackburn. 

Dana Hardware Co. 

Electric Light Co. 

Joseph Garland. 

William H. Jordan. 

Steamer " New York." 

T. Fletcher Oakes. 

Procter Brothers. 

Joseph O. Procter. 

Fitz E. Riggs. 

Sylvanus Smith. 

Charles S. Tappan. 

Gloucester Water Co. 

Herman Tappan. 

Albert C. Andrews. 

Belmont Clothing Co. 

Aaron Brown. 

William G. Brown & Co. 

Robert Brown. 

N. Boynton & Co. 

Sylvester Cunningham. 

Almon B. Cook. 

John Corliss. 

George Campbell. 

A. Howard Calef. 

Cash. 

Thomas B. Ferguson. 

Israel Munroe & Co. 

Naumkeag Clothing Co. 

J. F. Creel, Jr. 

Postal Cable Co. 

Charles W. Rich. 



B. Haskell & Sons. 

Michael W. Ryan. 

William H. Reilly. 

Thomas Hodge. 

J. W. Roberts & Co. 

John E. Somes. 

Jeremiah J. Healey. 

James E. Power. 

Richard Saville. 

Edward Ingersoll. 

Saville, Somes & Co. 

John S. Tappan. 

Robert K. Lufkin. 

Jeremiah Sullivan. 

Edward Tobin. 

George J. Tarr. 

William Thompson. 

Charles P. Coffin. 

New England Telephone Co. 

Charles A. Brinley. 

J. Theodore Hurd. 

James G. Tarr & Bro. 

F. Gordon Morrill. 

William H. Wonson & Co. 

Monson L. Wetherell. 

Mrs. Charles Faulkner. 

James S. A3'er. 

Western Union Telegraph Co. 

Charles H. Boynton. 

Fred A. Barker. 

William Yates. 

Bott Brothers. 

Briggs & Shatluck. 

Benjamin F. Cook. 

Cash. 

Thomas Conant. 

Edwin Cressy. 

Dolliver Brothers. 

John H. Dunnels. 

Albert Dodge. 

Andrew W. Dodd. 

Lucy E. Friend. 

Charles J. Gray. 



364 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



John J. Kevany. 
John J. Flaherty. 
J. Everett Garland. 
John E. Keefe. 
Foley & Conley. 
Gardner & Parsons. 
Charles M. Kendall. 
Robert R. Fears. 
Edward H. Haskell. 
Moses Knowlton. 
Mrs. Henry W. Foote. 
Francis W. Homans. 
Andrew Lei^hton. 
Albert S. Garland. 
Edward S. Hawkes. 
W. Dennis Lufkin. 
H. Lowell & Son. 
H. & G. W. Lord. 
Charles W. Luce. 
William J. Maddocks. 
John Morgan. 
Nathaniel Maddix, Jr. 
Angus Munroe. 
William T. Merchant. 

ames H. Mansfield. 
James McLain. 
Thomas McDougall. 
George H. Newell. 
Alex. Pattillo. 
Melvin Perkins. 
Nathan H. Phillips. 
William A. Pew. 
John Remby, Jr. 
Hiram Rich. 
John J. Stanwood. 
George Sanborn. 
Edward E. Saville. 
Adam P. Stoddart. 
Joseph C. Shepherd. 
Leverett E. Smith. 
Simpson Mclntire Co. 
J. B. Thomas. 
Fred. S. Thompson. 
Charles P. Thompson. 
D. Somes Watson. 
M. Walen Son. 



Augustus H. Wonson. 
Cash. 

Reed & Gamage. 
George A. Upton. 
Charles E. Grover. 
Albert S. Maddocks. 
Mrs. Maria M. McClure. 
Nickerson & Baxter. 
William H. Perkins. 
George W. Patterson. 
Charles A. Russell. 
Edwin C. Richardson. 
Sayward Bros. 
Henry S. Shaw. 
William E. Russell. 
H. G. Nichols. 
Joseph Sargent. 
John Q. Bennett. 
Warren A. Bennett. 
E. L. Rowe & Son. 
George Clark. 
Andrew Lee. 
Mrs. Epes W. Merchant. 
Charles G. Thornton. 
George L. Jeffrey. 
Ladies' Acoriana Society. 
Henry H. Bennett. 
Charles D. Brown. 
Edward K. Burnham. 
Enoch Burnham. 
Archibald N. Donahue. 

anforth & Griffin. 
James Davis. 
William E. Dennis. 
William H. H. Davis. 
Edward S. Eveleth. 
David O. Frost. 
John Geary. 
Arthur E. Herrick. 
Edward W. Howe. 
William J. Harris. 
Howard F. Ingersoll. 
James Kelly. 
Everett Lane. 
David W. Low. 
Charles B. Presson. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



365 



James Y . Patten. 
David B Smith. 
John L. Stanley. 
Henri N. Woods. 
Everett P. Wonson. 
Charles H. Andrews. 
John M. Anderson. 
Frederick Allen. 
Charles Aborn. 
Moses S. Babson. 
James L. Bott. 
Samuel W. Brown. 
Willis C. Bray. 
John W. Bray. 
Leonard A. Burnham. 
Butman & French. 
Parker H. Burnham. 
E. Archer Bradley. 
Charles C. Cressy. 
Albert Center. 
George W. Cutter. 
Cornelius Coakley. 
China Pacific Tea Co. 
Henry Center. 
James Cunningham. 
William T. Cunningham. 
Alfred Cressy. 
John C. Calef. 
Cash. 

Edward Dolliver. 
Mrs. Abby Davis. 
Henry Dennen. 
Finley A. Dochety. 
Charles O. Davis. 
Osman E. Earle. 
Preston Friend. 
Epes E. Friend. 
Alden W. Flye. 
Mrs. Nancy Friend. 
Arthur P. Friend. 
Griffin & Cook. 
Walter L. Gardner. 
Griffin & Co. 
Bennett Griffin. 
S. Oscar Howland. 
Fred T. Hall, Jr. 



John J. Hickey. 
Erastus Howes. 
Charles L. Higgins. 
Thomas H. Hunt. 
Alphonso F. Harvey. 
John T. Hodge. 
John P. Honnors. 
David B. Hodgkins. 
Augustus G. Hall. 
Mrs. James Hovey. 
Thomas A. Irving. 
William M. Lane. 
Llewellyn D. Lothrop. 
Alfred Mansfield. 
James C. Martin. 
Alexander McCurdy. 
John Nelson. 
Samuel Nelson. 
Chresten Nelson. 
Levi Nickerson. 
Augustus E. Price. 
John C. Pierce. 
A, Manton Pattillo. 
James Plow, 
James Pettigrew. 
Frank C. Parmenter. 
Willard G. Poole. 
Thomas D. Pelton. 
W. Emerson Parsons. 
David S. Presson. 
Theodore Parsons. 
Leonard J. Presson. 
William H. Rowe. 
James J. Ryan. 
George Rowe, Jr. 
James C. Richardson. 
Howard Steele. 
George Steele, Jr. 
Enslo Smith. 
Isaac N. Story. 
Charles Wilson. 
Gideon Cook. 
Currier Express Co. 
Franklin Davis. 
John Gleason, Jr. 
Joseph W. Lufkin. 



366 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Fitz Mcintosh. 
Sidney H. Savage. 
Samuel Tarr, Jr. 
Frank O. Smothers. 
Percy W. Wheeler. 
George Merchant, Jr. 
Clarence W. Brown. 
Charles Saville. 
Clarence E. Richardson. 
Henry W. Raymond. 
Edwin H. Bickford. 
George H. Shepherd. 
Mrs. Orra Paige. 
Fred & Frank Pierce. 
James Clark. 
Walter F. Tyzzer. 
Freeman H. Hodsdon. 
Stephen Rich. 
James Clark, Jr. 
Herbert C. Taft. 
Clarence A. Elwell. 
Fred T. Hall. 
Charles H. Dow. 
James H. Tarr. 
Gorham Davis. 
Augustus B. Thomas. 
Joseph Gorman. 
Winslow L. Webber. 
George Dennis. 
Charles Steele. 
Jeremiah E. Keith. 
J. Wallace Wharf. 
George H. Dennis. 
Cash. 

E Francis Locke. 
Eben Lufkin. 
Sumner D. York. 
Hazen L. Follansbee. 
William Linerque. 
Edmund Parsons. 
Henry Butler. 
Philip Mooney. 
Moses Lufkin. 
John S. Presson. 
John Wilkins. 



Cash. 

Philip Reilly. 
Jeremiah E. Smith. 
Horace Sargent. 
John McLaughlin. 
John W. Day. 
William Dennett. 
Austin D. Elwell. 
Ford & Wass. 
Burton Fernald. 
William W. French. 
Tristram Griffin. 
Edward S. Griffin. 
Frank O. Griffin. 
Augustus Hubbard. 
Otis Haskell. 
Seymour S. Hartwell. 
John E. Hartz. 
Melvin Haskell. 
George Morse. 
Charles S. Merchant. 
Charles H. Morrow. 
Jacob Karcher. 
John W. Moore. 
Henry S. McCulloch. 
Ambrose Malonson. 
Abel C, King. 
Frank Miller. 
L. H. Merchant «& Co. 
Loring B. Nauss. 
John Lloyd. 
Charles A. Mason. 
William F. Moore. 
W. Frank Parsons. 
Howard G. Lane. 
Edwin O. Parsons. 
Aaron Parsons. 
Freeman Putney. 
E. F. Lane & Co. 
David Plumer. 
Albion P. Parkhurst. 
Adam P. Stoddart. 
A. J. Rowe & Son. 
Timothy Langsford. 
Fitz W. Perkins. 



.' }■ 



44 





GLOUCESTER SCENERY. 
H. W. Si)iK)ner. 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 



367 



Allan Rogers. 
William H. Rider. 
Samuel Lane & Bro. 
William H. Pomeroy. 
Wilmot A. Reed. 
Charles W. Regan. 
Daniel D. Saunders. 
Samuel A. Stacy. 
Harvey C. Smith. 
Joshua Sanborn. 
Cyrus Story. 
Isaac A. S. Steele. 
Benjamin A. Smith. 
David W. Swett. 
Mrs. P. H. Smith. 
James D. Stacy. 
Fred. W. Tibbets. 
George O. Stacy. 
Arthur C. Thurston. 
Adolph Voss. 

Windom Hotel. 

Daniel H. Wallace. 

Edgar S. Taft. 

Addison P. Wonson. 

Charles H. Wonson. 

Charles F. Wonson. 

Barnard Stanwood. 

Ernest H. Wonson. 

Joseph Parsons. 

Fred. L. Davis. 

Louis Saunders. 

William H. Collins. 

Peter Sinclair. 

Orlando Merchant. 

Moses L. Andrews. 

Nathaniel Bartles. 

Mrs. Charles Babson. 

William Cronin. 

Elliot Adams. 

Austin B. Bray. 

Peter A. Chisholm. 

Benjamin H. Corliss, Jr. 

Marcellus Bunker. 

George K. Barnard. 

Blatchford Brothers. 



David L. Davis. 
Benjamin F. Blatchford. 
John G. Bishop. 
James Crawley. 
Edward Dondero. 
Waldo Babson. 
Fred. Bradstreet. 
Andrew Carlson. 
Charles F. Doeble. 
Albert W. Bacheler. 
Eben B. Bray. 
Charles W. Crowe. 
William H. Dennen. 
Alphonso M. Burnham. 
Thales Curtis. 
Jacob W. Dennen. 
Geo E. Davis & Bro. 

George Day. 

Alphonso McLain. 

Aaron Parsons. 

Henry Lupis. 

Benjamin Parsons. 

Fitz Riggs. 

Eben Stanwood. 

Henry Torry. 

Andrew P. Lufkin. 

John McEachin. 

William H. Marston. 

Edward Parsons. 

Charles Parsons. 

Timothy Raymond. 

James H. Thomas. 

Aaron Which. 

Neil J. McKinnon. 

J. Melville Burnham. 

Fred. M. Burnham. 

Denmark P. Clark. 

James Frawlers. 

Charles Frost. 

Solomon Hern. 

Clifton Harding. 

Albert W. Tucker. 

John W. Upham. 

John D. Woodbury. 
William W. Wixon. 



368 



T^VO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Hugh G. Bishop. 
John W. Norwood. 
James Lufkin. 
John A. Kennison. 
Augustus Hubbard. 



Alfred Hawson. 

Peter Jodrey. 

Bartholomew M. Longan. 

George E. Hall. 

Boston & Gloucester Steamboat Co. 



SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS TO FIREMEN'S DAY. 



Miss Marion Hovey. 
F. Gorden Morrill. 
Barnard Stanwood. 
Mrs. Charles Faulkner. 
Charles A. Brinley. 
Mrs. Henry W. Foote. 
Edwin C. Richardson. 
Charles P. Coffin. 



J. Theodore Hurd. 

Henry S. Shaw. 

Mrs. Maria M. McClure. 

George A. Upton. 

Jonathan May. 

Joseph Sargent. 

Cash. 

Orra M. Paige. 



Arthur M. Lycett. 



SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS TO FISHERMAN'S RACE. 



Gloucester Steamboat Company. 
Nathaniel Webster. 
Francis W. Homans. 



John E. Thurston. 
Osborne Linnekin. 
Gardner & Parsons. 



We believe that the name of every subscriber to the fund is here 
given. If any have been omitted, it has not been done intentionally. 




ill O" 






O 00 



O .2 



OF THE TOWN OF GLOUCESTER, MASS. 369 



THE FINAL WORD. 



IN presenting these records of the celebration to the public the 
committee reahze that much has been omitted which, by right, 
belonged within the covers of this book. It has been found that much 
has been lost or mislaid which would have proved most interesting. 
Diligent and careful research has failed to bring to light much needed 
material. 

We desire to extend our thanks to the many who have so gener- 
ously assisted us in getting together what we here publish ; who 
have furnished many rare pictures we are enabled to reproduce, and 
who have spoken the words of encouragement that have made the work 
of preparation a sincere pleasure and not a task. 

In bringing to a close our labors, we desire to republish the vote 
of thanks passed at the thirty-ninth meeting of the Executive Commit- 
tee, Sept. 28, 1892, as most fitting to be final words in these printed 
records. 

1642. THANKS TO ALL. 1892. 

The Executive Committee who had charge of the celebration 
of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of 
Gloucester as a town, desire, in closing up their work, to extend sin- 
cere thanks to each and all who, by word, act, or deed did so much to 
make the event an unqualified success. 

WILLIAM H. JORDAN, Chairman. 
FRANCIS PROCTER, Secretary. 






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